To find out what the compatibility of blood groups is during the conception of a child, it is reasonable for any adults planning to become parents. Blood is the body’s most important biological fluid. Currently, the division into four types. In order for the child to develop normally in the mother’s womb, so that in the future the child will grow up healthy and full, it is necessary that the parents fit each other. Both psychology and biology are important. Are blood type features significant?
general information
In our country, speaking of the compatibility of blood groups during the conception of a child, it is customary to determine whether an adult's biological fluid belongs to one of the groups: first, second, third or fourth. Their distinguishing features are protein compounds. Some specific proteins may be present on the erythrocyte membrane, while other types do not. Such information is important not only for the normal conception and bearing of the fetus, but also taken into account during blood transfusion. Often, donor blood is urgently needed for a loved one. Knowing your compatibility with it, you can immediately come to the aid of the needy.
Residents are used to talking about four types of blood, calling them consecutive numbers, but another system is more common in medicine: ABO. It involves the separation of all people into types A, B, O, AB. To assess belonging to a particular group, first analyze the presence of antigens on red blood cells. If there is only one and this is type A, a person is considered a group of the same name. Perhaps the presence of antigen B, which is the basis for classifying a person to people with blood of group B. If there is no antigen at all, the person belongs to blood carriers O, and in the presence of two at once his blood group is AB.
Biological features
The importance of clarifying the compatibility of blood groups during the conception of a child is due to the influence of the composition of the blood on the characteristics of human health. If a person has blood types A, B, O, in the serum of this liquid there are antibodies that can fight antigens that are absent in the body. Therefore, a person who has blood group A should never be injected with liquid from class B. After all, there are microscopic inclusions that will fight the antigens of B. In group O, there are antibodies in the blood of a person that perceive antigens A and B. But in the case of AB, everything is simpler: there are simply no antibodies. Such a person can be infused with any type of blood. People of this type are classified as universal recipients. If a person naturally has a blood group O, while the Rh factor is negative, he becomes a universal donor. The red blood cells present in the blood will suit everyone, without exception.
Rhesus factor
Assessing the compatibility of blood groups during the conception of a child, check the Rhesus, which is positive, negative. To identify, you need to evaluate whether there is antigen D on red blood cells. If there is one, the person is classified as positive, in the absence - negative. With a negative factor, when interacting with positive blood, antibodies appear. This is observed, for example, when bearing a fetus. If a woman has a negative Rhesus factor, she is at risk of serious problems of bearing, if the child is positive.
From generation to generation
To understand the significance of the compatibility of blood groups for conception between parents, you need to imagine what it is, to understand how inheritance mechanisms are organized. They give an idea of why people are not evenly divided between all known blood types. Over the centuries, there have been many mutations, crosses, and evolution does not stand still. Initially, there was only one blood type, known today as the first. Gradually, the others formed, the last became the fourth. Its carriers - about 7% of the total population of our planet. For division into groups they use the ABO system. A child can become the owner of the fourth group if his parents have a 2, 3, 4 group. Note. If at least one of the pair is a carrier of the first group, his offspring can never possess the fourth group.
Regarding when the fourth group appeared, opinions so far differ. It is believed that this happened around the eleventh century of the current era, or even a little later. There are several theories that explain this process. One of the most interesting is the mutation of 2, 3 groups in 4, due to racial mixing. The natural features of the people of the Mongoloid, Indo-European races, which have become especially individual due to the length of evolution, are quite specific. Mixing first happened relatively recently and has led to the emergence of a new blood group.
Options and ways. Where did the 4 blood group come from?
Some believe that the emergence of a new type of blood is due to an attempt by the human body to resist viral invasion. Regular attacks of deadly microscopic life forms provoked the appearance of AB antibodies.
Another version is related to food. It is assumed that a new type of blood was the response of the human body to a variety of foods, a food culture that has changed over the centuries. Over time, the methodology for processing products became more complicated, against the background of which there was a need for combining antigens. Their task is to protect the human body from eating habits that are not characteristic of our species.
Now it’s hard to say which of the scientists is right. Curious is the fact that slightly different agglomerations are characteristic of different blood groups. Thus, the first two groups are more often observed among African and European residents, the third is more characteristic of the Asians and the people of Siberia, and the fourth - to the Japanese, Australians and people living in the southeast Asian powers.
About carrying a child
Young mothers are sometimes forced to think about the compatibility of 4 blood groups to conceive a child. It is noted that the real influence is not inherent in the group, but in belonging to a certain Rhesus. Compatibility aspects are of primary importance to the female body. If the lady has a fourth negative, there is a likelihood of additional complications during the bearing of the fetus, if his blood has a positive rhesus received from the second parent. For the female body, the embryo becomes foreign, so the immune system attacks it in an attempt to get rid of it. Rhesus conflict appears. The reaction in medicine is called sensitization. This is a brightly occurring process, due to the response of a natural biological defense against an allergen. Antibodies generated by maternal immunity adversely affect the hematopoietic system.
When determining the compatibility for conception in case of blood group 4, it must be remembered that insufficient attention to this aspect can cause the appearance of an embryo perceived by a foreign body as a maternal immunity. As a result, the risk of spontaneous abortion increases. Perhaps the formation of difficulties of the fact of conception itself, in some cases it is simply impossible to overcome. The danger of pathological formation is increased. In case of rhesus conflict, blood group 4 is more at risk for a dead child.
Modernity and Health
If you do not analyze in advance the compatibility of partners in the blood group for conception, neglect the assessment of the characteristics of the rhesus, if the woman becomes pregnant, and this is accompanied by negative phenomena, you should not wear it, that "it’s hard only for the first time." Officially proven, and also confirmed by numerous observations: once in a while the situation will be worse. Difficulties are becoming more and more difficult by the end of the first gestation, and with each subsequent attempt they only become heavier. In this case, it does not matter whether the woman was able to give birth earlier, or if the pregnancy was interrupted. After the first interaction of maternal and child blood, any of the following increases the content of antibodies in the mother's body. They rush to the attack, provoking rejection of the fetus.
The latest research and development devoted to the problem of compatibility of blood groups for conception between parents allows to some extent solve the problem. If a woman became pregnant for the first time, and a problem of rhesus conflict is identified, immunoglobulin must be introduced to the future mother. The first time the procedure is carried out a month before the resolution of the burden. The second time the introduction is practiced in the first three days after birth. The drug is intended to inhibit antibodies. Under its influence, a normal, healthy child appears. Correct and timely administration helps prevent complications during subsequent conceptions.
Biology and Evolution: Features of Development
Since doctors have been dealing with the problems of compatibility of blood groups of parents for quite a long time, conceiving a child in the conditions of the “war” of Rhesus rheumas, and observing pairs, the possibility of a specific mutation has been revealed. If the mother is inherently negative Rh, the baby is positive, red blood cells may appear protein - the person becomes Rh-positive. Currently, this feature is explained by the natural mechanisms of protection of the embryo.
If a man has a fourth negative, doctors recommend that he carefully and carefully plan the offspring. If the rhesus of the chosen companion is positive, the embryo can receive the rhesus of the father.
Conflicts in Biology
There is no difficulty if you have 4 positive blood types. Compatibility at conception is good, no special and unpredictable moments due to pregnancy, its course, resolution can not be expected. However, knowing your blood type, you should first turn to a doctor who is planning offspring. Currently, this direction of obstetrics is actively developing, a lot of useful information has been accumulated. The main task of doctors is to minimize the number of pregnancies with complications, to reduce the number of seriously ill children born into the world.
Usually, at the appointment, the doctor clarifies that immunological compatibility is a key factor in compatibility at conception. 4 positive blood type, 3 minus, 1 or 2 - these figures are not so important, how important it is to evaluate in advance how much the organisms of people planning to become parents correspond to each other. The fact is that individual components of male sperm can provoke an antibody generation reaction in the female body. Such a reaction is not determined by the group, the specificity of the rhesus.
To be together?
It seems to some that if partners have any (for example, 1) positive blood type, the compatibility of conception is high, there is no reason to be afraid, they boldly plan offspring. Doctors pay attention: if the rhesus factors differ in spouses, this is not the basis for the gap. In such a family, normal, healthy children who normally grow up can be born. Of course, the potential Rh factors of the maternal and child’s body can diverge, but as indicated in the example above, medicine has a good solution to this problem. The difference in rhesus is an aspect that can affect the course of gestation, can slightly adjust the state of the embryo, but it cannot be said that conception and normal gestation are impossible in principle. However, if the analyzes showed that the Rh factors of potential parents are different, care must be taken. In the clinic dealing with family planning problems, the doctor will tell you how to behave correctly so that there are no problems with the fact of pregnancy, its course, successful resolution.
Make pregnancy safe
No matter how much a person spends time studying the characteristics of the compatibility of blood groups for conception (1 and all others), as well as rhesus factors that affect the immunity assessment of an embryo, it will still not be possible to predict what the baby rhesus will be like. Currently, there are no technologies that would make it possible to reliably determine in advance this parameter of the body. If the couple decides on the offspring, the main task of people is to control the development of the embryo. It is advisable to plan the child in advance with specialists. It must be remembered that for a number of people the danger of a "war" of Rhesus is higher. Studies were conducted to assess the risks associated with the difference in the Rhesus partners. Revealed: the maximum probability of problem bearing reaches 50%. This is observed if the partner is homozygous. If a person is heterozygous, the risk of a problem occurring in bearing a child is reduced by a quarter.
There are some people for whom the risk of Rhesus “war” in the case of offspring planning is regarded as above average. Perhaps, compatibility of the blood type of parents for conception was already tested in practice earlier - for example, the spouses already had children, the process of gestation, the birth of which was not accompanied by any deviations. This cannot be considered an absolute guarantee of future violations. Any new gestation increases the risk of incompatibility.
Attention to detail
The following was clearly demonstrated by studies to assess compatibility: for conception, a positive blood group (2 and any other) is suitable for any basic biological fluid of the embryo. Danger appears if the maternal blood rhesus is negative. The risk of such a phenomenon is not more than 50%. For some couples, the probability of such a problem is rated as zero, for others it varies between 0-50%, but cannot be more. The child inherits from the parents a certain Rhesus factor. As studies on human genetics have shown, it is not only determined by what the Rhesus factor of its immediate parents was. A significant role is played by the genetic set, transmitted to the baby with other information at the cellular level. This set of genes does not manifest itself in parents, but information can affect the characteristics of the children's body. To some extent, this fact explains why there are as yet no mechanisms and techniques to absolutely accurately predict what kind of blood will be in children.
Truth and fiction
Some are firmly convinced that it is necessary to take into account the following compatibility of blood groups at conception: group 2 requires the same partner, 3 requires the same person in pair, and so on. In reality, this is an absolute fallacy. Moreover, they conducted special studies to determine whether or not people with different blood groups can marry. As it turned out, nothing depends on this parameter. However, the myth is still strong, many modern young parents are for some reason convinced of its veracity.
It is necessary to identify not what (for example, 3) the blood group is: compatibility for conception depends on immunological factors, to some extent determined by rhesus. It is often difficult for an ordinary person to understand the subtleties of biological theory, and the nuances of evolution are very far from everyday life, so you just need to remember and learn: you need to know your Rh factor, know the Rh factor of a partner, come to the institute of family planning with this information, where specialists determine what are the risks. However, they will not depend on belonging to one of the four blood groups. But in the case of donation, this information will be extremely important. Donor and pregnancy should not be confused: the mechanisms of blood separation are different.
Statistics and science
So, as follows from the above, in the assessment of compatibility for conception, the third positive blood group, fourth, every other play a small role, but the rhesus from which blood is positive or negative is really significant. All doctors speak about the same thing. Studies have shown that on average only 15% of the inhabitants of our planet have a negative category. That is, the majority of the blood is positive. For such people there are practically no risks associated with possible problems of conception, bearing due to the quality of blood. This is confirmed by the assurances of specialists.
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