The ankle is the largest joint in the human body. It includes three bones:
- large tibia (lower articular surface, condyle);
- small tibia (condyle);
- ram (foot).
Between themselves, these bones are attached by a thin joint capsule and ligamentous apparatus.
Both basic movements, which include extension and flexion, are provided with a block-like device of the joint. In the process of walking involved ankle joint. This joint is subject to a very heavy load due to body weight, because in a standing position, most of the weight falls on it.
What is the ICD code for an ankle injury?
ICD
According to ICD-10, bruises and similar diseases correspond to class 19, which is called "Poisoning, injury and other consequences that arise under the influence of external causes." Diseases and injuries relating to the foot and ankle joint are collected in one common block, indicated by the numbers S90-S99.
Ankle injury: classification
Damage to the ankle can have several varieties:
- Sprain
- Injury.
- Dislocation.
- Combined fracture.
- A bone fracture located in the lower leg.
And bruises are divided into some subspecies in accordance with the nature of displacements and complications.
In this article we will analyze how serious the consequences of an ankle bruise can be, how to eliminate the pain that occurs with this injury.
The main signs of injury
First of all, ankle injury is characterized by damage to the skin, as well as subcutaneous tissue and muscles. In addition, trauma has a negative effect on nerve endings and blood vessels, which leads to the formation of bruising. As a result of a bruise in the ankle joint, hemorrhage occurs, and a swelling appears on the affected area.
In this case, the symptoms can worsen over time, which in the future can lead to hemarthrosis - the accumulation of blood in the joint cavity. It is for this reason that a bruise appears at the site of the injury. If the injury is quite severe in nature, then necrosis of the skin tissue can occur in the damaged area.
Injury to the ankle occurs as a result of a fall or impact of an object with a bone. This affects mainly the soft tissues surrounding the joint, because the ankle and ankle are not protected by muscles and fiber. Symptoms of injury are as follows:
- Severe foot pain that occurs immediately after a bruise and may accompany the patient for several days.
- Severe lameness, it is more difficult to step on the leg.
- The soft tissues that surround the joint swell. A swelling appears in the area of the foot.
- As a result of rupture of small vessels, a hematoma occurs.
- If the edema is significant, then numbness of the foot and toes is possible.
Ankle injury: symptoms
Thus, the symptoms of ankle bruising are very similar to those associated with sprain, tendon rupture, or ankle fracture. The correct diagnosis can only be made by a competent doctor after a thorough examination and radiography.
Complications that may arise
As a result of an ankle bruise, some significant complications can occur:
- As a result of the accumulation of a significant amount of blood in the joint bag, hemarthrosis can occur. If the bleeding is severe, then this will be an indication for a puncture of the joint in order to remove blood accumulated in its cavity. Then, rehabilitation is recommended using a solution of novocaine.
- If you do not contact a specialist traumatologist in a timely manner, then after two days after the injury, synovitis may begin to develop. The inflammatory process that occurs in the capsule causes accumulation of exudate in the joint.
- An ankle joint injury is dangerous, the ICD-10 code of which we already know, the possibility of developing post-traumatic arthrosis. The disease occurs as a result of damage to the cartilage and develops quite a long time, sometimes over several years.
As a result of the bruise, the ankle joint is immobilized, and this can cause Sudeck's syndrome. It is characterized by disturbances in the blood circulation, as a result of which there is a trophic tissue change and osteoporosis is observed.
The affected area in this case has a pronounced swelling, thinned skin. It becomes impossible to move the joint. Therefore, doctors recommend avoiding prolonged immobilization after you have received an ankle bruise (ICD-10 code - S90-S99).
First Aid for Injury
If a person received an ankle joint bruise, then the time during which first aid will be provided is very important. The following rules should be followed:
- Position the bruised limb slightly above body position. This will reduce pain and swelling. Cover the area of injury with a special product, for example, Raciniol emulsion.
- After that, bandage the bruised place with a simple scarf or elastic bandage. Bandaging should start from the toes and rise higher on the leg. So that the bandaging process does not disturb blood circulation at the site of the bruise, it should be carried out rather slowly.
- Apply a chilled compress to the bruised area and leave it for at least an hour.
- If the pain is too strong, then it is possible to use painkillers, such as Analgin, Ketonal, Diclofenac.
Bruise treatment
With an ankle injury, treatment should be carried out in accordance with the following scheme:
- At first, you need to reduce the load on the leg, place it on a soft pillow. If the bruise is severe, then when walking the patient is recommended to use a cane. In this case, you can only move over short distances, at this time the bruised limb should be bandaged. Most often, a bandage or elastic bandage is used for this. To avoid excessive swelling, the patient can use a special splint.
- On the second day after getting a bruise, you need to start rubbing the bruised area with gels, creams and ointments containing anti-inflammatory non-steroidal substances. Apply them three times a day. In this case, the daily use of "Raciniol." And in order to restore blood circulation and tissues, you can apply Polymedal, cover with a film and hold for about 30 minutes.
But these are not all the recommendations for bruised ankle joints (we examined the ICD-10 code):
- It is necessary to regularly massage the foot and lower leg. After the pain subsides, a light massage of the joint area is recommended. If therapy for a bruised joint is carried out at home, then do not neglect the special gymnastic complex. The warm-up should be carried out either in a lying or in a sitting position - this is the flexion and extension of the fingers of the injured leg. At the end of this exercise, it is worthwhile to warm up the foot with circular motions.
- A week after the occurrence of a bruise, you can start taking warm baths with the addition of sea or rock salt. Do not heat the water very much.
- It will not be superfluous to use alcohol compresses that are applied at the site of the bruise.
- On the recommendation of a doctor, physiotherapeutic procedures such as electrophoresis, paraffin baths can be completed.
An ankle injury (it is included in the ICD-10) is not always harmless. Therefore, in order to prevent complications, you should think about special therapy.
Specialized treatment
In medical institutions, you can conduct specialized treatment of injury. In this case, the traumatologist fixes the position of the foot with medical bandages or plaster casts. If the inflammation is pronounced, then it is possible to prescribe anti-inflammatory non-steroid drugs.
In order to exclude a fracture, dislocation and other possible injuries, a radiographic examination is prescribed to the patient. Subsequently, he is prescribed medications that will speed up the healing process of tissues and eliminate acute manifestations of contusion. Most often, drugs for eliminating edema are used for this purpose: B-group vitamins and venotonics. In order to avoid side effects, taking such drugs should be in strict accordance with the recommendations of the attending physician.
Thus, we can conclude that the symptoms and consequences of the bruise can be eliminated in a fairly short time if you seek qualified help in time and start therapy in a timely manner.
We examined such an injury as an ankle bruise. In the ICD-10 it is 19th grade.