Probably, there is no such person who could say that modern society does not need traffic signs. Indeed, we no longer ride horses or oxen on roads. Even in small cities, not to mention megacities, it is impossible to imagine roads without the corresponding signs of different groups.
Traffic signs of the Russian Federation are governed by the rules of the road, which, in turn, were adopted and approved by Government Decision No. 1090 back in 1993, periodically something changes, something is added, but the fact remains - there are signs, there are traffic rules, and they must be observed. The signs, of course, correspond to the state standard specifications of the country and the Vienna Convention. All of them are divided into 8 groups.
Below we will consider a list of signs that can be attributed to road signs.
The concept
Information and road signs are a means of information, in the form of specific signs, aimed at informing drivers of the vehicle about the presence (absence) of settlements, objects, they enter and cancel traffic modes.
It is necessary to understand the question of what color are the traffic signs. And they are depicted in the form of a blue rectangle with a white pattern, and if there is an end to the indication, then the pattern is crossed out by a red line. There may also be signs in the form of a green rectangle (motorway and motorway end, distance indicator). There are also signs made on white (beginning and end of settlements, stop line) and a yellow background (signs used when working on roads). And there are signs with green rectangles - these are signs indicating numbers and directions of roads.
What shape are the traffic signs. As a general rule, such signs are depicted in the form of rectangles, although some of them resemble squares more.
Differences of index signs from others
Unlike prohibition signs, priority and precepts, road signs are more loyal to drivers. They show, but do not oblige the driver to strictly fulfill them. However, despite this, the driver does not need to be careless while driving and ignore these traffic regulations.
It is worth saying that in comparison with other groups of road signs, this one is quite harmless and tolerant.
One-way traffic
The first to be considered is the one-way road sign. The number of this sign is 5.5. When considering and studying the rules, it is necessary to conclude that this sign means that roadway, the movement on which is carried out only in a one-way direction, the movement of oncoming cars on it is impossible in principle. The sign is placed at the beginning of the road with the appropriate movement.
The presence of such a sign does not prevent the driver from making a right or left turn. Also on such a road it is allowed to move in reverse gear, but only to the nearest intersection.
Accordingly, a sign entitled "End of the one-way road" (bears the number 5.6) indicates the completion of the rules of movement in a one-way direction.
The signs are made in the shape of a blue rectangle with a white arrow looking up.
Departure on the road
Signs related to numbers 5.7.1 and 5.7.2 are called "Exit onto a one-way road". Designations such as rectangles with a white arrow looking to the left or right, and indicating the direction in which it is possible to make movement on the vehicle on the specified road, look.
The first sign looks to the right and, thus, prohibits turning left.
The second sign looks to the left and, accordingly, a right turn prohibits.
Signs do not prohibit turning and crossing the road in the forward direction.
A sign under the name "Exit onto a one-way road" is placed directly in front of the entrances to the road with such traffic.
According to the Code of Offenses of the Russian Federation, the legislator provides for a fine of 5,000 rubles for driving along such a road in the opposite direction, or possibly for a period of 4 to 6 months. lose their rights, and with repeated violation of these traffic rules for one year will have to say goodbye to rights. And by the way, now, in order to get the rights back, you will have to pass the theoretical part of the SDA exam.
Lane
Information and traffic signs, according to traffic rules, belong to the fifth group (signs of prescriptions), indicate the direction of movement in lanes, in one lane, about the beginning and end of this traffic zone.
Sign 5.15.1 shows the driver the number of lanes and how to move along them. As shown on the sign, only a left-hand page is allowed to turn.
Road services have the right to establish preliminary signs, and as a general rule they are set at a distance of 50-150 m (in populated and non-populated areas).
And the sign 5.15.2 - indicates how to move along one specific lane in a specific direction.
Signs 5.15.3 and 5.15.5 indicate the beginning and end of the strip. They indicate the recommended speed and the ban on the movement of heavy trucks. Also on the necessary lane in a particular case to another lane (acceleration or braking lane).
Lane traffic directions are used in cities with heavy traffic and if there are at least three lanes (in one direction).
Public transport
Also, the sign "The stopping place of the bus and (or) the trolley" (sign number 5.16) refers to the road signs. It extends its effect to public transport moving along a specific route. This sign indicates the stopping points of the vehicle, as well as the parking of passenger taxis.
It is located at the beginning of the landing site, or on the pavilion, on the nearby edge and always on an autonomous support.
And the sign with the name "Tram Stop Place" (under number 5.17) indicates that the rules for using it are similar to the above sign, but with the amendment, in the case of road markings, the latter is applied not along the edge of the carriageway, as for buses and taxis, and in the middle of the road, along the edge of the tram tracks, indicating the place of embarkation / disembarkation of passengers.
Traffic regulations impose on the driver the obligation to grant preemptive rights to going passengers to a tram or stop.
Sign with number 5.18 - "Taxi parking lot". There is to indicate the place where a passenger taxi can stand, indicated by the corresponding signs.
According to the requirements of the SDA, these signs must be two-sided, one-sided signs are allowed only outside residential areas and points and on road sections where pedestrians are not allowed to travel along the road.
For drivers who do not give the pre-emptive right to drive vehicles related to public transport, there is a fine of 500 rubles and 1000 rubles - in case of stopping cars at a stop or closer than 15 m from it.
Dead end
Traffic signs with numbers 6.8.1, 6.8.2 and 6.8.3 - indicate "Dead End".
Such signs indicate that a particular road has no through traffic. A dead end can be located directly (first sign), right (second) and left (third). The Dead End sign does not prohibit the continuation of further movement, but informs the driver that it may not be possible. The driver should slow down and be especially careful.
The sign "Dead end" is placed at the entrance to the yards without possible through traffic, and he can talk about repair work on the roads, the presence of construction sites, or inform about the end of the equipped roadbed.
The sign is installed at a nearby intersection of carriageways (roads), or at the beginning of the road leading to this very object.
Motorway
Signs 5.1 and 5.2 - “Beginning of the motorway” and “End of the motorway” indicate that the driver is on the road that is the motorway, traffic regulations apply for such roads. There is a certain speed limit for different types of transport, and there is also a ban on certain actions (backward driving, driving a train, moving freight wagons, moving pedestrians, etc.).
The first sign is placed right before entering such a road, and the second shows its end.
The signs are depicted in the form of green rectangles, on which the highway is depicted with white lines, the end of the road is crossed out by a red line.
Road for cars
Signs 5.3 and 5.4 - "The beginning of the road for cars" and "The end of the road for cars". They denote the road, the movement of which can carry cars, buses, motorcycles. For other equipment movement is prohibited. The rules applicable to the motorway apply here.
The sign looks like a blue rectangle with a painted white car.
The sign is set at the entrance to such a road.
Sign 5.4, respectively, cancels these requirements.
Locality
Signs 5.23.1 - 5.24.2 exist to indicate the beginning and end of a settlement. Directions are established at the entrance to the village or at the beginning of residential development.
Reverse
Signs numbered 5.8, 5.9, and 5.10 indicate reverse movement. Are applied in the cities with a big congestion of a roadbed.
Sign 5.8 "Reverse traffic" tells the driver that traffic rules for reversing traffic lights or signs that regulate traffic in lanes apply to a specific section of the roadway. Those. movement in this case along the lanes occurs alternately in one, then in the opposite direction. The sign is placed before the corresponding intersection. Repeated signs are placed behind each adjustable intersection.
Reverse movement ends where there is a sign under number 5.9 - "End of reverse movement".
Sign 5.10 indicates to the driver that he is driving on a road with reverse traffic, the movement of which is regulated by a reverse traffic light. In this case, the driver is obliged to move so that in the event of a lane change he can occupy the left lane (extreme), with the resolving signal of the reverse traffic light, or in accordance with the necessary signs.
It is installed at the entrance to the corresponding intersection and acts only on it.
Other signposts
You can still highlight a few index signs.
Sign 6.2. "Recommended speed." He gives the driver advice at what speed should be moved on a given section of the road, but does not oblige him to follow this recommendation unconditionally. The speed may be slightly lower or higher, but not violate the general traffic rules for high-speed mode.
Signs 6.3.1 and 6.3.2 - “Place for a U-turn” and “Zone for a U-turn” indicate to the driver in which place and with which trajectory it is possible to make a U-turn on this section of the road. Turning left is prohibited in this case. Signs are set on those roads where the number of lanes is a maximum of three for both directions. If there is a dividing strip on it, then the sign is installed on it in front of the place of the reversal, and if there is no dividing strip, then the sign is placed as a general rule, i.e. on the left lane.
The road sign "Parking" (number 6.4), informs the driver that parking is allowed in this place. It is used together with appropriate plates (vehicle setting method). The parking sign "Parking" applies either to a nearby intersection or limits it to the appropriate sign from section 8 of the SDA.
The sign is depicted as a blue rectangle with the Latin letter "P" written on a white background.
Sign 6.5 - "Emergency Stop Lane". Tells the driver that there is a corresponding lane on a particular steep descent. The sign is placed immediately before entering such a strip. Over the entire length of the descent, it is possible to install a warning indicated sign together with the plate 8.1.1 (distance to ...).
The signs “Refueling”, “Hospital”, “Camping”, “Catering point” and other signs of section 7 (service signs) will be quite legitimate as indicative. After all, they also indicate and inform the driver about the presence of certain objects. And he decides whether he needs it or not. As a rule, preliminary signs with distance signs to these objects are installed first. And immediately before them is the sign itself.
Direction signs
The signs 6.9.1 - 6.19.2 should also be referred to as indicative signs: preliminary direction signs, movement patterns, name of objects, distance indicators, kilometer signs, route numbers, stop lines, patterns and directions of detours during repair work.
There are signs with the designation of specific objects located on the highway or away from it.
There are also signs at bus stops at number 5.16. They are depicted in the form of orange rectangles on which the name of the stop is written, the number of the vehicle stopping here, and which stops will be next. As for the tram stops, the letter "T" and the number of tram routes and the names of the stops are indicated above the tram lines on the white background rectangle.
Signs are used to inform drivers of the direction in which certain objects are located and how far they are. Kilometer marks show the distance between points on a particular road. Directional signs indicate which road the driver is traveling. The route number can be on the sign, and can also be written on the road itself, both options are possible together.
And signs 6.17 - 6.19.2 - temporary yellow. They are installed in case of work on the road. They indicate to the driver how to move on this section of the road, how to go around and how to change lanes to another carriageway, lane, road. And in front of the road section being repaired, a large orange sign hangs on which the name of the track is written, for what time the repair is calculated, which company the contractor performs it.
Conclusion
Traffic signs exist in order to inform the driver about changes on the road, so that he can make the right decision how to behave on the road in a particular case, while avoiding offenses and accidents.
They should not be neglected, although they are more loyal in comparison with other signs. It must be remembered that traffic rules are mostly written in blood, human blood. And do not be offended by the traffic police for fines issued, for lost time, for the most part this is all for the good and human life. If everyone complied with the rules, then there would be much less accidents and deaths.