China is a country with its own unique and beautiful culture. Here every year there are more than a million people who come to admire its beauties. Travelers choose this state not only to look at the greatest buildings of China, but also to get acquainted with the culture of the people.
In the Middle Kingdom (as this country is often called) many nations live. Because of this tradition, life, the mode of life \ acquires new motives. Although more than 90% of the population is Native Chinese, they are willing to accept changes in their culture, easily letting other nations into life.
In China, there are minorities who speak their native dialect. At the moment, many speak different Chinese dialects that differ from generally accepted norms; there are about 300 of them, including Jurchen (one of the dead languages).
China
The People's Republic of China is world famous for its tourist sites. Travelers are attracted by rural views, smoothly replaced by urban skyscrapers. Landscapes are the first reason that there are a lot of foreigners here. They are able to surprise not only experienced tourists, but also the most inexperienced.
The people of China in ancient times considered their homeland the center of the whole world. Those nations that lived on the border of the country were called barbarians. They were often subjected to repression and discrimination.
Residents have great respect for books, scholars, and various knowledge. All businessmen must have business cards in which the text is printed in Chinese and English. The Chinese are characterized by savings, so they easily and quickly gain huge capital.
Geography of China
China is a country located in the east of Asia. It borders on 15 states. The territory is washed by the South China, Yellow and East China Seas. I must say that China has a sufficient number of mountains. Only 30% of the total area of China is below sea level. In addition to hills, there are ponds. They are known for their properties as well as their beautiful views. Many rivers are used for shipping, fishing and irrigation. Here, minerals such as oil, coal, ore, manganese, zinc, lead, etc. are mined.
China on the map is conditionally divided into two parts: eastern (located in East Asia) and western (located in Central Asia). The possessions of this country include Taiwan and Hainan. These islands are the largest.
Country history
After the formation of the Republic of China, the first ruling dynasty was Shan. After some time, she was replaced by the Zhou tribe. Subsequently, the territory was divided into several parts, for which wars were constantly conducted. It was because of them that a multi-kilometer wall was erected to protect against the guns. The heyday of the state coincided with the reign of the Han Dynasty. At that time, China already occupied a significant place on the map, expanding its borders to the south and west.
Almost immediately after the conquest of Taiwan (which to this day is a colony of the country), the state became a republic. This happened in 1949. The government constantly carried out various cultural reforms, and also tried to change the economic sphere. The ideology of China has changed.
Chinese as a nation
The Chinese are the nation inhabiting China. In terms of numbers, they deservedly settled in first place. Indigenous people call themselves "Han". This name came about thanks to the Han Dynasty, which was able to unite the entire territory of the state under one government. In ancient times, the word "han" meant "the milky way." This is due to the fact that the people of China called their country Celestial.
The largest number of Han Chinese are in China. Here they live more than 1 billion people. They also make up almost 98% of the total population of Taiwan. It is safe to say that the Chinese inhabit absolutely all districts and municipalities.
The USA, Canada, Australia are those states that currently lead in the number of the Chinese diaspora. Over the past 5 years, almost 40 million Han people have resettled in these countries.
The peoples of China
According to official figures, representatives of 56 nations live in the Republic of China. Due to the fact that the Chinese occupy more than 92% of the population, the remaining nationalities are divided into minorities. The number of such people in the country is much higher than the figure voiced by the government.
In the south of the country, residents speak the northern dialect of Chinese. However, it is worth noting that they still belong to the Han group.
The main peoples of China:
- Chinese (Han, Huizu, Bai);
- Tibeto-Burmese (Tujia, and, Tibetans, etc.);
- Thai (Zhuangs, Buoys, Dong, etc.);
- Kadai (Gelao);
- whether nations;
- Miao-yao peoples (miao, yao, she);
- Mon-Khmer (va, bulans, jing, etc.);
- Mongolian (Mongols, Dongxiang, Tu, etc.);
- Turkic (Uighurs, Kazakhs, Kyrgyz, etc.);
- Tungus-Manchu (Manchu, Sibo, Evenki, etc.):
- Taiwanese (Khaoshan);
- Indo-European (Pamir Tajiks, Russians).
State culture
The culture of the people of China goes back to ancient times. She began to emerge before our era. There are legends that the gods conveyed to the Chinese certain principles of life and life. In the history of the Celestial Empire, tremendous changes in culture can be traced over several centuries.
The main myths of the state known today tell that Pangu was created by the whole world, Nuiva was created by humanity, Shen Nong was able to discover special medicinal plants, and Qiang Zhe became the father of writing.
Since ancient times, the architecture of China has a powerful influence on the structures of Vietnam, Japan and Korea.
Standard houses have a maximum of two floors. Over time, modern buildings in cities have acquired a western appearance, while in villages the original design of a residential building is preserved.
Traditions of the people of China
Many traditions are associated with etiquette, ceremonies, gifts. It was they who spawned some proverbs that spread throughout the world.
In order to feel comfortable in this country, you need to know the basic rules of this nation:
- A handshake is a respectful gesture used by the Chinese when greeting with foreigners.
- Knives, scissors and other cutting objects should never be presented as gifts. They mean a break in the relationship. In addition to them, it is better not to give watches, a scarf, flowers, sandals made of straw. These things mean a quick death for the Chinese people.
- They don’t eat forks here, so you should learn to eat with the help of special sticks.
- Gifts must be opened at home, not immediately after receipt.
- Tourists are not advised to wear bright colors. You should choose those things that are made in pastel colors. This is explained by the fact that the Chinese people have a poor attitude towards this kind of self-expression.
sights
The main attraction, which has been preserved since ancient times, is the Great Wall of China. It was built in the III century BC. At that time, its length was almost 5 thousand km, the height varied from 6 to 10 m.
In Beijing, there are other important architectural structures that are popular with tourists. Most of them were erected in the XV-XIX centuries. Shanghai is rich in temples decorated with precious stones. The center of Lamaism is Lhasa. The people of China love another cultural heritage - the monastery, which housed the residence of the Dalai Lama.
Some mountains (Huangshan), caves (Mogao), the port of Victoria, the Li River and the Forbidden City are also considered landmarks. Often there are ancient Buddhist buildings.