Dysentery is a disease that occurs in children and adults. It causes many problems to the sick. For prevention, a special vaccine is given against dysentery. It is about her that will be discussed later. How effective is vaccination? What features of the process should everyone know? Are there any consequences or side effects of the vaccine against dysentery? Understanding all this is not so difficult.
Disease Description
What is dysentery? As already mentioned, this disease causes a lot of problems. It is infectious. In other words, dysentery is an acute infectious disease.
It is transmitted by the fecal-oral route. For example, through water or food. The disease is treated mainly on an outpatient basis. The patient has various kinds of intestinal disorders, as well as general weakness in the body.
To protect a person from the disease, he is vaccinated against dysentery. It is not currently included in the list of national vaccination calendars for children and adults. But to know about such a vaccine is necessary.
Composition and release
The studied vaccine is presented in the form of a solution. It is in this form (and only in it) that a means is issued for vaccinating citizens against dysentery. Sold in small ampoules.
The vaccine consists of a liposaccharide obtained from a pathogen called Shigella Sonne. Further, the component passes through purification by enzymatic and physicochemical methods.
Store the solution in a cool and dark place. The vaccine against dysentery is done both intramuscularly and subcutaneously.
How often do
Some are interested in how often it is necessary to get vaccinated against the studied disease. In fact, there is no clear indication of this. Based on the fact that vaccination is not included in the national vaccination calendar, vaccination is carried out either at the request of a person or with outbreaks of infection.
By its action, the vaccine begins to work after a few weeks. It allows you to develop antibodies to Shigella Sonne. Accordingly, a person will not get dysentery.
Immunity to the disease is not eternal. It persists for only 12 months. Next, you will either have to re-vaccinate, or completely forget about such vaccination.
Accordingly, in order to prevent the disease, you can be vaccinated against dysentery once a year. So it turns out all the time to maintain immunity to the causative agent of intestinal infection.
Indications
When is a dysentery vaccine given? There are a number of recommendations in this regard. Not everyone needs to face vaccination.
A vaccine against dysentery is recommended:
- people who travel to areas with high morbidity;
- children going to camps;
- catering workers;
- persons employed in the field of public amenities;
- employees of infectious hospitals and hospitals.
In addition, the evidence may include an outbreak of the disease or the presence of an epidemic. As already mentioned, the vaccine against dysentery is not included in the Russian national vaccination calendar. And so it’s not at all necessary to do it.
About contraindications
But the process has specific contraindications. And they must be observed in order to avoid the negative impact of vaccination on the human body. Everyone should remember this.
To date, the vaccine against dysentery has the following contraindications:
- Infant age. Kids should not be given the vaccine they are studying. It is only allowed for children over 3 years old.
- Pregnancy. This also often includes the period of breastfeeding.
- A recent illness. It is recommended to wait a month from the moment of recovery - only then to be vaccinated.
- The presence and exacerbation of chronic diseases.
- Tendency to allergic reactions. Allergy sufferers are not recommended to be vaccinated against dysentery. Hypersensitivity can also be attributed to contraindications.
No further significant bans. Usually children and adults with weakened immune systems are not vaccinated against dysentery. The presence of a general malaise in the body is another ban on vaccination.
Effects
What are the consequences after vaccination against dysentery? Everyone also needs to know about this.
In fact, there are no serious consequences of vaccination. The vaccine against dysentery is considered as safe as most of these substances. Nevertheless, any medication intervention is always a certain risk. And it is important to take them into account.
The vaccine against dysentery has the following consequences:
- dizziness;
- migraine;
- nausea;
- local reactions (for example, pain at the injection site);
- temperature rise.
In some cases, you may encounter hyperthermia. But this is a very rare manifestation of a vaccine against dysentery. Therefore, you can not be afraid of him.
Most of the side effects occur in the first day after vaccination. It is recommended to consult a doctor for general recommendations on the elimination of certain ailments caused by an injection. Self-medication is not necessary.
Where do
And where to go in order to get the appropriate vaccine? Where to get a vaccine against dysentery in Russia?
Today, you can use a similar service in infectious diseases hospitals, dispensaries and hospitals. These are the most common places where citizens turn to.
You can also go (both an adult and a child) to a private clinic. Most of these establishments have the necessary vaccine. But this information is best clarified in a particular private clinic.
Vaccination process
The vaccine against dysentery for children and adults is done according to similar principles. As already mentioned, vaccination involves the subcutaneous injection of a needle into the human body, followed by the injection. Intramuscular injection is possible.
Before vaccination, it is necessary to collect an anamnesis and find out the patient's health status. Children and adults are advised to take a general blood and urine test to maximize the body's readiness for vaccination.
During vaccination, a needle is inserted into the upper third of the shoulder. We can say that the vaccine against dysentery for adults and children is a "shot in the shoulder." For all ages, the dosage of the drug is the same. It is 0.5 milliliters. That is how much drug you need to draw into a syringe.
To do or not
Do I need to do the studied vaccine? Everyone decides for himself. In fact, with proper treatment for dysentery, you can get rid of it in just a week. Only in "neglected" cases does such a disease end in failure. In practice, in Russia it is not so common.
It follows that once again, without special indications, vaccination is not recommended. Independently solving such issues should also not be. It is best to ask the advice of your doctor - therapist or pediatrician. Only he can say how vaccinated against dysentery is needed in a particular case.
Summary and Conclusions
This article looked at basic information about vaccination against dysentery. This disease is found in both children and adults. No one is safe from him.
Vaccination against dysentery for adults is carried out according to the same principles as for children. The vaccine is practically safe for the human body. It is recommended that you consult your doctor about the need for vaccination.
The name of the vaccine produced in Russia is Shigellvak. It costs about 2,500 rubles. It is at this cost that you can find a solution for injection in the country's pharmacies.
As already mentioned, the vaccine against dysenteric infection is not included in the list of mandatory vaccines. Therefore, one cannot speak with confidence about the need for vaccination against dysentery. Only in exceptional cases should a person be confronted with an appropriate injection.