Many are interested in what is the personal data of children, as well as adults. The thing is that in 2006 a special law was issued in Russia that imposed a restriction on companies and institutions with regard to the use of certain information about a person. Accordingly, problems began to arise with the collection and processing of data about people. Especially for minors. Parents should know what personal data is and how to protect it in case of violations. In fact, everything is not as difficult as it seems. The main thing is to understand Federal Law No. 152 of July 27, 2006. What should I pay attention to first of all?
Definition
For example, you need to understand what personal data of children is. This moment is extremely important. Not everyone understands what information organizations can use and which not in this or that case.
Actually, understanding all this is not so difficult. Personal data of a person is information that helps to establish a personality and make up a general impression of a citizen. For example, weight, height, as well as information about health, F. I. O. and date of birth. You can say this is personal information about a person.
Several components of a single whole
Now it’s clear what personal data is. What applies to them? Sometimes it’s not so easy to guess. But in order to avoid unnecessary questions, you can just look in the Federal Law No. 152 of July 27, 2006. It contains several categories of personal information.
At the moment, personal data is divided into:
- general;
- biometrics;
- special.
What applies to each type of information? Remember is not so difficult. Much depends on the age of the citizen. Children have much less personal information than adults. This is quite normal.
Common include first name, last name, middle name, person’s education. This also includes information about the actual place of residence, registration. Employed citizens (for example, children after 14-16 years old) also have data on the place of work, earnings.
Special information of a personal type is data that will help to fully characterize a person. Basically what does not belong to the general type. We are talking about racial and gender, political and religious views. Among other things, this includes medical reports about the state of health.
As you might guess, biometric data is nothing but biological materials that serve to identify a citizen. For each person, this is DNA, the iris of the eyes, as well as data on height and weight. This includes more photos and videos. They also help to establish the identity of a person.
Expression of consent
The personal data of children and adults are protected by law in the Russian Federation. The output of the Federal Law No. 152 "On Personal Data" imposed bans on organizations and institutions to use information about people. But in the manner prescribed by law, you can remove these restrictions.
How exactly? Each citizen must give his consent to the processing and collection of personal data. Then it will be possible to use information about the person. But with certain limitations. About them a little later.
First, you should pay attention to the fact that the personal data of minor children is processed and can only be collected with the consent of legal representatives. This means that parents or guardians, when applying to a particular institution, must fill out an application in the established form. Without it, you can not use information about the child.
Establishment of prohibitions by law
Nevertheless, all of the above does not allow organizations, at their discretion, to dispose of certain data on a minor. Federal Law No. 152 "On Personal Data" imposes some restrictions. What is it about?
The thing is that protecting the personal data of children is the responsibility of the parents. But the law itself worried that the personal information of all citizens of the country could not be used for other purposes.
Initially, parents consent to the study and collection of certain personal information about the minor. This is necessary to achieve a particular goal. For example, for diagnosis and treatment in a hospital. As soon as the result is achieved, it is forbidden to process and continue collecting information about the child (or adult). Violation of this norm to one degree or another imposes an administrative fine on the organization.
In writing
It has already been said that for the expression of will regarding the issue under study, it is worth filling out the consent form for the processing of the personal data of the child. That is, the document is submitted only in writing. Verbal consent is not an argument for the use of information about minors to one degree or another.
It is also permitted to give consent in free form. This is actually not so difficult. This practice allows you to protect personal data (what applies to them is already clear).
Stand-alone document
Accordingly, the paper being studied is a way of protecting personal information. Moreover, in case of violation of the established rules, parents or already adult citizens have the right to appeal to the court. In practice, such cases occur from time to time.
It is in order to protect your child from collecting and processing third-party information, it is recommended that you independently write your consent to work with information about the minor. But how to do it right?
It is enough to know the components of the paper. On a separate sheet you will have to write:
- data on the applicant parent (F. I. O.);
- F. I. O. minor child;
- passport data of the legal representative;
- information from the birth certificate of a minor;
- information from the child’s passport (if available, for children from 14 years old);
- the purpose of processing and collecting information (for example, to issue a medical opinion);
- all information about the minor to be processed;
- validity period of paper;
- permission revocation procedure (optional, usually not written);
- operations that can be performed with the information received about the child.
Accordingly, parents should carefully think through all the points of the statement, and then write them. At the very end, the date of drawing up the agreement is set, as well as the signature of the legal representative with the transcript. There is nothing difficult about this.
Compulsion
What if I don’t want to provide personal data? Children (Roskomnadzor indicates that legal representatives are fully responsible for protecting the personal information of minors) in schools and preschool institutions quite often fill out a variety of tests. To them they seem cheerful. This is actually a collection of personal information. And often such "entertainment" is carried out in a forced manner.
Parents should be aware that they have the right not to grant the right to collect and process data about the child. But at the same time, citizens are not entitled to refuse certain services. For example, do not take to kindergarten. Accordingly, no one can force the signing of consent to the processing of personal information. It is against the law. Parents should remember that this document is a right, not an obligation.
Required Information
Nevertheless, some personal information about the child is still provided. In order to protect the personal data of children to the maximum, it is recommended that you independently write your consent according to the previously proposed principle. The main advantage is that you can specify the most narrow range of information about a minor, which is 100% necessary to achieve a particular goal.
What is it about? It is worth considering an example on the basis of educational institutions. What does the school require? Personal data (children are not responsible for their protection, legal representatives should deal with this issue) about minors are diverse. Most often, parents are simply given an established form. As a rule, the school, after the parents sign the paper, gets access to all the information about the child — both about his health, and about his gender, and about F. I. O.
In fact, for this institution, this kind of information is redundant. Therefore, in order to protect personal information, legal representatives must write a document that indicates consent to the processing of:
- name;
- surnames;
- patronymic;
- age
- place of residence (or registration);
- gender identity.
This is enough for studying at school. It should be remembered that no one has the right to require a health certificate or any other information for acceptance into the OS.
Bounce
Another nuance is that the personal data of children, as already mentioned, is collected and processed from time to time in various organizations. For example, to identify the situation in the family. Each parent has the right to prohibit such actions. It is advisable to immediately worry about writing a refusal to collect and process the personal data of a minor.
As a rule, a free document is drawn up. It will look something like this:
"I, F.I.O. (passport data), mother F.I.O. (data from the child’s passport, if any), student (information about the educational institution and the class of the minor’s education), refuse to collect and process my personal data I allow you to use only: name, surname, patronymic, age, date of birth, place of residence and registration. I forbid transfer to third parties. Otherwise, I will go to court in the manner prescribed by law. "
For web
Special attention is paid to the protection of personal data of children on the Internet. The thing is that on the Web quite often they collect personal information. It can be used for different purposes. Therefore, it is necessary to somehow protect the information about children.
This is not so difficult to do. It is enough to use the following tips:
- Install mail filters and anti-virus applications on the computer.
- Adjust on the Parental Controls PC.
- To make from time to time copies of information from a computer. It is advisable to copy everything to a removable hard drive.
- Allow children to use only trusted sites.
- Periodically change the password from social networks and other accounts. Both their own and the child.
- Conduct conversations with the child on the topic of proper communication on the Web.
It should be explained to minors that new acquaintances should not send information about themselves. Including photos and videos. Accounts on social networks are recommended to be protected in the privacy settings.