The twenty-first century is the time of machines and new technologies. All spheres of human activity are actively developing, including the military. The laboratories of many countries are developing new types of weapons. Therefore, the means of RCHBZ, standards and actions for infection are those things that everyone must know.
Weapons of mass destruction (WMD)
The very concept already suggests that the amount of losses will be large-scale. The objects of WMD are people, animals, habitat, products. The principle of use is surprise and inclusiveness.
Weapons of mass destruction include nuclear, chemical and biological. Hence the decipherment of RCBZ: radiation, chemical and biological protection.
Weapons of mass destruction were used during the first and second world wars. These were substances that had a toxic effect on the body.
Officially, at present, only five countries own nuclear weapons of mass destruction - the USA, Russia, Great Britain, France, and China. They do not deny, but also do not confirm, the possession of nuclear weapons by Israel, Pakistan, India and North Korea.
On July 1, 1968, an international agreement on the non-use of nuclear weapons was signed, which entered into force on March 5, 1970. The agreement was joined by 189 world powers.
Decoding RKhBZ
RKhBZ - radiation, chemical and biological protection against weapons of mass destruction. Consider each of its views:
1. Nuclear weapons. It has disastrous consequences. The main damaging factors are shock wave, radiation and radiation. A nuclear explosion can occur both in the sky and underground or under water. As a result, all life is affected by radiation and instantly or gradually dies (depending on the dose of radiation).
The territory of destruction directly depends on the strength of the nuclear explosion, the nature of the place, soil and weather conditions (wind, precipitation).
You can hide from a nuclear explosion behind solid buildings. Personal protective equipment that needs to be used is a gas mask, a respirator, a gauze bandage. Skin protection products (raincoats, overalls, gloves) are also used.
2. Chemical weapons - this is the use for military purposes of toxic, or poisonous, substances (OM). During the use of this tool, a dull explosion is heard, after which smoke appears in the air.
Sprayed poisonous substances infect people, terrain, water bodies. OM have a nerve-paralytic, abscessive, suffocating and irritating effect. The protective equipment that is used in such situations is a gas mask and overalls.
3. Biological weapons - based on pathogens. The principle of distribution is the same as the previous type. The substance that is sprayed is the causative agent of terrible ailments (ulcer, cholera, plague). The difficulty with this type of weapon is that all viruses have a different incubation period.
In addition to the basic means of protection - a respirator and protective clothing - they also use vaccination and antibiotics.
RKhBZ troops
The main objective of this structure is the defense of the population and objects from radiation, chemical and biological attacks. RCBZ troops reconnaissance, indicate the limits of infection, give a signal to the personnel and notify their commander about the impending danger. How does this happen?
The radiation and chemical conditions are monitored from a special post. Upon detection of a source of infection, the senior must give a special signal and notify the commander. For this purpose, a system of uniform signs was developed.
So, in the case of radiation infection siren sounds (short beeps). You can use a car signal. The speech signal is “Attention! Radiation hazard! ”
If there is a chemical infection, the same siren sounds, but the phrase changes: “Attention! Chemical hazard! ”
Alert signals must know all personnel. In addition, each employee must temporarily hand over RHBZ standards (8 pcs.). They are exercises for the use of personal protective equipment (respirator, gas mask, protective clothing). Signal actions are also being worked out.
The decoding of the RCMB, its significance, as well as all the standards are the basis of the foundations for each soldier. And where are future specialists in this field trained?
Military academy of rhbz
Skilled fighters, officers and sergeants on issues of organic matter technology, as well as the production of chemical and biological defense tools, are trained at a special military academy in the city of Kostroma. The Academy is named after Marshal of the Soviet Union - S.K. Timoshenko.
The educational organization was created back in 1932 and was then called the Military Chemical Academy of the Red Army. In the postwar years, the Armed Forces of the country were focused here.
Many prominent scientists come from this academy. Over the entire period of the institution’s work, about ten thousand officers and more than five thousand specialists in the chemical industry were trained.
In 2008, three universities entered the academy, and since then its full name is: Military Academy of the Troops of Radiation, Chemical and Biological Defense and Engineering Troops named after Marshal of the Soviet Union S.K. Timoshenko.
Civil defense as a school subject
One of the duties of any state is the introduction of such a subject as civil defense into the school curriculum. This is a complex of knowledge, having acquired which, the inhabitants of the country will be able to defend themselves from the dangers arising from military operations, including from WMD.
Any person, even a child, must know how to overcome the consequences of hostilities, as well as have an idea of personal protective equipment and be able to use them.
Therefore, the subject of civil defense should be taught in every school. The task of the teacher is to teach children and the composition of the educational institution how to protect, behavior during the evacuation, first aid.
People who know from childhood what to do in an unpredictable and dangerous situation are more likely to survive in the event of hostilities.
Conclusion
In connection with the development of new technologies, the military industry is also actively developing. Although an agreement was signed on the non-use of nuclear weapons, no one can say with certainty that they will not be used. So, each person must know how to behave in the event of radiation, chemical and biological attacks, as well as be able to use personal protective equipment. That is why the decoding of the RCHB should be explained even in school textbooks.