Despite the fact that at present the number of patients with tuberculosis has significantly decreased, a huge number of people still suffer from this disease, which has serious consequences. Mycobacteria, which are also called Koch's bacillus , are called by the name of the discoverer. In recent years, treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis has a high efficiency, ending positively in 95% of cases.
Since the forms of the disease differ from each other, the drugs and preparations can be different. However, treatment principles are most often maintained. This is a medical-protective regime, a rational diet, physical therapy exercises, aerotherapy. Since the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis is a long process, which can sometimes take years, it is carried out on an outpatient basis or in sanatorium-and-spa institutions. In most cases, hospitalization is required for patients with a severe form of the disease, and in case of excretion of mycobacteria with sputum (in order to protect the person’s environment from infection).
If we talk about diet, then it is individual, and depends, first of all, on the intensity of the process and possible complications characteristic of other organs. At the same time, the basis should be an increase in the consumption of animal proteins, dairy products, vegetable and butter, fresh vegetables containing the necessary vitamins are useful.
Physiotherapy, one of the methods used to treat pulmonary tuberculosis, is based on the use of physical factors, such as ultrasound, various types of radiation (ultraviolet, infrared, etc.), magnetic field, laser, etc. Electrophoresis is used for this disease. infrared laser, inhalation, magnetic and light therapy.
Speaking about how to treat pulmonary tuberculosis, one should not forget about the use of medicines. Most often, one anti-TB drug is not enough, so they are prescribed about 4-5 at a time. In addition, the patient needs medications that increase immunity, and vitamins that help strengthen the body. Treatment should be carried out systematically, in no case should it be interrupted.
Depending on the intensity of the disease, especially in severe forms and hemoptysis, bed rest is prescribed, which must be observed without fail. After the patient is recovering, he needs a fairly large amount of oxygen.
There are cases when the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis is carried out surgically, that is, the affected part of this organ is removed. For this, there should be such indications as complication of focal lesion, suspicion of development of a neoplasm against the background of the disease, the presence of foci that are caused by atypical mycobacteria (in the case when they are resistant to drug treatment). Surgery is usually combined with intensive drug therapy. Improper treatment can translate a mild illness into intractable, antibiotic-resistant tuberculosis. If a disease in the active stage is discontinued, then a fatal outcome in the next few years or a transition to a chronic form is possible.
If pulmonary tuberculosis is suspected, treatment should be prescribed by a TB doctor. He prescribes certain drugs and additional therapy, depending on the results of the tests and the individual characteristics of the patient. It must be remembered that following the recommendations of a medical professional and consulting with him in case of deterioration of health or complications, there is every chance to defeat this disease as soon as possible.