FSH and LH hormones belong to gonadotropic hormones, which are peptide (glycoproteins with alpha and beta subunits) and are synthesized by gonadotropic cells of the anterior pituitary gland. Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) are actively involved in the human reproductive system - both women and men. In women, these hormones help stimulate the production of estrogen, and when their number reaches the highest level, they stimulate ovulation. Also contribute to the growth of follicles in the ovaries.
How do they work
If you take into account the menstrual cycle, then first the phase acts, which contributes to the formation of follicles on the ovaries. Further, with the help of luteotropin, steroid hormones called estrogens are secreted from the follicles. They affect tissue proliferation and sexual function. Normally, this period lasts from 4 to 7 days. Then ovulation begins (the 14th day of the menstruation cycle), fertilization occurs during the day and preparation of the body for pregnancy begins, or the premenstrual phase begins. This happens this way: the follicle itself bursts, and the egg is ready for fertilization. All that remains of the follicle becomes a corpus luteum. The essence of pregnancy is the implantation of a fertilized egg into the endometrium of the uterus. The corpus luteum itself also produces a steroid hormone - progesterone, in which pituitary activity ceases.
The need for hormones
LH hormone is necessary for the existence of the corpus luteum for 14 days. In men, both of the above hormones contribute to spermatogenesis. LH hormone is needed to produce testosterone by acting on Leydig cells. Testosterone in the blood binds to androgen-binding protein, it is he who is responsible for maintaining a high level of testosterone in spermatogenic epithelium by transport in the lumen of the seminiferous tubules. There is a norm and pathology - so the LH hormone (its level) rises or falls. The reason for this may be hyperfunction or pituitary pituitary gland, amenorrhea in women, atrophy of gonads in men in connection with mumps suffered in childhood and a disease such as gonorrhea. In addition, long-term use of cardiac glycosides or steroid medications can cause hormonal dysfunction. It is also not necessary to exclude a delay in puberty and physical growth.
Relevance of analysis
Quite widespread analysis of the hormone LH (PHA). To conduct it, you need to collect venous blood. Before analysis, you can’t smoke, eat, you can drink water, but not much. Steroid preparations or cardiac glycosides cannot be taken within 24 days . This analysis is prescribed for the diagnosis of infertility. Of course, it is possible to conduct a genetic examination, but this analysis will be more informative. It is prescribed for the study of the reproductive system of men and women (at the reproductive age and during menopause), and it can also be carried out for girls in connection with premature puberty.