In vitro fertilization has become increasingly popular among couples in recent years. Reproductologists resort to the services if for a long time it is not possible to conceive a baby or if fertilization does not occur for some good reason. During in vitro fertilization, the female body undergoes hormonal correction. One of the important stages of this scheme is blastocyst transfer. It is about him that the article will be discussed. You will learn how blastocyst transfer occurs in the cryoprotocol, short or long protocol. Also find out what sensations a woman may experience after him. It is worth noting that the outcome of events can be both positive and negative.
Blastocyst transfer in IVF: a bit of theory
In the period of preparation for in vitro fertilization, the woman’s body is subjected to severe stresses. Medications stimulate the ovaries. They grow not one or two, but many dominant follicles. Shortly before ovulation, they are extracted using modern medical methods. Further, under special conditions, they are fertilized by male cells.
A few years ago, doctors were sure that they needed to plant three-day embryos. This opinion was formed because a day later most of the cells simply died. Laboratory assistants and reproductologists could not create the appropriate conditions for their survival. Now, with the help of new techniques and materials, blastocyst transfer can be performed. This is a set of cells that developed in vitro within five days.
Advantages and disadvantages
Most doctors, geneticists and reproductologists say that blastocyst transfer is about 60 percent success. While three-day-old embryos are likely to gain a foothold in the reproductive organ by only 30 percent. Why is there such a distinction? Everything is very simple.
After the transfer, the blastocyst is ready to immediately invade the endometrium, that is, to implant. Three-day embryos with natural fertilization are still in the fallopian tube. To get to the uterus, they need another two days on average. That is why in such situations there is a risk of failure.
The undoubted advantage of blastocyst transfer is a high probability of a successful outcome. However, there are also disadvantages to manipulation. Some laboratories are not able to create conditions for the survival of embryos in this state. Therefore, some of them die on the fourth day. Reproductologists also note that the same probability of survival would be in the uterine cavity if three-day-olds were planted. A blastocyst is a set of cells ready to hatch from its membrane and implant into the uterus. At this stage of embryo development, there are more chances to detect any abnormalities.
Blastocyst cryotransport: implantation
Often, when a large number of eggs are received, the fertilized embryos freeze. Usually this procedure is carried out on the third day. However, under certain conditions, freezing can also be carried out with a blastocyst. The storage conditions for embryos with five-day development are the same as in three-day-olds.
When there is a need for their use, the cells undergo a reverse transformation and are introduced into the uterus of a woman. Blastocyst implantation in a cryoprotocol has the same probability as in a conventional one. Only the conditions for training a woman change in this situation.
How is the procedure performed?
After the eggs are extracted from the woman’s body, their reverse transplantation occurs exactly after 5 days. Blastocyst transfer is carried out, hCG - injection is administered immediately. After this, the woman should be at rest for some time. Most transfers are performed under mild analgesia. If necessary, then a woman’s condition is monitored through ultrasound diagnostics. Can a blastocyst share after transfer? It is theoretically possible. After all, after replanting, the cells undergo an important stage - hatching. Only after that they are implanted in the uterus. However, this outcome is very rare.
After the manipulation, the patient carefully monitors her sensations. Also, a woman must comply with her prescribed regimen and take medications. Most of them are hormones. What are the feelings with a good combination of circumstances? Consider below.
Positive pregnancy test
When do tests after blastocyst transfer occur? Each woman asks this question after in vitro fertilization. You can see a positive pregnancy test result immediately after manipulation. However, this will not mean that you are pregnant. It is worth clarifying this situation a bit.
After a blastocyst transplant, a woman is injected with a chorionic gonadotropin injection. This hormone begins to be produced independently during natural pregnancy immediately after fertilization. It prepares the endometrium and uterus for a new condition. And it is precisely to him that most pregnancy tests respond. In other words, the study will show you the presence of this hormone in the body. However, this will only be a reaction to the injection. Gradually, artificial hCG is excreted, and when implantation occurs, its own substance begins to be produced. This happens approximately on the 7-10th day after the transfer. That's when you can get a true pregnancy test result with a 70 percent probability.
Toxicosis
The feelings of successful blastocyst transfer are not much different from ordinary pregnancy. After implantation, a woman may feel mild nausea and dizziness. Many future mothers complain of weakness and fainting. The engorgement of the mammary glands also occurs, and their sensitivity increases. All these are indirect signs of pregnancy.
It is worth noting that a woman can sometimes feel all the described symptoms only because of the development of side effects. After all, the expectant mother at this stage of planning has to take many drugs, most of which are hormones.
How does chorionic gonadotropin behave?
You already know that immediately after blastocyst transfer, a woman is given an injection containing hCG. If you take a blood test to determine the hormone on the next day, then you will get an unreliable result. However, immediately after implantation, its gonadotropin begins to be produced. That is why it is possible to learn about a successful outcome only with regular research. Using a comparative analysis, you can determine how fast the hCG level is increasing or decreasing .
Doctors strongly do not recommend conducting such examinations. After all, this can lead to unnecessary feelings and stress. After in vitro fertilization, a woman needs peace and positive emotions. Doctors recommend donating blood to establish chorionic gonadotropin in it only 10 days after the transfer.
Additional signs
- With a positive outcome, a woman may feel some other signs. The main one is the absence of menstruation. The representative of the weaker sex knows exactly when the eggs were removed from her ovaries. Bleeding can occur on average 10-14 days after this.
- Drawing pains in the lower abdomen and lower back can indicate a positive outcome or be a sign of imminent menstruation. All these symptoms are very doubtful.
- Discharges from the genital tract with a successful outcome change their character. They become more like a thick cream. The color of the mucus is white or transparent. It is from these secretions that a cork will be formed in the future, protecting the embryo from external influences and microbes.
- Accurately determine a successful outcome can be an ultrasound scan. However, it is produced only three weeks after the transfer.
Conclusion
You have learned about blastocyst transfer in IVF. As you can see, with this technique, the probability of a positive outcome is higher. That is why it is necessary to consult with several specialists and find out the scheme of their work. Listen to yourself, and your heart will surely tell you about the positive result of the protocol. Good luck!