For the first time, phrases and the method of connecting phrases begin to be studied in 4 classes, but they are considered in more detail only in the 5th. Most often, children get confused in the types of subordination. In order to understand the types of phrases, it is necessary to consider each of them in detail and to analyze examples.
The methods of subordination in the phrase
A phrase is a combination of 2 or more words. These words are interconnected in meaning, as well as grammatically. The peculiarity of all phrases is that they include the main and dependent words. Communication methods for collocations is the most difficult topic for students in the 5th grade. However, it is very important to study it because the students will need it throughout their subsequent studies at school.
In total, linguists and philologists distinguish 3 ways of connecting the main and dependent words in phrases: coordination, adjacency, as well as management. The methods of the subordinate connection in the phrase are easily and very often confused. In order to be able to determine what type of subordinate connection the phrase refers to, it is necessary to understand them and consider in detail all the examples.
Type of communication approval
The method of communication matching in the phrase is quite common. Coordination is a type of connection in which the dependent word is consistent with the main case, number and gender. This means that both words are mutable, but with all this change the same. The phrase with the type of coordination can consist of a noun, which usually plays the role of the main word, consistent with an adjective or ordinal, participle, pronoun.
Phrases with matching
Considering the ways of linking phrases, it is necessary to give and analyze in detail all the examples in order to learn the material well. All examples should be written off in a notebook, do a thorough analysis, work with a pencil. Only in this case will the material be well absorbed and well remembered. First of all, in order to understand in practice what coordination is, it is necessary to parse phrases with communication. Examples:
Beautiful house (what kind of house? Beautiful). “Home” is the main word, as the question “what?” Is asked from him. "Beautiful" is a dependent word in a phrase.
The frog is green (what kind of frog? Green). "Frog" is the main word, since a question is asked of the addict from him.
Fifth floor (what floor? Fifth). Both words are consistent in number, gender, and case. The dependent word is the ordinal numeral "fifth", since a question is asked of him from the main one.
With the hundredth buyer (with the buyer what? Hundredth). The main word is "buyer", a question is asked from him to the ordinal numeral "hundredth".
Scattered things (things? Scattered). The dependent word here will be the participle “scattered”, since a question is asked of him from the main one.
Fallen foliage (what kind of foliage? Fallen). The main word is "foliage" because a question is asked from it.
With your mom (whose mom is yours?). Both the dependent and the main words are coordinated among themselves in gender, number and case. The main word will be the noun, because from it the question to the pronoun is asked.
Such a man (what kind of man? Such). The main word will be “man,” because it is from him that the question is asked of the dependent.
- Pronoun + noun (participle or substantive adjective):
With someone funny (with someone like? Funny). The main word will be the pronoun, since a question is asked of the dependent.
In something beautiful (in something what? Beautiful). The main word is the pronoun, because the question for the dependent adjective is asked from it.
- Noun (substantive adjective) + adjective:
White bath (what bath? White). The main word will be a substantiated adjective, because a question is asked from it. The adjective "white" is dependent.
Tanned resting (what resting? Tanned). "Resting" will be the main word, since the question comes from him, and "tanned" - dependent.
Communication Type Management
The methods of linking phrases, as you know, are of three types. Management is another way of communication. Most often it is with him that confusion and problems arise among schoolchildren. In order to avoid them, it is necessary to consider this type of connection in more detail.
The communication method in the phrase management is a type of subordinate connection in which the dependent word is used in the case that the main word requires (only indirect cases, that is, everything except the nominative). In management, children often have problems because it is difficult to distinguish management among other types. This type of communication should be given special attention and worked on it more diligently. It must be remembered that all types of linking phrases require great practice and memorization of the theory.
Collaboration Collocation Examples
Consider examples of phrases built on communication management:
- In connection with the phrases "management", most often the main word is a verb, and the dependent word is a noun:
View the film (see what? Film). The main word is the verb "see." He asks the question "what?" to the noun "film". You can’t say “watch a film” because it will be a speech mistake. In this phrase, the dependent word is used in the case, which requires the main thing from it.
Running in jeans (running in what? In jeans). The verb “run” is the main word, and “in jeans” is dependent.
- Phrases with the connection management can consist of both an adjective and a pronoun:
I agree with him (I agree with whom? With him). From a short adjective "I agree" the question is asked to the pronoun, this means that it is important.
Confident in her (sure in whom? In her). A short adjective is the main word, and the pronoun to which the question is asked is dependent.
- Communication methods of phrases can be implemented so that the main word is the adjective, and the noun is dependent.
Red from frost (red from what? From frost). The adjective "red" is the main one in this phrase, and the noun "frost" is dependent.
Angry at the daughter (angry at whom? At the daughter). The word "daughter" is dependent, because they ask him a question from the dependent.
- Two nouns can also be components of the phrase:
Enemy to the people (enemy to whom? People). The noun "enemy" is the main one, since a question is asked of the dependent "people" from it.
A spoon made of silver (a spoon of what? Made of silver). The noun “spoon” is the main one, and the word “silver” is dependent.
- The numeral may be the main thing in the phrase, and the noun may be dependent.
Three drops (three of which? Drops). “Three” is the main word, and “drops” is the dependent.
Twelve months (twelve of what? Months). The numeral is the main word, and the noun is dependent.
- An adverb is the main word in the phrase with the connection management, and the noun is dependent:
To the left of the house (to the left of what? From the house).
Down the street (down what? Down the street).
- There are phrases where the main word is geremonial, and the noun is dependent:
Watching them (watching someone? Them). The participle is the main word, because the question for the addict comes from him.
Turning to the article (referring to what? To the article). The noun in the dative case in this phrase is a dependent word, because it is asked a question from the participle "addressing".
Type of connection abutment
The method of communication in the phrase collision is the final stage in the study of the types of communication collocations. In a phrase with a connection, adjacency, both words, and the dependent, and most importantly, join each other only in meaning. The main word is immutable.
Examples of collocations with an abut relationship
In order to understand how adjacency is carried out, it is necessary to analyze in detail all kinds of examples:
- Noun, verb, adjective + infinitive of the verb:
Opportunity to stay (opportunity to do? Stay). It is known that connection adjacency is carried out only in meaning. The noun “opportunity” is the main word, while the infinitive of the verb “stay” is dependent because it is being asked.
Other examples: the decision to meet, the desire to leave, the science of thinking, the desire to learn. In all phrases, the main word will be the noun, and the dependent will be the infinitive.
Allowed to kiss (allowed what? Kiss). Both members of the phrase are verbs. The main word will be the verb "allowed," and the dependent, the infinitive "kiss."
Other examples: likes to walk, came to laugh, wants to come, decided to read. In all these examples, the dependent word will be the infinitive, and the main one is the verb.
Must leave (what should I do? Leave). The main word is a short adjective "must", and the dependent, to whom the question is asked, is an infinitive.
Other examples: turn right, glad to see, ready to answer. In all the above examples, the main word will be a short adjective, and the dependent will be the infinitive.
Turn right (turn where? Right). The main word is the noun "turn", and the dependent adverb is "to the right."
Types of phrases by the main word
Having passed the methods of the subordinate connection in the phrase, they proceed to study the topic of types of phrases by the main word. In total, 3 groups of phrases by the main word are distinguished.
Noun phrases
Noun phrases are phrases in which the main word is a noun, pronoun, adjective or numeral. Examples of noun phrases: pink elephant (main word - noun), five drops (main word - numeral), glad to try (main word - short adjective), she is good (main word - pronoun).
Verbal phrases
Verbal phrases are those phrases in which the main word, as a rule, is the verb. Examples of verbal phrases: go far, say lies, go see, go joyfully (the main words in these phrases are verbs).
Adverbial Phrases
Adverbial phrases are those phrases in which the main word is an adverb. Examples of adverbial phrases: always good, top secret, far from Russia (the main words in these phrases are adverbs).
Communication types of phrases are easy to remember, if often practiced, as well as learn the necessary theory.