Today, students are interested in the sports industry and the specialties associated with it. This is due to the development of the international market for services in the sports business. Interest in sports is growing among advertisers, investors and journalists. Russia was noted by the international sports community, which entrusted to conduct a number of major international sports events in the country. Titanic work was done to organize them: building and then managing sports facilities, meeting and accommodating foreign fans, organizing ceremonies and starts at the highest level, training personnel and coaches, developing sports medicine ... Analysts predict an increase in the need for professional personnel in this field , since today there is an acute shortage of them. This means that graduates of this specialty should easily find a well-paid job.
The concept, essence and objectives of the profession "sports management"
In order to understand how to become a sports manager, you must first consider the essence of this specialty. It includes the theory and practice of effective management of sports culture enterprises in the modern market. The object of study is sports-oriented organizations (many FSO - sports schools, clubs, teams, stadiums, centers, federations, etc.), the activities of which are aimed at providing physical education and sports services. Sports management itself aims to manage the internal and external relations of subjects and objects of the FSO. Its essence is the targeted influence of the subject of control on the managed object to achieve the new planned qualitative state of the latter. The general goal is to ensure the effective functioning of the FSO in the modern market, and the task is to understand the laws of their functioning and social development in society, as well as to develop a mechanism for the effective management of these processes.
Sports Manager Functions
Studying the question of how to become a sports manager, we can conclude that professional athletes do not always become them , but people who are fond of sports and are engaged in it at least at an amateur level are always. Perhaps the person who could become a successful manager of the bank became a sports manager, and all because he is not indifferent to sports and was engaged in the sports section as a child. Generally, as a sporting profession management appeared with the approval of the post of head of the FSO. For this specialty, it is important to master the art of scientific management of a sports organization. Separate elements of such activities are inherent in both coaches and physical education teachers.
But the powers of a manager as a manager are much broader. Its functions:
- making responsible decisions in the direction of the FSO and resource allocation;
- collecting information on the internal and external environment of the organization, disseminating it in the form of facts and normative principles, explaining to the personnel of the policy, immediate and future goals;
- formation of internal relations, motivation, coordination, representation in external relations with other organizations.
Studying the question of how to become a sports manager, we can conclude that the art of management lies in the ability to use the principles, methods and technologies of management in a particular case. He needs to have specific skills in the production and use of sports equipment, establishing relationships between physical activity, diet, etc. So, traditionally, the functions include: planning, organization, motivation, leadership, control and analysis. In addition, work as a sports manager involves physical education of wards, physical education and sports work with the population, training of highly qualified sports personnel in their forms and reserve staff, competitions and entertainment events, scientific and methodological support of physical education, organization of production resources of sports goods, international relations.
Principles of Sports Management
When a future student plans to enter a university, he thinks about choosing a profession. Many athletes are looking for a specialty close to sports, and come to the thought: "How to become a sports manager, and what is needed for this? ” First of all, it is necessary to find out more about the activities of such a specialist. In the field of sports and physical education management, there are principles and rules, regulations and regulatory documents that are necessary for the implementation of the management process. These include the principles of:
- science;
- consistency (FSO - an integrated social system that requires a comprehensive study of the applied solutions, analysis of all implementation options, linking with financial and material and technical resources);
- the optimal combination of centralization and decentralization ;
- material and moral incentives for FSO employees and athletes;
- management optimization;
- democratization of governance;
- legal protection of legal support;
- a combination of sectoral and territorial management.
Management methods
Professional training for sports managers involves the study of management methods, which are divided into:
- organizational;
- administrative
- economic;
- socio-psychological.
To achieve high professionalism, it is necessary to be able to form a psychological climate, give a positive assessment of the individual achievements of each employee. It is this level that involves training sports managers , since it is important to be a socially and psychologically competent specialist who knows the methods:
- business conversations, meetings, training and exercises;
- persuasion, approval and encouragement, condemnation and punishment (constructive and inhibitory methods).
The choice of methods depends on the goals, type of organization and the specific situation. The effectiveness of the application of certain methods requires the sports manager of art, constant creative search and training.
Specializations
It is worth noting that under this professional training they mean different specializations with a common name sports manager. Training according to the chosen direction is carried out after general preparation according to the program of the corresponding educational institution. The types of specialization of sports managers are constantly evolving. Along with the general, distinguish functional management. Here are the main specializations:
- strategic (area of top management);
- software and design;
- organizational;
- personnel management;
- innovative;
- risk management;
- financial management.
Styles
Each professional has his own style of activity. Not an exception and sports manager. Training in professional style is possible theoretically, and its sustainable formation is already taking place with experience in practice. According to the theory of management, management relations are divided into democratic and authoritarian. Accordingly, the management style is formed:
- authoritarian - excessive centralization of power, strict regulation of activities;
- democratic - uses motivation and beliefs;
- liberal.
An authoritarian style usually becomes when the manager is lower than his subordinates in his personal qualities and level of professional preparedness and when his subordinates have a professional culture, responsibility, and discipline.
The manager becomes democratic with trust in the team, respect for the opinions of subordinates, mutual assistance and support.
A liberal manager will be in the absence of perspective and initiative, the scale of thinking and the expectation of instructions from above. Such a leader has little control over his subordinates and, as a result, gets poor performance.
It so happens that the style of work may change with the change of team, place of work or deep self-analysis of the leader.
Categories of sports managers
At the end of the 20th - beginning of the 21st centuries, this specialty was called the head of a sports club or school administrator, etc. Today everything has changed, and now the job title sounds like a manager of a sports club or FSO. Each sports organization has its own managers. They are of different levels and solve different problems. But traditionally there are sports management categories that divide all managers into three groups:
- Those involved in development strategies (for example, the president of a football club).
- Those who manage themselves (for example, structural units).
- Lower level of performers (for example, administrators of sports schools).
Training
Training in the profession "manager in a sports organization" is carried out in many universities. There are Moscow and regional universities that make it possible to obtain this specialty. Most of all in this area the educational institution MESI is known. Here, at a special faculty, professional athletes and students who are fond of sports are trained. Their planned future monthly salary should be 80 thousand rubles. And this is not bad. In today's world, sport is a sight to behold. In the summer of 2010, they organized the Federation of Sports Managers of Russia. Sports manager Semenikhin Denis, author of the bestselling book “Fitness is Easy”, is training as a sports manager at RMA Business School. At one time he served as fitness director, president of the Olympic Star fitness center in Moscow, managing a network of fitness clubs MaxiSport and Reebok, editor of the corresponding section of Men's Health and Men's Fitness magazines, leading sports programs and tournaments. For many years he was engaged in fitness and worked as a trainer.