Technical training tools greatly simplify the task of the modern teacher. With their help, selection, transmission, transformation, display of information is carried out.
The use of technical teaching aids in a modern school allows us to automate many intellectual processes.
Importance and relevance
After the introduction of new federal educational standards in domestic schools, the objects of instruction became significantly more complicated. Technical teaching aids enable the teacher to go beyond the classroom, explain and demonstrate to the children those processes and phenomena that cannot be seen with the naked eye.
When used rationally, the teacher transforms the study time, models the space, which has a positive effect on increasing the cognitive interest in different educational disciplines among the younger generation.
Technical training tools allow you to demonstrate complex technological processes that are difficult to understand with the help of chalk and blackboard.
ICTs make it possible to expand illustrative material, create problem situations, and carry out search activities with students not only in class, but also in extracurricular activities.
Inclusive education
Technical teaching aids are designed not only for talented students, but also for children who have physical health restrictions. Such children cannot attend school together with healthy children, but they have the right to receive knowledge and skills. At present, original technical training aids have been created for them.
The program is compiled individually for each child, taking into account his physical condition, interests and intellectual capabilities. Among audio-technical means, sound-amplifying equipment for individual and collective use is distinguished, thanks to which it is possible to work on improving impaired auditory perception in deaf and hard of hearing children.
Such technical means of teaching at school are devices that transmit information about sound phenomena that are converted into light, tactile-vibrational signals that are felt by the surface of the body.
Key aspects of TCO
The effectiveness of their application is characterized by three interrelated aspects: methodological, technical, organizational.
Technical means in the learning process involve adaptation, improvement, development, which is used for feedback between the teacher and students. They help to process, document information, organize independent classes.
In the case when visual and technical training tools are used ineptly, they will not give the desired effect. Among educators and educators, the vast majority are women who do not understand technology.
A serious psychological barrier is the fear of malfunctions of the equipment used. In order to cope with it, it is necessary to familiarize the employees of kindergartens and schools with TCO, the rules for their application, and the features of service.
Application options
All modern technical means of training according to the degree of application, the level of preparedness of students are divided into three levels of application:
- episodic;
- synchronous;
- systematic.
In the first case, the teacher only occasionally uses TCO. Synchronous use is associated with their constant inclusion in the educational and educational process.
The systematic use of technology allows the teacher to expand the amount of teaching discipline.
Modern TCO
At the stage of personality formation in a child, the foundations of ideas, concepts, knowledge and skills are laid. The increasing amount of information that is being absorbed by schoolchildren meaningfully involves the use of technical teaching aids, and the improvement of upbringing and instructional methods.
TSO give the teacher the opportunity to improve the educational and educational processes, improve the skills and abilities of their pupils.
Didactic technical devices are used to process and optimize information. They combine two concepts:
Classification
Special technical teaching aids are introduced into the educational process to improve its quality and effectiveness.
Visual views include transparencies, filmstrips, and various slide projection equipment.
Audio TCO consider recording and reproducing equipment, phonograms.
Various manipulators are considered to be manipulation options.
Automatic learning tools are called a variety of computer equipment and supplies.
At present, it is difficult to find a school in Russia that does not have a computer class. This type of TSO is the most promising option for ensuring the quality of the educational process.
There are several options for computer equipment suitable for kindergartens, schools, gymnasiums, lyceums:
- by the nature of the provision of information (sound, screen, screen-sound);
- for functional purpose (multimedia equipment, auxiliary equipment, technical classrooms).
Directions of use
Currently, three routes are used:
- modernization of upbringing and educational work aimed at deepening, emotional perception by schoolchildren of program knowledge, obtaining a complete picture of the culture and traditions of the native land, information about the environment;
- scientific organization of pedagogical work in educational institutions, increasing professionalism, exchange of experience, improving techniques and working methods;
- public education.
TCO Options
There are special simulators that allow you to assess the level of OUN. For example, to assess the condition of computer equipment in a car, the controller of the technical condition of vehicles is used.
Training involves the development of skills, the identification and elimination of problems in theoretical and practical knowledge.
The computers used in modern schools are equipped with special programs that allow teachers to manage the cognitive activity of students in the field of the formation of arithmetic calculation skills, physical and chemical problems.
Special editors make it possible to create graphics at drawing and drawing lessons.
All programs used in domestic gymnasiums, schools, lyceums, adapted to the individual age characteristics of children and adolescents.
Depending on the specifics of the taught discipline, the teacher can systematically or periodically use various types of technical teaching aids in the educational and educational process.
TCO Features
Modern PCs are created with a liquid crystal screen; they can be powered by electric batteries, mains, and batteries (up to 5 V). They consume little power, can be installed in any classroom.
Such a PC is equipped with many additional devices, so you can combine texts with animation, speech, music. Multimedia is an excellent assistant for teachers of preschool educational institutions. In classes aimed at the development of speech skills, the formation of an aesthetic perception of the world, kids with the help of TCO learn to recognize animals by sounds, appearance, habits.
If in preschool educational institutions technical means of instruction are used periodically, then in schools, lyceums, gymnasiums they are indispensable in every lesson. Each training subject has its own training programs. For example, an interactive physics course allows you to consider those phenomena and processes that the teacher cannot demonstrate.
A huge amount of information can be placed on small removable media using disks (floppy disks) as needed.
Among the innovations that have entered Russian schools, the introduction of electronic diaries and magazines. Without TCO, filling out such documentation would not have been possible. Multimedia allows the teacher to draw up comparative tables, analyze the individual achievements of each child, and build development paths for each pupil.
Important facts
What is a vehicle technical condition controller? Learning traffic rules involves not only the rules of the road, but also the consideration of the device of the car. Driving schools acquire TCO equipped with special simulators. The training is arranged in such a way that future drivers have worked out the theoretical knowledge gained at lecture classes. This greatly simplifies the preparation for exams, is a guarantee of the release of qualified drivers from driving schools.
In order for TCO to be as effective as possible, you must first learn how to use such gadgets.
First, the teacher instructs, explains the specifics of the equipment, the rules for working with him. Only after this, students begin independent work.
Use efficiency
It is directly related to the stages of the lesson. For example, if TCO is used in a lesson for more than 20 minutes, this leads to the fact that students cease to understand, process, comprehend information, lose interest in the lesson.
Psychologists are convinced that the best option would be to use technical equipment at the beginning of the lesson. 5-10 minutes are enough to concentrate the attention of the class on the problem that will be considered during the training session.
You can use TCO in the middle of the lesson to maintain a steady class focus. The monotonous application of the same method of training leads to a significant inhibition of the central nervous system, a loss of the ability to perceive the information presented.
How to avoid a similar problem? Psychologists recommend that school teachers alternate emotional load with unloading, for example, theoretical material is accompanied by viewing a fragment, slides, cartoons.
Conclusion
Technical training tools, which include personal computers, multimedia, have become an integral part of the educational process. Given the functionality and significance of TCO, they are currently classified according to various criteria.
Given the functional purpose, they are divided into means that allow the transfer of educational information, control universal learning skills, and self-study. There are also such devices that combine several functionality at once.
A distinctive feature of tape recorders, epiprojectors, graph projectors, video recorders is the ability to convert information into a form that is convenient for perception.
Currently, educational organizations use a variety of technical complexes and devices that allow, according to the necessary criteria and programs, to evaluate the option of learning the educational material. They differ in the type of training programs, methods for entering the response of students.
It is difficult to imagine an educational institution in the Russian Federation, wherever any technical means of training were used. Both in kindergartens, and in schools, and in higher educational institutions, TSOs allow introducing innovative achievements of modern science and technology into the educational process.