Heat stroke, the symptoms of which can vary from mild to extremely severe, develops as a result of a violation of the thermoregulation function in the body. Sunstroke is a type of heatstroke, it occurs as a result of a prolonged stay under the scorching rays of the sun. Their signs are identical: a disturbance in the activity of the brain and the cardiovascular system, manifested by a deterioration in overall well-being, headache, palpitations and nausea. With more severe overheating, redness of the skin is also observed (during sunstroke - mainly of the face), dizziness, vomiting, darkening in the eyes, shortness of breath. In children, nosebleeds may begin. Heat and sunstroke at this stage require emergency medical attention: a person’s pulse and breathing become more frequent, body temperature rises to 39-40 degrees. In severe cases, loss of consciousness may occur , convulsions or hallucinations may begin. The skin of the victim sharply turns pale. Lethal outcome is possible at this stage (up to 30% of cases).
If there is a suspicion of sunstroke or heatstroke, the symptoms of which may be slightly expressed at first, the victim needs to provide cooling and an influx of fresh air. If the misfortune happened on the beach - it is transferred to the shade, if indoors - it needs to be taken out or taken out into the air or put (laid) near an open window, fan or air conditioner, given to drink with cool water. You should unfasten the collar on his clothes, loosen the belt - this will increase the access of oxygen.
With nausea, weakness, and dizziness, it is better for the injured, even conscious, to take a horizontal position. For example, you can put a bag or folded clothes under your head. It is necessary to ensure that he, in case of vomiting, does not choke. Call a doctor as soon as possible.
Cooling of the body is provided with the help of cool compresses - they are placed on the forehead and the back of the head. If possible, you need to pour cool (but not cold!) Water on the victim’s body: its temperature should be at least 18 degrees. Ammonia will help bring him into consciousness . Before the arrival of the ambulance, the victim needs to ensure complete rest. Heat stroke, the symptoms of which are quite dangerous, can cause respiratory arrest. In this case, resuscitation measures should be started : artificial ventilation of the lungs by the mouth-to-mouth method.
To avoid sunstroke, be sure to wear a hat in the heat. In summer, you should not be exposed to the sun in the daytime: it is better to leave the beach before 11 a.m., and return only after five in the evening. Do not sunbathe for a long time in the first days after coming to rest - let the body cope with acclimatization. If you need to leave the house in the heat, wear light-colored clothes made from natural fabrics. Avoid wearing tight things.
To prevent heat stroke, the symptoms of which are extremely unpleasant and quite serious, it is necessary, as far as possible, to avoid excessive physical exertion in hot weather. In enclosed spaces it is necessary to ensure constant air circulation. In the heat, do not eat fatty and spicy foods, and the portions must be reduced: the body already has a serious load. He is trying to regulate this process on his own - many have noticed that in hot weather there is absolutely no desire to eat. Food should be light, and food should be well absorbed. Limit alcohol consumption, especially strong alcohol.
You need to drink a lot in the heat: mineral water, iced tea with lemon, juices and fruit drinks, dried fruit compotes are suitable. It is better to limit sweet carbonated drinks : because of the high sugar content, they are not able to quench your thirst properly, but to add, with excessive consumption, a couple of extra pounds - completely. If you follow these simple recommendations, the symptoms of heat stroke, like the sun, will bypass you.