Body temperature is one of the most important factors that are necessary for metabolism. It is an indicator of the state of the body and varies depending on the influence of external and internal factors. In case of poor health and the appearance of a critical temperature, it is urgent to contact a specialized institution. After all, this can be a harbinger of many diseases.
Factors Affecting Body Temperature
Body temperature changes due to the influence of various factors, both the environment and the internal characteristics of the body, for example:
Times of Day. The temperature changes very often due to changes in the time of day. In this regard, in the morning, body temperature can be slightly lower (by 0.4-0.7 degrees), but not lower than + 35.9 ° C. And in the evening, the temperature on the contrary can slightly increase (by 0.2-0.6 degrees), but not higher than + 37.2 ° .
Age. In children, the temperature is often higher than 36.6 degrees, and in adults who are older than 60-65 years, the usual temperature decreases.
Health status. If there is an infection in the human body, then the temperature (to combat it) rises.
Pregnancy. In pregnant women in the early stages, the temperature should not fall below 36 degrees and rise above 37.5 degrees.
Individual characteristics of the body.
Environmental impact.
Body temperature classification
If you analyze the different readings of the thermometer, the temperature can be divided into several types and classifications.
Types of temperature according to one of the classifications (according to the level of hyperthermia):
Low and low. The value on the thermometer is below 35 ° C.
Normal The value on the thermometer is in the range of 35-37 ° C.
Low-grade. The value on the thermometer is in the range of 37-38 ° C.
Febrile. The value on the thermometer is in the range of 38-39 ° C.
Pyrethic. The value on the thermometer is in the range of 39-41 ° C.
Hyperpyretic. The value on the thermometer is above 41 ° C.
Dividing the temperature by duration:
Sharp.
Subacute.
Chronic
Another classification of types of temperature:
Hypothermia - low body temperature (less than 35 ° C).
Normal temperature. This type of body temperature fluctuates between the mark of 35-37 ° C and varies from many factors discussed above.
Hyperthermia - increased body temperature (above 37 ° C).
Normal body temperature
The average body temperature, as mentioned above, can vary under the influence of various factors. It can be measured not only in the armpits, but also in the mouth, ear, rectum. Depending on this, the data on the thermometer may vary, the critical temperatures will be much higher or lower than the norms presented here.
In the mouth, the readings of the thermometer will be 0.3-0.6 ° C higher than when measured in the armpits, that is, an indicator of 36.9-37.2 ° C will be considered the norm here. In the rectum, the readings of the thermometer will be 0.6-1.2 ° C higher, that is, the norm is 37.2-37.8 ° C. In the ear cavity, the readings of the thermometer will be the same as in the rectum, that is, 37.2-37.8 ° C.
These data cannot be considered accurate for each person. According to many studies, such indicators are found in most people - this is about 90%, but in 10% of people, normal body temperature differs from most, and indicators can fluctuate up or down.
To find out what temperature is the norm, you need to measure and record readings during the day: morning, afternoon and evening. After all measurements, you need to find the arithmetic average of all indicators. To do this, you need to add and divide the morning, afternoon and evening indicators by 3. The resulting number is the normal average body temperature for a particular person.
Critical body temperature
Critical can be either very low or very high. High temperature in people manifests itself much more often low. When the temperature drops to 26-28 ° , there is a very high risk that a person will fall into a coma, there will be problems with breathing and heart, but these figures are individual, since there are many confirmed stories about how, after severe hypothermia, to 16-17 ° C people managed to survive. For example, a story that says that a person spent about five hours in a huge snowdrift without a chance to get out and survive, his temperature dropped to 19 degrees, but they could save him.
Low body temperature
The boundary of the lowered temperature is considered to be a temperature lower than 36 degrees, or starting from 0.5 to 1.5 degrees below the individual person’s temperature. And the temperature that is lower by more than 1.5 ° C from normal is considered to be the boundary of low temperature.
There are many reasons for lowering the temperature, for example, lowered immunity, prolonged exposure to frost, and on this basis, hypothermia of the body, thyroid disease, stress, poisoning, chronic diseases, dizziness and even banal fatigue.
If the body temperature drops to 35 ° C, then you need to urgently call an ambulance, because this indicator is critical in most cases and irreversible consequences can occur!
What critical temperature should alert?
The temperature, which starts at 37 degrees, is considered subfertile and often indicates the presence of inflammation, infections and viruses in the body. The temperature from 37 to 38 degrees can not be brought down with the help of drugs, because in the body there is a struggle between healthy cells and pathogens.
There are many symptoms that indicate an increase in temperature, for example: weakness, fatigue, chills, head and muscle pain, loss of appetite and sweating. They should be paid increased attention to prevent the temperature from rising to 38.5 degrees.
The critical body temperature is an indicator of 42 ° C, and in most cases, a mark of 40 degrees already leads to death. High temperature leads to irreversible effects in the brain, metabolism in the brain tissue is impaired.
In this case, with an increase in temperature, higher than 38.5 degrees, bed rest, taking antipyretic drugs and compulsory medical attention or an ambulance call is important! To prevent death at a very high or low temperature, do not self-medicate, but always consult a doctor who can correctly determine the cause of this temperature, make a diagnosis and prescribe the right and effective treatment!