Cable marking is the use of a sheath of different colors, the application of labels, the use of labels and tags, as well as electronic markers. The marker talks about the properties of the cable and allows you to distinguish it from other similar products.
What are insignia of wires?
The marking of power cables consists of letters denoting the material from which the sheaths, insulation, cores, as well as the type of protection are made. High voltage cable designations include design features.
Copper cores in the inscription are not marked with a special letter. Typically, an aluminum core is the letter “A” that appears at the beginning of the marking. Then comes the letter that defines the insulation material. Polyethylene insulation - the letter "P", polyvinyl chloride is indicated by the letter "B", and rubber insulation is indicated by the letter "P". Next is the letter indicating the type of protective shell, namely: the letter "A" is aluminum, the letter "C" is lead, the letter "P" is a polyethylene hose, the letter "B" is a sheath of polyvinyl chloride, the rubber shell is the letter "P" . The last letters indicate the type of cover.
For example, the SG brand has a copper core, paper insulation, a lead sheath, and no protective coatings. The marking of the oil-filled cable contains the letter "M" (gas-filled - the letter "G") and a letter indicating the characteristic of the oil pressure and related features. For example, the cable "MHC" is an oil-filled cable, with low pressure, in a lead sheath, which has a protective cover.
Marking of wires and cables is carried out by numbers and letters, according to GOST and TU: GOST 16442-80 and TU16.71-277-98.
Marking power cables with rubber and PVC insulation
- “A” - means core materials, aluminum. If there is no letter, then copper is the material.
- "AC" - an aluminum core with a cable sheath, which is made of lead.
- "AA" - an aluminum core with a cable sheath, which is made of aluminum.
- “B” - says that the cable has armor, it is made of two layers of tape with a special anti-corrosion coating.
- "Bn" - there is a special protective shell that does not support combustion.
- "B" - stands either first or second and means "polyvinyl chloride shell."
- “G” is a bare cable without a protective coating, if “G” is at the end. If “G” is at the beginning, then it is used in the mining industry.
- "2g" - there is an additional aluminopolymer tape.
- "Shv" - there is a protective sheath of the cable, which looks like a PVC hose (extruded).
- "Shp" - the hose consists of polyethylene.
- "Shps" - self-extinguishing polyethylene.
- “K” - if the letter is at the beginning of the marking, then the control cable. If at the end, then the armor is made of steel wires, on which a cover is worn.
- KG is a flexible cable.
- "C" - indicates the lead sheath of the cable.
- “O” - the sheath is made over all phases of the cable.
- "Pv" - consists of vulcanized polyethylene.
- "P" - cable insulation made of rubber.
- “” - cable insulation is off.
- "Ng" - usually stands at the end and means that the cable is not lit.
The inscription on the product BPI
BPI cable marking according to GOST 18410-73 (paper cable impregnated with insulation):
- “A” - an aluminum core.
- "B" - the armor is represented by thin steel bands.
- "AB" - aluminum armor.
- "SB" - lead armor.
- "C" - lead - shell material.
- "O" - lived a separate, lead.
- "P" - the armor is made of galvanized steel flat wires.
- “K” - the armor is made of galvanized steel round wires.
- "B" - paper insulation, which has a poor impregnation.
- "B" - there is no pillow.
- “L” - there is a pillow, and the lavsan ribbon enters into it.
- "2l" - a double ribbon is included.
- "G" - no protective cover.
- "N" - the outer cover is non-combustible. Placed after the reservation.
- "Shv" - the cover is represented by a extruded hose consisting of polyvinyl chloride.
- “” - the cover is represented by a extruded hose consisting of polyethylene.
- "Shvpg" - low flammability of polyvinyl chloride.
- "Ozh" - single-wire veins. It is put at the end.
- "U" - paper insulation, which has an elevated heating temperature.
- "C" - paper insulation, which is impregnated with a non-draining composition.
Control cable
Test cable marking:
- “A” - an aluminum or copper core, if there is no aluminum core.
- "B" - (second) PVC insulation.
- "B" - (third) PVC sheath.
- "P" - polyethylene insulation.
- "Ps" - self-extinguishing polyethylene insulation.
- “G” - no protective cover.
- "P" - rubber insulation.
- “K” - (second or first letter) control cable.
- KG is a flexible cable.
- "F" - fluoroplastic insulation.
- “E” - if at the beginning, then this is an electric cable, the marking of which says that it is suitable for standard conditions, and if at the end or in the middle, then a shielded cable that is used to protect against electromagnetic radiation.
Using letters in combination with numbers
There is also an alphanumeric cable marking. Decoding:
- AVVGng 3x4 - three-wire cable, aluminum. With a cross section of 4 squares. The shell and insulation consists of polyvinyl chloride, there is no protective cover, it does not support combustion.
- PVG 3x2.5 - three-core cable, copper. With a cross section of 2.5 squares. There is a polyethylene insulation. The protective shell consists of polyvinyl chloride, there is no protective cover.
- ASB 7x2.5 - seven-core cable, aluminum. With a cross section of 2.5 squares. The shell consists of lead, there is armor.
That is, this marking shows the cross section of the cores and their number.
Decoding of a special abbreviation
Marking wires and cables that have a specialized abbreviation:
- KSPV - cables are designed for special sheathed transmission systems.
- KPSVV - cables are designed for fire alarm.
- KPSVEV - cables are designed for fire alarm, only they include a screen.
- PNSV - heating wire with steel core.
- PV-1, PV-3 - a wire with vinyl insulation. The flexibility of the core is 1.3 grade.
- PVA - a wire having a vinyl sheath (connecting).
- - cord with vinyl insulation (flat).
- PUNP - universal flat wire.
- PUGNP - flexible flat universal wire.
Difference of products from each other using different colors
To use the cables correctly, you need to distinguish between them. To make it easier, there is a color marking of the cable.
To identify the cables used brown, black, red, yellow, orange, green, purple. And also blue, white, gray, turquoise and pink. This list is established in accordance with GOST.
The blue wire is for the middle or zero working conductor.
Various color combinations may be used. Green and yellow can not be used in other combinations than the yellow-green combination, and it is used to indicate a protective neutral conductor.
If the zero protective conductor is combined with the zero working conductor, they are indicated either along the entire length with a yellow-green combination, and at the ends light blue or light blue along the entire length, and at the ends a combination of yellow and green.
Core identification examples:
1. Color identification of cores that are insulated with PVC compound:
- a three-core cable: black, blue, brown or a combination of yellow and green, black, blue;
- four-core cable: a combination of yellow and green (zero protective conductor), black, blue, brown.
2. Color identification also exists for three single-core cables painted in black:
- one cable with a blue mark;
- one cable without a mark or with a black mark;
- one cable with a brown mark.
3. Color identification according to the functional value of the chains:
- for conductors having power circuits, this is black;
- for conductors having a control circuit, signaling and measuring current, which is variable, it is red;
- for conductors having a control circuit, signaling and DC measurement, this is blue;
- for protective neutral conductors - a combination of yellow and green;
- for conductors that are connected to the neutral conductor and are not intended for grounding - this is blue.
Tags used for inscriptions.
Tags for cable marking are used for marking control and power wires. They are made of polypropylene.
If there are hidden cable wiring in the walls or pipes, marking tags are fixed at the cable outlet and entrance, in wells and chambers of the block sewer and at the junction box. In the case of cable laying, marking tags are installed at each box or junction box , as well as at the end. In order to install the cable in damp rooms, the tags are made of plastic.
Tags are:
- marking cable U-134;
- marking cable U-153;
- marking cable U-135;
- marking cable U-136.
Tip
So, as can be seen from the article, the marking of wires and cables (GOST, by the way, is what the consumer should first of all pay attention to when buying) is very diverse. And it will be difficult for an ordinary person to deal with this. Therefore, we will give advice: to work with cables and wires, resort to the help of specialists. It will be good if the services of this wizard include not only the necessary work, but also the purchase of the necessary material so that you are not confused. If you decide to independently perform any work related to cables and wires, then you should wish you good luck in this difficult matter!