The inflammatory process that affects the mucosa of the frontal sinus is called "frontal sinusitis." It occurs, as a rule, with the penetration of a viral or bacterial infection.
Through the fronto-nasal canal, the frontal sinuses communicate with the nasal, into which the infection penetrates. As a rule, this occurs during a period when the immune system is weakened, against the background of influenza, acute respiratory viral infections, rhinitis, scarlet fever and other diseases. In addition, infection can also occur through the bloodstream, also causing inflammation of the frontal sinuses.
The causes of the development of the disease should also include damage (injury) to the nose. As a rule, they occur in professional athletes.
Among the factors predisposing to the development of frontal sinusitis, it is necessary to name allergic rhinitis (runny nose), birth defects in the development of structures of the nasal cavity, proliferation of a polypous nature in the nasal passages. Another reason is the incorrect process of blowing (cleansing of the nasal passages must be carried out in turn, first holding one nostril, and then the second).
Symptoms of frontal sinusitis may vary depending on the nature of the course of the disease.
So, the acute condition is accompanied by an increase in temperature to 38-39 degrees, bursting with pain in the region of the orbits, forehead. Soreness may increase with pressure and tilting the head, and also give to the occipital and temporal part. After blowing, the headache may subside. Acute frontal sinusitis is characterized by a unilateral disorder of nasal breathing, a violation of smell, and the sensitivity of the eyes to light may increase. Along with this, the skin in the corners of the eyes and above the sinuses swell and blush. In addition, weakness, lethargy is noted.
Chronic frontal sinusitis manifests itself in almost the same way as acute. However, the difference lies in the severity of the signs. So, the pain is more intense, it can be oppressive or aching. A distinctive feature of the chronic form is mucosal hypertrophy in the middle of the nasal passage. In this section, the maxillary cavity, frontal sinus, as well as the anterior cells in the labyrinth of the ethmoid bone are connected . In addition, with chronic frontitis, polyps form in the nasal cavity, pus with an unpleasant odor is almost constantly released.
If the acute period lasts more than one and a half months, the disease takes on a chronic form. This is due to persistent impaired patency in the fronto-nasal canal.
Treatment of frontal sinusitis, both acute and chronic, begins with the use of conservative methods. Therapy is carried out in a specialized hospital (ENT hospital).
Treatment of frontal sinusitis using conservative methods is aimed at achieving an unhindered outflow of the contents of the nasal sinuses. For these purposes, vasoconstrictor drugs are used. Medicines are instilled into the nose. In addition, the treatment of frontitis involves the use of antibiotics with a wide range of effects, as well as heating. In the absence of a therapeutic effect from the above measures, potent drugs, electrophoresis, laser procedures, hormonal agents, cuckoo rinsing are prescribed.
If none of the conservative methods gave a result, then treatment of frontal sinusitis is carried out surgically. Previously, the operation was a trepanopuncture. In modern medicine, they often resort to more gentle methods, in particular, puncture with a Kassirsky needle.
Treatment of frontitis at home is most effective with inhalation.
To do this, it is recommended to use boiled potatoes (in uniform). After cooking, the water should be drained, the tubers slightly knead. Cover yourself with a towel and breathe over the steam. Inhalations are recommended for seven to ten days every other day.
Procedures can be carried out using propolis tincture. To do this, half a spoon (tea) of the drug is poured into boiled water.
When carrying out inhalations, it is preferable to breathe through the nose.