Treatment of atopic dermatitis in the acute period in children involves hospitalization, especially in severe cases of the disease. A prerequisite is also the identification and exclusion of contact with causally significant allergens. In this case, a hypoallergenic diet is prescribed. The products of an allergic reaction and allergens are eliminated from the body. To do this, the following activities are prescribed:
- cleansing enema;
- alkaline drink (plentiful);
- Enterosorption through the use of different sorbents (Enterodes, activated carbon, Lactofiltrum, Enterosgel and others), taking into account certain clinical manifestations.
Such measures can quickly eliminate the acute manifestations that accompany skin dermatitis. Treatment is also advisable with multienzyme preparations. These include “Creon”, “Mezim-forte”, “Panzinorm”, “Pancurmen”, “Enzistal” and others. Thus, food sensitization is reduced. The selection of the enzyme preparation is carried out taking into account the clinical symptoms.
The treatment of atopic dermatitis in the acute period in children includes such an important stage as the appointment of antihistamines. Today, in medical practice, first-generation drugs, due to the need to create their increased concentrations in order to obtain therapeutic results and the presence of side effects, have very limited use. To eliminate the acute manifestations accompanying atopic dermatitis, treatment is prescribed by parenteral administration of antihistamines. Tavegil is recommended for these purposes. This drug has a longer effect. It is advisable to eliminate severe itching in a short course using first-generation drugs that have a sedative effect. ("Suprastin", "Peritol"). After two to three days, the transition to antihistamines of the second generation is recommended.
The above drugs are highly specific and related to H1 receptors. In addition, antihistamines do not have an M-cholinotic effect, hypnotic and sedative effects, acting on the late and early phases of allergies, do not provoke the development of tachyphylaxis. The clinical efficacy of all drugs of this class at therapeutic dosages is approximately identical. However, in accordance with the safety of use, Loratadine may be the preferred drug.
Treatment of atopic dermatitis in combination with allergic rhinitis or bronchial asthma in children involves the appointment of third-generation antihistamines. The drugs do not have metabolites, as well as cardiotoxic and sedative properties. These include Desloratadine and Fexofenadine. The first has a pronounced antihistamine effect, significantly exceeding other known means. In addition, "Desloratadine" has an anti-inflammatory effect, in other words, it is able to block the release of histamine from mast cells, inhibit the migration of eosinophils and the synthesis of cytokines. The drug also quite quickly and effectively eliminates manifestations, in particular, nasal obstruction against the background of allergic rhinitis, reduces night attacks and cough with bronchial asthma.
The treatment of atopic dermatitis in children with severe hemostasis in the acute period is recommended using infusion therapy. In this case, vascular preparations, antiplatelet agents and anticoagulants are used to eliminate the phenomena of thrombovasculitis.
In the absence of the effect of the therapy, hormonal glucocorticosteroid treatment is indicated.