The structure of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, the scheme of which consists of several levels, is formed in such a way that the implementation of the functions of this institution is carried out as efficiently as possible. The main tasks of the system include the development and implementation of state policy and legal regulation in the field of internal affairs, including migration. Let us further consider what constitutes the structure of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. The layout of its elements, tasks and functions that the system performs are described later in the article.
General information
What are the elements of the structure of the Ministry of Internal Affairs? The scheme includes:
- General Directorates for Federal Districts.
- Ministry of Internal Affairs of the republics.
- The main departments of other entities of the country, including cities of federal significance.
- Air traffic departments in air, rail and water transport.
- Directorates in administrative-territorial formations of closed type, sensitive and especially important facilities.
- Military units and formations of the armed forces.
- Representative offices abroad.
- Other organizations and staff divisions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, formed in the manner determined by law to implement the relevant tasks.
Key principles
They influence the order in which the structure of the Ministry of Internal Affairs is formed. The layout of the elements of the institute provides constant internal interaction. This, in turn, contributes to the most effective implementation of the tasks. The structure of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation operates in accordance with the principles of:
- Respect for and respect for the freedoms and rights of individuals and citizens.
- Humanism.
- Legality.
- Combinations of unspoken and vowels and methods.
- Interactions with state and regional authorities, local authorities, public organizations and representative offices of foreign countries.
Tasks
The structure of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation is formed for:
- Development and implementation of the strategy within the framework of the general state domestic policy.
- Improvement of regulatory regulation.
- Ensuring the protection of the freedoms and rights of individuals and citizens within their powers.
- Warning, identification, suppression of administrative offenses.
- Law enforcement and road safety.
- Exercise control over the circulation of weapons.
- State property protection.
- Office of the Department of Internal Affairs, internal troops, organization of their work.
Institute characteristics
The concept of "internal affairs" of a country can be considered both broadly and narrowly. In the first case, they involve the work of state authorities in the political, social, economic and other spheres of the country's life. In a narrow sense, internal affairs are understood as ensuring public order, the safety of citizens, the protection of existing forms of ownership, and the fight against crime. The structure of the Ministry of Internal Affairs is a federal executive institution of power. He is subordinate to the president on issues that fall under his jurisdiction, as well as the government. In its activities, the Institute is guided by constitutional provisions, the norms of other laws, decrees, orders of the highest authorities, generally recognized principles, international treaties. The key act determining the order in which the organizational structure of the Ministry of Internal Affairs is formed, its tasks, powers and functions, is the Regulation on the Ministry of Internal Affairs.
Management team
The structure of the Ministry of Internal Affairs includes senior officials. They are the minister, the first and other deputies. The indicated persons are appointed to posts and dismissed on the proposal of the government by the president of the country. The minister bears individual responsibility for the implementation of tasks that are performed by the structure of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. The management of the sphere of internal affairs is carried out directly and centrally. The latter is a governing influence on the ministry itself, the Main Directorate of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and regional administrations and, through them, on the district and city departments. Direct management and coordination of activities are carried out in relation to bodies, services that are subordinate. These, in particular, include airborne transport authorities, research institutions, internal troops, district military and material supply departments, and other divisions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation.
The main directions of work
Guided by the objective laws of the development of society, given the economic and social, as well as the criminal situation in the country, we can say that the structure of the Ministry of Internal Affairs consists of the following bodies:
- Defining the strategy of the entire institute as a whole and its individual elements in particular.
- Implementing activities aimed at improving the regulatory framework, organizational structure, personnel activities, research, generalization and use of scientific recommendations and best practices.
- Developing a service methodology.
- Analyzing the operational situation and predicting its condition.
- Developing activities of a preventive (warning) nature.
- Providing coordination of work of bodies of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, services and departments.
Staffing
Like the structure of the institute, it is approved by the president. In particular, by presidential decree of July 19, 2004, it is allowed to have two deputy ministers in the ministry, one of whom may be the first deputy. It is also allowed to form up to 15 departments that carry out activities in key areas, the Investigative Committee, as well as the Main Command of the VD. The change in the structure of the Ministry of Internal Affairs is also under the responsibility of the president. A more detailed composition and staffing for each department, etc., regulations on departments and other elements of the system are approved in the orders of the minister.
Central office
It is key in system management. The central apparatus carries out the development of the main directions of work of all elements of the ministry. Here the main links of the system are formed, their goals and objectives, as well as ways to achieve and implement them, are determined. In accordance with the order of the Minister of Internal Affairs No. 730 of November 10, 2004, the structure of the Ministry of Internal Affairs is formed by the following departments:
- Administrative.
- State property protection.
- Staffing.
- Road safety.
- Counterterrorism and Organized Crime.
- Law enforcement at sensitive and closed facilities.
- Own security.
- Law enforcement in transport.
- The rear.
- For the maintenance of public order.
- Criminal Investigation.
- Economic security.
- Organizational and Inspection.
- Legal.
- Financial and economic.
The Ministry of Internal Affairs acts as a legal entity. The organization has a seal that depicts the state emblem and its name.
Structure of the Main Directorate of the Ministry of Internal Affairs
The formation by the president of the federal districts caused transformations in the entire system of executive power. Reforms, respectively, entailed a change in the structure of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. By presidential decree No. 644 of June 4, 2001, in particular, it was determined that the district offices of the ministry are the Main Directorates for Federal District. The head of the country determined that the main tasks of the Main Directorate of the Ministry of Internal Affairs are:
- Control, analysis and coordination of the work of the bodies of the Ministry of Internal Affairs in the respective districts.
- Organization of the work of the Department of Internal Affairs in the fight against crime, which is organized and interregional in nature.
- Ensuring the interaction of the VD bodies with the authorized representatives of the Head of State in the respective districts.
The Minister, in pursuance of the presidential decree, approved the provisions in accordance with which the structure of the Ministry of Internal Affairs units in each federal district was established.
System Elements of Headquarters
The structure of the divisions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs includes a management apparatus. It includes the head of the department and formed during it:
- Secretariat.
- Group of interaction with the Ministry of Internal Affairs.
- Press Service
- Legal Support Group.
- Human Resources Department.
- OSB.
Administrative staff
The head of the Main Directorate is allowed to have 3 deputies. The first subdivisions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs in the Federal District obey:
- By coordination analysis.
- On interaction with public organizations and authorities.
- On control and interaction with ATS.
The composition also includes:
- Organizational and planning department.
- The duty part.
- Information and analytical department.
The second deputy is the head of the operational investigative service. The departments are subordinate to him:
- Analysis and information.
- On counteraction to interregional criminal groups.
- To combat terrorist manifestations and kidnappings.
- On counteraction to economic crimes.
- Anti-corruption.
The third deputy is the deputy head of the rear. He is responsible for the activities of the departments of economic, financial, economic and material and technical support, the auto fleet and the curfew department.
Important point
Candidates for senior positions of the Main Directorates of the VD for Federal District are approved upon presentation of the Minister by the President of the country. A similar procedure applies to the dismissal procedure. The formation of GU is carried out in the framework of the total staff of the VD bodies.
City and district authorities
In carrying out its activities, each line department is guided by the provisions of the Constitution, federal laws and other industry normative acts of regional bodies of state power, local self-government and other documents. The functions of district and city bodies act as the main directions of their work. By implementing them, they provide a solution to the tasks assigned to the VD system. The structure of divisions includes:
- Head and his deputies.
- Services providing and basic functions.
- Headquarters performing management tasks.
The latter collects and summarizes information about the state of the operational situation within the jurisdiction, prepares draft work plans, administrative decisions, and monitors the implementation of legislative provisions and departmental acts. Industry functions are performed by:
- Criminal police of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia.
- Criminal investigation.
- Economic Crime Service.
- PPP.
- STSI.
- Service for licensing and permitting work and monitoring the implementation of security and private detective activities.
- Public Security Units.
- Services to ensure and coordinate the activities of authorized precinct.
As independent services are the investigative departments. Support functions are assigned to personnel, service and rear groups, the technical department, and the financial part. When ATS is formed service of private security. It acts as a legal entity and has its own seal with the state emblem, a current account in a banking organization, an independent balance sheet.
Ministry Powers
The Ministry of the Interior is responsible for:
- The formation of key areas for the implementation of state policy in the field of migration, public security and law enforcement.
- Development and submission to the government and the president of draft federal laws, acts and other documents that require appropriate approval.
- Making decisions on issues related to the field of internal affairs.
- Determination of the main directions of work of the police department and internal troops, coordination of their activities.
- Summarizing the practice of applying legislative provisions, performing an analysis of the implementation of state policy, developing measures to increase the efficiency of the functioning of the Ministry of Internal Affairs system.
- Participation in the creation of targeted federal programs within its competence.
- Preparation of draft reviews and opinions on legislative and other regulatory acts.
- Development and implementation of measures to improve the system of law enforcement in the country.
Practical activities
The Ministry of Internal Affairs organizes and implements in accordance with the rules established by law:
- Preliminary investigation and inquiry.
- Operational-search activity.
- Search for stolen property and persons.
- Forensic science activities.
- Monitoring the turnover of service and civilian weapons, the safety and technical condition of firearms that are temporarily used by legal entities performing special statutory tasks, and compliance with the relevant legislation.
- Licensing of a certain category of activity.
- Issuance of permits for the acquisition, carrying, storage and use of weapons and ammunition, their transportation, import into and export from the country.
- Control of private security and detective activities.
- Issuance of permits for the transportation of explosives of industrial use by all means of transport.
- Protection of sensitive and critical facilities, special cargo, property of organizations and citizens under contracts, consular posts and diplomatic missions in the country.
- Organization of administrative proceedings within the competence of the Ministry of Internal Affairs.
- Providing state protection for judges, employees of regulatory and law enforcement agencies, security of participants in criminal proceedings and their loved ones.
- Fingerprint registration.
- Ensuring martial law and state of emergency upon their introduction on the territory of the country or in its individual areas, carrying out measures to prevent and liquidate emergencies.
- Organization and provision of mobilization training, monitoring and coordination of the work of the FMS in this area.
- Participation in the territorial defense of Russia in cooperation with the Armed Forces, other troops and units that protect the state.
- Ensuring the implementation of measures for civil defense, increasing the stability of the functioning of the airborne forces, the FMS and internal troops in wartime, as well as in the event of an emergency.
- Participation in ensuring the fulfillment by citizens of the military duty established for them, organization and keeping records of military-liable entities in the established manner.
- Organization of special transportation within Russia in the interests of ATS, on the basis of government decisions and interdepartmental agreements.
- Participation in work on standardization, certification and metrology.
- Ensuring the implementation of statistical observations in accordance with the official methodology.
- Organization of personnel work, retraining, training, advanced training, internship of employees, development and implementation of measures for social and legal protection of employees.
- Development and implementation of medical, preventive, health-improving, sanatorium-resort and rehabilitation measures aimed at improving the health of officials and their relatives, pensioners of the FMS system and the Ministry of Internal Affairs, as well as other persons whose provision is under the responsibility of the Ministry.
Service Functions
The powers of the Ministry of Internal Affairs include:
- ATS and internal troops with special, military and encryption equipment, ammunition, weapons, other material and technical means, financing from the federal budget.
- Holding tenders and concluding government contracts for placing orders for the production of works, the provision of services and the supply of goods for the needs of the Ministry of Internal Affairs system.
- Implementation of scientific and technical developments, positive experience in the work of the police department and internal troops, the development of automated control and communications.
The Ministry develops and implements measures to develop and strengthen the material and technical support of the VD bodies and internal troops, and is involved in organizing and improving the supply of the FMS. The Ministry of Internal Affairs may also perform other functions if they are provided for by the provisions of constitutional and other federal laws, acts of the government and the president of the country. Control over the activities of departments is carried out by the ministries of the republics, territories, regions, cities of federal significance, autonomous okrugs / regions, as well as bodies included in the local government system within the framework of the powers granted to them by law. Heads and deputies of departments are individually responsible for their activities. For violations of the requirements of the law, provisions of regulations and instructions, disciplinary, administrative or criminal penalties are provided.