Condyloma is a benign growth that appears on any part of the body. Of course, this disease cannot be called rare, so it is important to know the methods of its transmission and the essence of development. The appearance of warts can provoke infection with human papillomavirus, and this happens in different ways. Sometimes the first manifestations occur even many years after infection. What causes the virus (candidiasis) in women and men?
Main reasons
Most often, condylomas are found in women. The appearance of the formation resembles a simple wart, but with a sharp end. If there are several of them, then gradually such an outgrowth will resemble cauliflower. When visiting a doctor, the patient complains of constant discomfort at the site of the appearance of papules. Itching and burning are also present. For many women, this problem is a real cosmetic defect. It is extremely cautious to treat warts with high oncogenicity.
To understand what the disease looks like, you can see a photo of the candidiasis. The virus in men in most cases is found on the penis or near the anus.
It has already been said that condylomas are caused by human papillomavirus, and at least 80 strains are now isolated. More than half of them can not cause harm to health, but about a third of them directly threaten life. We are talking about the types of genital warts, which eventually degenerate into cancers.
There are several ways to transmit this disease. It is genital and contact household. The patients most often are girls and boys who are not yet 25 years old. Usually it is at this age that a promiscuous sexual life is conducted and a change of partners occurs.
Development features
When the causative agent enters the body of a healthy person, there is no guarantee that the first symptoms will occur almost immediately. Activation usually occurs with weakened immunity, which is not able to protect against pathogenic bacteria. In most patients, the latent period lasts about 8 months. If a person has a good immune system, then condylomas can appear years later. The development of the virus is as follows:
- Pathogenic bacteria begin to enter inside healthy epithelial cells or mucous membranes. This can be facilitated by the presence of microtrauma resulting from mechanical damage or an inflammatory process.
- If the immune system is weakened, then the DNA of a healthy cell will be replaced by a viral one, that is, the disease goes into the stage of progression.
- With a significant increase in the number of virus cells, a build-up occurs. With numerous warts in the future, one large formation will appear.
Doctors always conduct a cytological examination of the surface layer of the skin to determine the presence of affected cells. For example, if the cell nucleus is surrounded by a light rim, then this indicates the presence of the virus and its spread.
Transmission ways
A viral infection passes from a person with papillomavirus to a healthy one. Quite often, the patient does not even suspect the presence of such a disease, but is nevertheless its carrier. The main route of infection is sexual, since most healthy people get the pathogen in this way.
If we talk about the risk zone, then this can include:
- Men with a homosexual disposition.
- Young people who started sex at an early age.
- Those who often change partners.
- People whose partner is infected with herpes, chlamydia, or trichomoniasis.
The least common is the contact-household transmission of the virus. Usually this happens when using someone else's towel or linen, which is tight to the body. There are cases when the disease was transmitted after visiting a public place. It is about a bath, a sauna and a pool. This is because human saliva and urine contain a certain amount of pathogenic microbes.
Quite often, condylomas can be found in children, especially at a young age. This phenomenon is explained by the transmission of the virus from mother to child. During childbirth, the fetus inhales pathogens, so growths form in the larynx. If a child and an infected adult use the same hygiene products, then the chance of infection becomes significantly higher.
To prevent the spread of this virus, it is recommended to visit a gynecologist and urologist. These specialists will prescribe an appropriate examination and help identify pathology at the initial stage of development. If you have a regular partner, then both must be tested.
Symptoms
The human papilloma virus manifests itself in the form of genital warts, which can be seen in the genital area and anal opening. They are single and group. Their appearance resembles a wart, which has a flesh color. In some cases, they begin to grow and resemble a cauliflower inflorescence. If we talk about the size of genital warts, then usually it ranges from a millimeter to a couple of centimeters.
In the male body, condylomas appear on the penis, and for women, spread in the region of the labia and near the external opening of the urethra is characteristic. Also, growths are found inside the vagina and on the surface of the cervix.
The anus can be prone to the appearance of genital warts not only in the female sex, but also in the male. The article above presents enlarged photos of a candil. The virus in men and women manifests itself almost identically.
The state of immunity completely affects the appearance and further development of genital warts. For example, in some patients they remain for a long time, while in others, on the contrary, they disappear without any treatment. In fact, condylomas are considered very dangerous and unpleasant, since patients can not lead a full sexual life. Such growths provoke a feeling of discomfort and, with minor damage, begin to bleed. If a woman is going to become a mother, then this will significantly interfere with the normal course of labor. How else are the symptoms of the virus manifested?
Candilomas in women (photos of growths are presented in the article) can be located on the cervix. This is the main symptom of an infectious disease in the acute or chronic stage.
Diagnostics
Each patient with suspected papillomavirus infection is first sent for a clinical examination. If typical forms of genital warts appeared on the body, then the specialist will not deal with the determination of the strain. If there is a suspicion of such condylomas, then the doctor must first exclude the presence of other diseases. A similar symptomatology is characteristic of syphilis and wide genital warts. Typically, the survey includes several basic steps, presented below:
- Advanced colposcopy and urethroscopy are performed.
- A smear is taken in the cervical canal to detect the presence of atypical cells (helps to exclude cervical dysplasia).
- Histology is performed.
- Diagnosis for the detection of HPV by PCR is prescribed.
- A comprehensive study of immunity is being conducted to detect the presence of antibodies to HPV.
If it is established that the patient has this disease in the body, then the doctor will send him for blood donation without fail. This is necessary to see the presence of syphilis, HIV and other sexually transmitted infections.
Treatment
If we talk about the treatment of candidiasis virus in women and men, then in modern medicine there are several directions:
- Removal of the growth directly, since the virus is in it.
- Influence on the causative agent of the disease.
- Strengthening immunity.
Now science does not stand still, therefore in medicine several methods have appeared for the removal of genital warts. The most popular is the use of liquid nitrogen, due to which it is possible to freeze papillomas on the skin of the labia, penis and groin. After some time, the growth simply disappears, and in its place there are no traces left. Of course, the effectiveness of this method has already been repeatedly proven, but it is important that the procedure is carried out by an experienced specialist.
To quickly burn papillomas, you can use alkali or acid with a high concentration. A wound remains on the skin, but it passes very quickly. When performing this procedure, special care should be taken and only be trusted by a doctor.
Superchistotel
The drug "Superchistotel" is sold in the pharmacy. It contains substances that make it very aggressive. Experts recommend using such a tool only when removing simple warts, but for the groin area it is strictly prohibited.
Ferezol
To remove the papillomas in the bikini area, it is best to choose “Ferezol”. It includes components that have a milder effect on the skin. This means that the appearance of scars is completely excluded.
Solkoderm
Solcoderm contains acetic, oxalic and nitric acids. With their help, it is possible to completely burn out the growth tissue. Of course, do not forget about precautions. For example, before applying the product, it is recommended to protect healthy skin with a regular cream. The drug is applied only once directly to the growth, and only a drop is enough. If the size of the papilloma is too large, then you can increase the dose to 2 or 3 drops. The fluid should cover the entire surface of the condyloma, but not leak out of it. A break in treatment is done for 7 days, if necessary, repeat the manipulation.
"Condilinus"
"Condilin" includes an active component that can delay cell division and destroy them. For example, if you apply it to a problem area of the skin, then the papilloma will significantly decrease in size. The drug has a strong effect, so it is important to protect healthy areas from its effects. The treatment process should be completely controlled by the doctor. Usually, the drug is applied twice a day dropwise and left for several minutes until completely dry. Re-processing is carried out after three days, after which a break is made for 4 days.
Other methods
Very often, doctors recommend that their patients remove condylomas with a laser. This procedure does not cause severe pain and does not leave any scars.
In modern medicine, condylomas are destroyed thanks to an electric knife. To do this, the surgeon first performs anesthesia with novocaine, and then uses the main tool. Surgical intervention cannot be called too simple, and subsequently scars may remain on the skin surface.
The procedure for excising condylomas using high-frequency radio waves has a high price, but it's worth it. After it there are no complications.
The obsolete method is the use of a scalpel. Now it is used in extreme cases, when the growths are too large. Such an operation requires local anesthesia or general anesthesia. At the end, the skin is sutured with special threads.
Medicines
In addition to removing papillomas on the skin, it is required to work on this problem from the inside. For this purpose, special drugs are prescribed that are able to cope with the virus:
- "Isoprinosine" is drunk three times a day, 2 tablets each (course of treatment from 14 to 28 days).
- Allokin-alpha is available in ampoules and in powder form. Intramuscularly administered once every 2 days (the course of treatment is 6 injections).
- Epigen spray is suitable for spraying genital warts up to 4 times a day (the duration of the course is chosen by the doctor).
- "Panavir" is available in various forms, the choice depends on the place of distribution of papillomas.
- Aldara cream is one of the most expensive products, but it provides a lasting and quick result.
In the presence of genital warts, do not forget about drugs that can strengthen the immune system. The group of such medicines includes a large number of items, so everyone will be able to choose an option in accordance with an affordable price. The main thing is that you cannot self-medicate, any medicine should be prescribed by a doctor:
- Immunal tablets are prescribed 4 times a day, 1 each (the course can last up to 2 months).
- Powdered Reaferon is first diluted with half a teaspoon of water and drunk half an hour before meals (course should be at least 10 days).
- Candles "Polyoxidonium" is inserted inside the rectum or vagina, and this is best done before bedtime (course is at least 10 pieces).
Below are other recommendations of specialists:
- The therapeutic method should act as an adjunct to the surgical one (this will help avoid the reappearance of papillomas).
- Relapse occurs in about 30% of cases, especially after removal of genital warts.
- Growths rarely disappear on their own, but it is important to constantly strengthen the immune system.
- Inside the papilloma is a huge number of viruses, so you need to get rid of them.
Prevention
Prevention of genital warts is quite simple, you must follow these recommendations:
- First of all, it is necessary to understand the fact that sexual contact should occur with only one person. If a frequent change of partners occurs, then this increases the risk of infection.
- Do not forget about the rules of personal hygiene, you must regularly take a bath or shower, monitor the cleanliness of intimate places, and also do not forget to change underwear.
- In order to keep human health at an altitude, it is necessary to monitor the immune system. In order for immunity to be strong, it is necessary to lead a healthy lifestyle. Proper nutrition is also important, the use of vitamins helps to maintain immunity, harmful addictions negatively affect the immune system, and it is destroyed.
- Do not forget that vaccination is carried out against the most dangerous types of papillomavirus.
The disease itself is extremely unpleasant and dangerous, because it can lead to serious consequences and even, in advanced cases, to death.