The capital of the Chuvash Republic - Cheboksary, is considered one of the most beautiful cities in Russia. And there is confirmation of this. The city is not very large in size (area in the urban district - 250 sq. Km) and sparsely populated (population - 470 thousand people), but it impresses with its beauty, clean streets, fountains and squares.
Mentions
The first mention of this city, located on the banks of the Volga, dates back to the 15th century. In the Russian chronicles, a city settlement is mentioned, only its name was slightly different and was used in the singular - Cheboksary. The settlement on the Volga was founded earlier than the 15th century (but the city's official date of birth is considered to be 1469), initially as a military fortification of the Russian army. A map of Chuvashia already existed by that time, but it did not survive, and it is impossible to judge more accurate references to cartographic data.
Title
As for the etymology of the word, there are several options. One of them is the origin of the name from the phrase "Chebak" and "ar". Chebak is the common name of the Mari who lived in this territory, and ar is the Finnish name for the river. What together means - "Chebak River". Another option implies the origin of the word from the Chuvash “shupakar”, which is translated into Russian as “fortified place”. A map of Chuvashia of an older type has been printed for a long time with an unusual name for the present.
History
In the second half of the 16th century, a military fortress was built on the outskirts of the city, which serves as the southern border of the state. Formed Cheboksary county, which is successfully developing in terms of trade. This is facilitated by the proximity to the Volga. Over the next 200 years, Orthodox churches and monasteries are actively being built in the county. Gradually, the city becomes the cultural, religious, military and industrial center of the region.
Geography of the region
The capital of Chuvashia is located on the Volga Upland, on the right bank of the Volga. Now on this shore is the Cheboksary reservoir. The length of the city’s borders is within 80 km, of which 16 km is the embankment. The Volga Upland itself is everywhere rugged by beams and ravines, so the relief within the city is ravine. The height fluctuation varies from 50 to 200 meters.
The capital of Chuvashia on the relief map is shown in a more complete picture, and there you can find complete information about the hills and lowlands of this region. Gullies in the city are formed by the watersheds of small rivers that were once located on this territory. Because of this feature, the layout of the area itself turned out to be interesting: urban buildings have the form of wedges that converge to the Volga Bay, forming a kind of amphitheater. Also, thanks to the hills in Cheboksary, 5 bridges were built.
Climate
The capital of the Chuvash Republic is located within the temperate climate zone. It has a continental type of climate. The formation of weather conditions in Cheboksary is affected by cold arctic air masses in winter and humid Atlantic air masses in summer. In winter, the city has steady frosty and snowy weather. The period itself lasts up to 5 months. Summer is temperate, sometimes hot, lasting 3 months. In spring and autumn, the weather is often unstable.
Cheboksary is a region with a high percentage of moisture. Evaporation often exceeds the amount of precipitation, because of this the temperature regime changes dramatically during the day. The distribution of precipitation is also uneven. Most of them fall in the summer season, heavy rainfalls fall on the city. The average annual rainfall is 500 mm. The average July temperatures are + 18 ° ... + 19 ° , January -11 ° ... -13 ° .
Administrative division
The capital of the Chuvash Republic has an administrative status - urban district. In addition to the three administrative districts of the city (Leninsky, Moscow, Kalininsky) and the territorial administration of the Trans-Volga region, 3 villages belong to the city limits: Sosnovka, Severny, Novye Lapsary and the village of Chandrovo.
According to the census in 2015, the city took 39th place in terms of the number of inhabitants in the cities of the Russian Federation. At present, a little more than 480 thousand people live in Cheboksary. By ethnic composition, the majority of residents are the indigenous population of the republic (Chuvash 62%). The lower percentage here is Russians - 32%. Representatives of other nationalities also live in the city: Tatars, Maris, Ukrainians, Armenians, etc.
There are two official languages: Russian and Chuvash. It is noteworthy that most of the city’s population speak the Chuvash language. This can be confusing for visitors. But everyone here understands the Russian language. The religious composition of the majority of the inhabitants is Orthodox Christians.
Science, culture and industry
The capital of Chuvashia is famous for its industrial development. Such industries as metalworking and mechanical engineering (9 large enterprises), food industry (4 large enterprises), electric power, and light industry are actively developing.
In addition, Cheboksary is the cultural and scientific-educational center of Chuvashia. The city has 5 state higher institutions, 13 branches of universities in other cities, about 20 institutions of secondary education, a large number of schools.
As for the attractions, there are a lot of them, both historical and modern.
City division
The capital of Chuvashia Cheboksary is conditionally divided into two halves: the left bank and the right bank. The right bank of the Volga is a historical district of the city. There are many beautiful and unique places directly related to the history of the city. The right bank is also the business center of the city. The left bank is full of its natural colors, parks, fountains. This is a great place to relax for both locals and visiting guests.
The capital of the Chuvash Republic even has its own “Arbat” - it is a pedestrian street of Kupts Efremov, located in the city center. It also houses the merchant’s house, which is considered an architectural monument of the 19th century. At present, a branch of the Moscow SEI is located within the walls of the mansion.
On the street of the Composers Vorobiev, in the center of the city is the artificial Cheboksary Bay. This is truly the most beautiful part of the city. On the square by the bay, city celebrations, festivals and fairs are organized. From it you can go to the banks of the Volga. On the promenade is the central beach of the capital.
The city is also famous for its Orthodox religious monuments. For example, the temple of the Holy Martyr Tatiana was built in 2006. It is located in the northwestern part of the city and has a magnificent view. There are also ancient Orthodox churches: the Vvedensky Cathedral is considered the oldest church in the city (construction began in 1555) and the Church of the Ascension of Christ, built in 1758. Also, the Holy Trinity Monastery is still operating in Cheboksary, the construction of which It began on the orders of Ivan the Terrible.
Like all of Chuvashia, Cheboksary is a city with a developed culture. Here you can visit 8 museums and exhibition halls that tell about the history of the city and the region, theaters and even the State Philharmonic. This is what attracts tourists quite strongly. They are happy to visit all the institutions that are in Cheboksary, buy souvenirs and take photographs as a keepsake, and then again return to this city to relive the amazing emotions from what they saw earlier.