When a residential building is under construction, it is necessary to provide for systems without which a comfortable life is unthinkable. This includes sewage, heating and water supply. The arrangement of the sewage system is expressed not only in laying pipelines that will drain sewage from plumbing devices, but also in installing a ventilation pipe, which is also called a fan pipe.
If such a riser is not provided at the construction stage, or during operation it will not cope with its tasks, then a sewer aerator can be installed. But aeration plants can also have another purpose. Their types, operating principles and installation features will be discussed below.
The main types of installations and their description
To date, two main varieties of aerators are known - sewer and for artificial or natural reservoirs. The first may be:
- kinetic;
- automatic;
- combined.
Kinetic aerators exclude the accumulation of large volumes of air in the sewer pipe. An automatic aerator is required to remove high pressure air from the sewer. As for combined aerators, they combine the functions of automatic and kinetic valves.
Combined Valve Features
In order to ensure the smooth operation of the sewage system, a combination valve should be installed. As for aeration installations for the pond, they are stationary and mobile. The first are installed and operated constantly, while stationary can be used on several reservoirs. Such installations also differ in the location method. They can be superficial. These include aggregates that move freely on the surface. The principle of their action can be a fountain.
There are also coastal or bottom aerators, which are the most effective. Combined aerators for ponds are more often superficial. There is a compressor unit located on the shore and supplying compressed air scattered in the upper layers of water through a floating head. Pond aeration plants can also be wind farms. This is a floating or support structure. The blades are driven by the wind.
The principle of operation of the sewer aerator
The sewer aerator is also called a valve and is a compact size device made of plastic. It has a hole for air supply, and inside the channel and the damper. The first is necessary for the passage of air, while the damper is actuated by a rod or membrane.
In addition about features of work
The principle of operation of such a device is based on simple laws of physics. When water drains in the sewer system, a vacuum is created, which helps to reduce the size of the pressure. At the same time, a membrane opens inside the valve, which facilitates the penetration of air through a special ventilation hole. When the pressure is equalized, the air flow ceases to flow, since the rod drops into place, and after all, it drives the membrane. The valve in the closed position prevents the penetration of odors into the room.
The principle of operation of aerators for a pond
Aeration installations for the pond, as mentioned above, can be of different types, which determines their purpose. For example, surface-mounted installations of a fountain type work according to the following principle: a pump draws water into itself and throws it out in the form of a geyser. Water is saturated with oxygen and ionized while in the air. When it enters the pond, it transmits air to the inhabitants.
Other models use an injection method of aeration. In such constructions, an engine with blades is provided, which strikes the surface and leads to the formation of air bubbles and mixing of the layers. In some devices, a pump that draws in water is mixed with air and returned to the pond.
Aeration installation for water can be coastal or bottom. The principle of operation here is that there is a compressor on the shore, its purpose is to supply air to special diffusers. They are installed in several places at the bottom. Passing through the space, the bubbles saturate the water column with oxygen, which helps to mix the layers and raise the sludge for filtration. To prevent the reverse flow of fluid and getting it into the device, a valve is installed.
The principle of operation of combined devices
Aeration plants are also combined. Most often they are superficial, and their design provides for a compressor unit located on the shore. It delivers compressed air dispersed in the upper layers through the floating head. And in other models, a pump is installed. Through the module, which is constantly moving, water is drawn in, where it is mixed with air and fed back from the shore. Here she takes the form of a waterfall or fountain.
Wind aerators are floating or supported structures. In them, the wind sets the blades in motion, which entails the creation of a current. As a result, air bubbles form on the surface.
DIY installation tips for aeration columns
The installation of the aeration column provides for the connection of the sump, so that it has two washing modes - direct and reverse. Complex use allows washing the filter element more efficiently. It is better to take a larger mud sump. Small filters become clogged for a short time and require frequent flushing. It is better to use a glass flask.
If you want to do the installation of the aeration plant with your own hands, it is recommended to take a container whose volume will be equal to the daily water flow. The oxidation of impurities will occur at night, while during the day water will be consumed by consumers. For pond aeration, for example, an inexpensive and economical compressor can be used. It has four sprays that are similar to those used in aquariums. The power of a 20-watt compressor will be enough to create the desired air pressure. If the capacity of the column is 750 l or more, it is better to install compressors that are used in autonomous sewers. An example is the Topas system. Its power can vary from 50 to 100 watts, but the cost will be higher.
As for the production columns, they will occupy a lot of space, often the entire area of the boiler room. If you assemble the system according to the described principle, then it will fit on an area equal to 1.5 x 0.6 m. All elements must have access for maintenance and control. In order to control the electrical load, you should use a timer, which can be found in the store of the relevant goods. It is programmed to turn on and off, as well as on the days of the week. This solution will be ideal in order to control the mode of the filter plant, which must be switched on every 2 hours. The purified water will enter the tank through the top fitting. In this case, the water level in the tank should be adjusted so that the powerful pressure entering there draws part of the air above the surface with it. Bonus will be additional aeration.
Comparison of aeration systems and septic tanks
You may wonder what to choose - a septic tank or aeration unit. This problem can be solved only by conducting a comparative analysis. Among the first factors is energy independence. At the same time, aeration plants are inferior to septic tanks. For the first, it is important to have electricity, from which aerators and compressors work. Even with a break in the power supply, aerobic bacteria will die, and the installation will not be able to provide drainage treatment.
As for the stability of the work, the septic tanks will provide it even with a change in the number of people in the house and the quality of the drain. For the normal operation of such a system, it is necessary that the drain be inside for at least 3 days. As for aeration plants, they are very sensitive to changes in the above factors. They are designed for a certain flow rate per day, and certain characteristics must be inherent in the discharged water.
Finally
Aeration installation for sewage is designed so that unpleasant odors do not enter the room. The aerator works as a check valve. Such devices include a housing, a pressure control mechanism and an air intake. The housing is sealed and has a removable cover.