Everyone who has ever studied chemistry (starting from school and finishing with graduate school) has at least once come across such a concept as "hydrochloride". The formula of such a substance also once, but met. Rarely, who not only does not know what this substance is, but also does not remember that he met such a concept at one time in chemistry classes. What is hydrochloride? The chemical formula and properties of the substance will be considered in this article.
Hydrochloric acid
It is necessary to understand what hydrochloric acid is before knowing what an acid salt of hydrochloric acid (hydrochloride) is. The formula is presented below.
This acid has several names: hydrochloric (acids consisting of a hydrogen atom and an atom of another element are called hydrogen: hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen fluoride, etc.), hydrogen chloride, "hodgepodge" (this is more likely a slang name), hydrochloric. Salts of hydrogen chloride are called "chloride", and acidic salts are called "hydrochloride".
The formula of the chlorides is quite simple: [element] - Cl. It is necessary to consider the degree of the element. For example, in aluminum it is equal to +3, aluminum chloride AlCl3. So, with the acid and its salts, everything is clear. Now you need to talk about hydrochlorides.
Acidic hydrochloric acid salts
It must be clarified that hydrochlorides are not exactly salts of hydrochloric acid. In this case, the hydrogen cation forms a complex compound with the base molecule. The name "hydrochlorides" is common in organic chemistry, inorganic is commonly called "chlorides". A striking example is ammonium chloride - it does not occur to anyone to call it "ammonia hydrochloride."
The formula (we are talking about hydrochlorides) has the general form: [base] * HCl. Most acidic hydrochloric acid salts are colorless crystals. If such a compound has a color, then this means that the base with which the complex is formed gives the crystals a certain color. Hydrochlorides are very widely used in pharmaceutical production.
The use of hydrochlorides
Many drugs are made on the basis of acid salts of hydrochloric acid. Examples of hydrochloride substances include polyhexamethylene guanidine, phenylpropanolamine, glucosamine. However, this is not a complete list. Preparations based on these substances are used to treat the spine and joints, to destroy microbes, and to fight inflammatory processes (in the upper respiratory tract, including chronic diseases). This is not the whole range of areas of drug use, but only a small fraction of them.
Vitamin B6
It is no secret that vitamin B6 is one of the most important vitamins that a person needs for normal life. Its lack causes headache, fatigue, various skin diseases, disruption of blood vessels, etc.
One of the forms of vitamin B6 is pyridoxine (the three most common forms are pyridoxine, pyridoxal, pyridoxamine). In drugs, it can be found under the name pyridoxine hydrochloride. The formula of the pyridoxine substance itself is given below.
Vitamin B6 is also used as an antidote for hydrazine poisoning.
Conclusion
So, there are not only inorganic salts of hydrochloric acid, but also organic, which are complex compounds. The most common use of hydrochlorides in pharmacology: a great many drugs are made on their basis or with the content of these substances. However, the use of these drugs requires special care not to exceed the dosage prescribed by a specialist. And in no case should you take drugs simultaneously with alcohol.