Each person who encounters an allergy in his life has a history of its origin. In this case, he can talk about how he suddenly noticed that strange things happen to his immune system when an allergen enters his body. For example, in the United States alone, the number of people with hay fever reached eighteen million. Food allergies are also more common in American children. In many countries, different types of allergies are becoming more widespread.
Allergens
The list of allergens includes plant pollen (amaranth pollen, chaff and ragweed are especially dangerous), latex, penicillin, gold, burns from jellyfish tentacles, insect venom, perfume, papaya peanuts, eggs, pecans, beef, dust mite feces , nickel, salmon.
If any of these substances or others that are not included in the list causes an allergy, it can manifest itself in a whole range of symptoms that are irritating and also fatal. The main signs of allergies are the appearance of a rash, swelling of the face. Hay fever is characterized by ocular inflammation and runny nose. Food allergies may be accompanied by diarrhea and vomiting. In some people, various types of allergies can cause an organism reaction that becomes potentially fatal, i.e. anaphylactic shock.
The manifestations of these misfortunes in their totality are numerous, while the list of therapeutic agents is limited.
If scientists could establish the nature of allergies, then much more effective treatments could appear at the disposal of people. But due to the interweaving of the many causes that cause allergic reactions, this is not possible. Cells and chemicals are released, various signals are transmitted. At the moment, scientists were only able to partially characterize this process.
Description of the drug
Immunoglobulin antiallergic in liquid form is an immunologically active protein fraction of immunoglobulin G or Ig G, which is released from donor plasma or from human blood serum, which is characterized by strong protective activity in the treatment of allergic diseases: conjunctivitis, Quincke's edema, atopic bronchial asthma, hay fever, allergic urticaria of a relapsing nature, seasonal allergic rhinitis, allergic dermatoses, including also atopic dermatitis.
Reviews of immunoglobulin antiallergic are presented at the end of the article.
Clinical Pharmacology
Immunoglobulin is a concentrated solution of the purified fraction of immunoglobulins, which is released by ethanol fractionation from the blood plasma of healthy donors. The immunoglobulin fraction occupies at least 97% of the total protein.
The preparation does not contain the surface antigen of hepatitis B virus, antibodies to the human immunodeficiency virus, i.e. HIV-1 and HIV-2, as well as to hepatitis C virus and HIV-1 p24 antigen. In addition, it does not contain antibiotics or preservatives.
Immunoglobulin antiallergic G has a pronounced antiallergic effect in various diseases.
Release form, compositional features and characteristics
The drug is an immunologically active protein fraction that is isolated from donated plasma or human serum. Its active component is immunoglobulin G (IgG). In this case, the protein has a concentration of one hundred milligrams per milliliter. The stabilizer is glycine in an amount of up to twenty two and a half milligrams per milliliter. In ampoules there is one milliliter of liquid (one dose), ten pieces in each package. Outwardly, it is a transparent or slightly opalescent liquid that has no color, sometimes with a yellowish color. It lacks antibiotics and preservatives that are safe virologically.
Description of immunoglobulin G (IgG)
This is the main class of anti-allergic immunoglobulins that are found in blood serum in the amount of 70-75% of the total number of antibodies. Four subclasses are distinguished - IgG1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. Each of them has its own individual functions. Mainly support the secondary immune response, their development begins a few days after immunoglobulins belonging to class M. It remains in the body for a long period, not allowing the disease to be transmitted again (for example, chickenpox). This class also supports immunity, which is aimed at neutralizing the toxic harmful substances of microorganisms. It is characterized by its small size, due to which it can without obstacles pass through the placenta to the fetus during pregnancy, thus protecting it from infections.
How to use anti-allergic human immunoglobulin?
Features of admission, course and dosage
For children whose age exceeds five years, as well as for adults, this drug is prescribed for pollinosis with various kinds of clinical manifestations, urticaria in relapsing forms, bronchial atopic asthma, allergic dermatoses, and Quincke edema. This drug is administered intramuscularly in the upper outer square of the buttock muscle, as well as in the anterior external femoral region of two milliliters, that is, two doses. The course of injections of antiallergic immunoglobulin includes five injections with an interval between them of four days.
At the age of children from one year to five years, if they suffer from mild atopic dermatitis, dermo-respiratory syndrome (the duration of the disease should be no more than a year), one milliliter of the drug (that is, one dose) is injected intramuscularly into the femoral anterior region , five times, the interval between them is also four days. With pollinosis, bronchial atopic asthma, atopic dermatitis and the middle form of dermorespiratory syndrome, as well as with the duration of the disease for more than one year, two milliliters of the drug is administered in the same way.
The therapeutic course of the human antiallergic immunoglobulin is repeated after four to five months. Patients with pollinosis treatment should be carried out once a year, one or two months before the next seasonal exacerbation.
Before injecting, the ampoule with the drug in it must be kept at a temperature of eighteen to twenty-two degrees Celsius. Open the ampoules and enter them only with the scrupulous observance of all aseptic and antiseptic rules.
Given the high viscosity of the drug, and in order to avoid the appearance of foam, it is necessary to type immunoglobulin into a syringe with a needle with a wide clearance. A different needle is used for the injection. The drug cannot be stored in an opened ampoule. Also, it cannot be used if the labeling and integrity of the ampoules is violated, if the physical properties (color, non-degradable flakes, turbidity of the solution), as well as in case of violation of the temperature conditions of storage, have changed. This confirms to immunoglobulin antiallergic instruction.
Contraindications
Contraindications to the use of the drug are:
- hypersensitivity;
- history of allergic reactions to the introduction of blood preparations;
- age up to one year.
Side effects
Most often, anti-allergic immunoglobulin is well tolerated by patients. During treatment, some patients may feel a not too strong and short exacerbation of the underlying disease. Less often, during the first days after the use of the drug, the development of local reactions (hyperemia), as well as an increase in temperature to thirty-seven degrees, can be noted, which does not act as a reason for stopping its administration.
If there is an exacerbation of the main disease, general reactions of a pronounced nature (for example, weakness, dizziness, nausea, decreased blood pressure), then treatment with this drug should be stopped. It is also canceled with the development of intercurrent diseases (acute respiratory diseases, flu).
The patient must be warned that he must inform his attending physician about any adverse reactions that may develop during the therapeutic course.
Price
Antiallergic immunoglobulin costs an average of 2500 rubles per package. The price is high, but the drug is effective. It is released on prescription.