A medical examination is one of the types of medical and preventive care consisting in examining various categories of people with the aim of early detection of diseases and determining the general state of health. Currently, these types of examinations are mandatory for each employee performing his professional duties in an unhealthy industry.
According to the tasks and nature, all medical examinations can be divided into three main types: preliminary, periodic and targeted. A preliminary examination allows a high degree of accuracy to identify the professional suitability of a person. Such a medical examination takes place
when applying for a job and
upon admission to an educational institution. During these examinations, doctors identify the presence or predisposition to certain diseases that, in certain working conditions, may worsen and begin to progress. If the medical examination is successful, the medical commission will issue an official certificate stating that the future employee may be allowed to work.
Employees undergo periodic examinations to confirm their professional suitability for health reasons, as well as for the timely detection of occupational diseases. For example, a regular
medical examination of drivers is carried out
. It is organized to ensure the safety of people, reduce the risk of traffic accidents and other
accidents on the road.
All persons subjected to periodic and preliminary medical examinations can be divided into three large groups. The first category includes employees of organizations, enterprises and institutions that have direct contact with various harmful and toxic substances. The second group includes employees of children’s, food and individual public institutions, who undergo mandatory bacteriological examinations upon admission to work, and then after a certain period in order to identify infectious diseases. The third category consists of students from various educational institutions, adolescent workers, schoolchildren and preschool children.
Targeted medical examinations are organized for the early detection of diseases such as, for example, tuberculosis, gynecological diseases or malignant neoplasms, as well as in cases of any suspicion of the doctor conducting the examination. In this case, the person is invited to take detailed tests. Most often, such a medical examination is carried out either by simultaneous examinations in organized work collectives, or by individual admission of all persons who have applied for help to the appropriate medical institution.
For healthy people, as a rule, the organization of annual examinations is provided. For people with risk factors, the dates are set individually, but at least twice a year.