Fonio platelet is a study that allows you to identify the true concentration of platelets in the blood and determine the root causes of many pathologies. These blood cells have a great effect on the ability of blood to coagulate.
In this article, we will talk about the essence of platelet analysis by the Fonio method and the correct interpretation of its results.
The essence of this analysis
Not every patient knows what a Fonio platelet count is. It is carried out on 1000 red blood cells in a material mixed with a special dye reagent. After that, the resulting number is converted in relation to 1 μl or 1 liter of blood.
The advantage of this method is a fairly accurate determination of the number of these blood cells, which, of course, leads to a more accurate diagnosis.
We will figure out how exactly the platelet count according to Fonio is carried out.
How is the analysis carried out?
The total platelet count in a given blood smear is a coagulogram. For this analysis, capillary blood is taken from the finger. This analysis must be passed to each patient under examination, as its results can help the attending physician to establish the presence or absence of many dangerous diseases.
When taking a blood platelet test, the following should be considered:
- The concentration of these blood cells is maximal after eating and physical activity. For this reason, it is necessary to take the material after at least eight hours after the last meal.
- This requirement also applies to physical activity: if the patient donates blood in a state of excitement or after heavy physical exertion, the result may be false.
- Blood must be donated early in the morning.
- To achieve maximum accuracy, the analysis must be carried out twice more with an interval of 3-5 days.
Counting results
To calculate the platelet count according to Fonio, a 2.6% solution of sodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate (EDTA) and a 14% solution of magnesium sulfate are used. Reagents are collected using a pipette to an ESR meter (or the Panchenkov capillary).
- First, one of the reagents is introduced into the test tube, which should be at the division level 75 in the capillary. Blood taken with a pipette (to the division level K) is added there.
- The components are thoroughly mixed, and then thin strokes are prepared.
- After this, the smears are stained according to the Romanovsky-Giemsa technique for 35-45 minutes if EDTA was used, or for two to three hours if magnesium sulfate was used. During this time period, platelets become purple-pink.
How is platelet counting done by the Fonio method? To do this, in the field of view of the microscope, platelets and erythrocytes are counted up to 1000 red blood cells. The number of platelets in the blood plasma is recognized by multiplying their number in the smear by the number of red blood cells in 1 μl, and then the resulting value is divided by 1000. The specific color helps the doctor more accurately calculate the number of test cells.
The study has high accuracy, so a large number of doctors use the results obtained in this way.
The Fonio platelet norm is of interest to many.
Method Features
This technique is by far the most popular and common. The main difference between this technique is that the shaped elements are counted in a stained blood smear.
This method has the following advantages compared to others:
- the laboratory assistant can very well examine all blood cells under a microscope;
- blood can be examined at any convenient time, without being tied to the moment of receiving the material;
- cells are counted according to a fairly simple formula, in addition, the number depends on 1000 red blood cells in a microliter of blood.
What does Fonio platelet analysis reveal?
What is the evidence of lower rates?
If the platelet level in the examined patient is lowered, then this indicates the presence of thrombocytopenia, which develops from:
- exposure to ionizing radiation (radiation);
- poisoning with lead and other substances;
- various diseases of the blood system;
- from the presence of collagenosis in the patient;
- developing chronic jade.
In people with a low platelet count, hematomas, bruises and internal bleeding often occur, which is a sign of decreased elasticity and resistance of blood vessels. You can also often observe petechiae - dotted red or purple spots on the skin.
Platelet counting by the Fonio method can reveal an increase in their number.
What does an elevated platelet count mean?
Thrombophilia - a high level of platelets in the blood, observed in the following conditions:
- taking certain medications;
- after surgery;
- after removal of the spleen in the patient;
- due to injuries accompanied by a large loss of blood;
- with the development of iron deficiency anemia in humans;
- if the patient has developing malignant neoplasms.
An increased concentration of platelets in the blood is very dangerous for the life and health of the patient, since in this case the risk of thrombosis increases significantly - the formation of a blood clot inside the vessel, which prevents normal blood flow.
An increased platelet count can be very dangerous for pregnant women. This phenomenon can lead to the following extremely unpleasant consequences:
- severe form of toxicosis in pregnant women;
- intrauterine growth retardation syndrome ;
- spontaneous abortion;
- varicose veins during pregnancy;
- development of leg thrombosis during pregnancy;
- an increase in the size of a blood clot formed inside the vessel;
- heart attack.
Also, in the presence of inflammation of the lungs, liver, meninges, toxoplasmosis, the level of platelets in the blood can increase. In this condition, the level of leukocytes rises.
Normal values in children and adults
The normal platelet count according to Fonio ranges from 120 to 400 thousand in 1 cubic meter. millimeter of blood. But do not forget that for certain groups of the population, the obtained indicators will vary significantly. Such differences are considered variations of the norm.
The norm for children older than 1 year is 180-320 thousand in 1 cubic meter. millimeter of blood. For newborns, the limit of platelet count is somewhat wider - from 100 to 420 thousand per 1 cubic meter. millimeter.
For men, the normal platelet count ranges from 180 to 400 thousand. The maximum concentration of these blood cells is observed at the age of 40 years. Subsequently, the number of platelets decreases slightly, but does not fall below 320 thousand.
The normal indicator of the considered blood elements for women ranges from 180-340 thousand. The maximum concentration is observed at the age of 16 years. During menstruation, the norm decreases to 150 thousand. In adolescence, this number can drop even to 75 thousand.
A Fonio platelet blood test is very informative.
What affects concentration?
Many factors are involved in increasing platelet count. So, all infectious diseases of the body in acute form lead to an increase in the number of these blood cells in the blood. The same thing is observed in the presence of disorders of the hematopoietic system and cancer.
Also, the platelet count in the blood often changes in people experiencing constant stressful situations. In addition, it may seem strange to some that during large blood loss the number of these blood cells increases, but this suggests that the human body thus compensates for blood loss.
An increased concentration of platelets is also observed in people who have been drinking alcohol for a long time.
With prolonged and uncontrolled use of drugs that have a thromocytopenic effect, the blood picture will change significantly. The same thing happens with the disease of some organs, for example, the liver, thyroid gland, etc. Sometimes cuts or bleeding from the nose can negatively affect the number of platelets in the blood, lowering their number.
What needs to be done to normalize platelet count?
It is clear that measures to normalize platelet concentration will be slightly different for different versions of the results. But all of them will be useless if harmful factors continue to affect the body. First of all, it is necessary to avoid physical and emotional overload.
So, you can increase platelet count in the following ways:
- Exclude alcohol, seaweed, pickles and red grapes from the diet.
- Include fresh fish, bell peppers, liver, buckwheat and apples in your diet.
- Sometimes the attending physician may prescribe special medications to increase platelet count. Strongly do not self-medicate!
- Do not take medications that can cause thrombocytopenia as a side effect.
- Consume vitamins A, B and C.
To reduce platelet count, it is first necessary to establish a healthy lifestyle and eliminate stressful situations. It is strictly forbidden to engage in traumatic sports. Lowering platelet count will help:
- the use of acetylsalicylic acid preparations;
- rejection of bananas, pomegranate, mango, rose hips;
- the inclusion in the diet of beets, blueberries, cranberries, sea buckthorn;
- multivitamins and magnesium supplements.
conclusions
Thus, the study is highly accurate. And if, as a result, it showed deviations from the norm, then urgently it is necessary to adjust this indicator in order to avoid dangerous consequences.
Now it’s clear what Fonio platelets mean.