Novice gardeners should know what conditions are needed for seed germination. Land and water alone are not enough to prepare future seedlings. The surrounding space should correspond to the life parameters of a particular plant. In nature, take into account the time of year, the terrain, and also mount greenhouses if necessary.
Environment and region
Before you begin to determine what conditions are needed for seed germination, you need to find out if the plant is able to live in this area. You can grow it at home, but suddenly it stretches to a huge size ... Therefore, you need to familiarize yourself with the description of the properties of the selected culture and the characteristics of planting. The structure of the soil, the number of irrigations per day, the addition of fertilizing to the soil are taken into account.
Often these points differ when considering what conditions are needed for the germination of seeds of exotic plants. In the northern regions, they can grow only in a greenhouse. In the southern nature is more favorable, they can be planted in open beds. But no one will be able to guarantee normal growth if the required requirements are not followed.
In the latter case, another factor plays an important role - the number of sunny days in a year. This is not forgotten to consider when considering what conditions are needed for seed germination. Therefore, the planting place is equipped with special fluorescent lamps that perform an additional function - heating the soil. Temperature is very important when getting small shoots of a new plant.
What is needed?
Consider what factors are important for seed germination at home. Not every plant grows even with proper care. By creating the necessary conditions, they increase their chances of survival. For intensive growth requires:
- Fertile soil - sold in a specialized department of a gardener in hypermarkets or a flower shop. It must meet the safety requirements for humans, to be treated from pathogens. Often the composition of the mixture is described on the package.
- Certain temperatures are often higher than room temperature.
- The air is clean, untagged.
- The lack of nearby powerful emitters of electromagnetic and thermal waves.
- Adequate amount of sunlight or artificial light per day.
- Nutrition of the soil with water and minerals.
Air
Seed germination conditions necessarily imply the presence of oxygen. He is involved in the metabolic processes of all living cells. For plants, its presence is vital. Sprouts are pulled from the ground, consuming a huge amount of air. With its shortage, the process of cell development slows down significantly, and with its complete absence, plant necrosis can begin.
Oxygen is important not only for plants, but also for any living creature. It is not recommended to use candles and other open flames in a room with seedlings. If you have to do this, you should often air the room. When the soil is covered with a film, do not clog the seedlings tightly. Air must flow to the surface of the soil.
Shine
The sun's rays are the basis of all life on Earth. All plants tend up to the sun, and the growth rate depends on the constancy of lighting. For seed germination, this factor must be considered. Special lamps are produced that are substitutes for natural light.
At night, plants produce carbon dioxide. Therefore, it is not recommended to place seedlings in dormitory rooms. With a large number of indoor plants in the morning, the head often suffers from a lack of oxygen. It is necessary to ensure a constant flow of air to the soil with seeds.
In complete darkness, some plant growth is still observed. But the resulting sprouts are not capable of further fully developing. They become fragile, lifeless. The color of their leaves is closer to yellowish than to green.
Water
What does biology say? Germination of seeds is arranged in such a way that the main forces for cell division are scooped from water. Chemical processes can not take place without liquid, so you should planly water the seedlings. Often seeds are allowed to germinate without land, in water. This process is shorter. As soon as the first roots appeared, the resulting seedlings are planted in the soil.
The plant consists, like the human body, mostly of water. It nourishes the cells with the necessary minerals, participates in the metabolism and growth processes, removes decay products. Thanks to the liquid, the nutrients dissolve in the soil. But under the influence of heat, seeds can germinate even at the storage stage.
To do this, they need high humidity, light and a comfortable temperature. However, in the memory of plants is a mechanism that perceives the seasons. So, during the thaw in the spring, seeds begin to grow even in the complete darkness of the basement. They are able to perceive the change of seasons.
Warmly
Active growth occurs when the temperature for seed germination is above 20 degrees Celsius, ideally not lower than 25. Cold prolongs the process of growing seedlings. The southern regions are rich in vegetation, its diversity is sometimes amazing. This is due to the warm climate, providing intensive cell growth.
In the northern regions, vegetation freezes with the advent of cold weather. Only with the arrival of heat does everything come to life again. The room always has a plus temperature, so the main concern is ensuring the right lighting. The effect of low temperatures can be checked by placing the seed jar in the refrigerator. The process of their growth will slow down significantly.
If under the influence of warm sunlight the first sprouts appear the next day or in the evening, then in a cold place, at a temperature not exceeding +3 degrees, the first signs of growth can be seen only after five days.
Additional measures
The conditions for seed germination must be observed in any case, then it will take a minimum of time to get healthy seedlings. Additional measures are the creation of a favorable soil composition for the growth of a particular plant species. Some cultures require a specific (neutral, slightly acidic or other) environment for growth. Here the pH value matters. More often its value ranges from 5 to 8.
Plants do not like stagnation of water, therefore, watering seeds abundantly is not recommended. The removal of excess moisture from the soil is taken into account. Small holes are made at the bottom of the pots. The upper soil layers are periodically loosened for oxygen to penetrate the earth compacted by water.