The essay “The Ecology Problem in Farewell to Mater ” , schoolchildren are already writing in high school. By this time, the student is an already practically formed personality, able to analyze, draw parallels between a work of art and real life, to offer his own point of view, justified by various arguments.
Story lines
The work of V. G. Rasputin permeates many threads connecting people with each other, with Mater , where they live, with a social system that requires a person to make efforts to arrange a new happy life and ruthlessly erase the past. But can a system that deny its own roots survive?
Environmental problems in the work “Farewell to Mater ” affect the ecology of human relations, the faith of each individual person, and actions, and, of course, the state of the environment. Be prudent, read this work if you have not picked it up, and pay attention to the following important details.
Nature and man
Each of us belongs to nature biologically. In the course of its historical development, man learned to demonstrate his strength by creating all the best living conditions for himself: literally drain the seas, reverse the course of rivers, compare mountains to land . Sometimes we do not think about the consequences, and only today we have acquired the ability to see the fruits of the activity that took place many decades (and even centuries) ago.
It was people who exterminated many animals, became a source of environmental pollution, and contributed to global warming. And although in Rasputin's novel “Farewell to Mater ” the problem of ecology in its direct meaning is clearly raised only in some fragments, the general background of the work makes the reader think.
Beliefs and Values
Each hero of the story has its own value system. Although Matera is a native place for each of them, everyone has their own attitude to it. The older generation does not know life outside their native island, outside their small village. For them to wipe Matera from the face of the earth - It’s the same as signing a verdict for yourself: this new world is closed for them with a violent rhythm of life, global plans, deadlines for accomplishing tasks and the “five-year plan for three years”. These people remember their roots. In “Farewell to Mater ”, the environmental problem is not the main thing for them. The holy is taken away from the old - their land, their memory, their youth.
The younger generation is people craving for action. As you know, all the revolutions of the world were carried out by the hands of youth, because they
not only want happiness - they strive for it. A sense of respect for the past is developed as one grows up, and these people still do not understand the beliefs of the elderly. They laugh at them for their eyes, because they believe in the prospects that tomorrow holds promise. They have the right to do so, it has always been so.
The most ordinary-looking, and on the other hand, the most rational, is the middle generation. They - their parents - are still alive, but they already have children, and they simply must understand both of them, at least in part. Perhaps that is why middle-aged characters seem “even” and are not distinguished by extremes in character.
To a brighter future
In literature, this work is usually considered from one point of view . The new government is to blame for not listening to people, and this makes its own sense. But do you remember how the industrialization, electrification, collectivization of the country took place? How was their property taken from churches? It would seem terrible things. But the Great Patriotic War showed: it was only thanks to these actions of the authorities that resources were obtained - financial, industrial, material - to survive and defend our Motherland. The environmental issue in Farewell to Mater is a complex issue and cannot be considered unambiguously. However, it is necessary to note one important point, to which there was no justification either.
Understanding
Different generations may have different faiths: old people - respect their ancestors, roots, native land; youth - to crave action, moving forward , demonstrating their strength. But inability and, most importantly, unwillingness to understand each other - this is the main problem of the story, if you dig a little deeper.
The question of fathers and children, so vividly demonstrated by Turgenev, arises in its entirety: how can we talk about the environmental problem in Farewell to Mater if people cannot understand each other even in small things? And only at the moment when we learn to see someone else's point of view, we can solve truly complex issues without the use of violence.
Vaccination against stupidity
As you know, they do not condemn stupidity, but they scold it for not wanting to grow wiser. Pay attention to the following argument on the problem of ecology in “Farewell to Matera ”: the authorities that destroy nature through the hands of young people have already outlived their own - we know this from the lessons of history. That country is no more, and society has become smarter.
Of course, it was possible to solve the problems of the state in other ways, but the rake that was covered at that time turned out to be effective. It is terrible to imagine what people with such convictions would do today, when human abilities have multiplied many times. Thus, the “ecological nonsense” of forty -, fifty - and a hundred years ago can be considered a vaccination against their repetition and aggravation in the future.
Parallels to Modernity
In conclusion, I would like to note that the issue of denying the roots, erasing the past in favor of a brighter future is urgently raised today. With the advent of new power in a neighboring, bloodly related country, our common ancestors were revised. There is nothing wrong with developing a national identity, but if it is built on a destructive, rather than creative, basis, it will not last long.
As in Farewell to Matera , the problem of the ecology of intergenerational relations takes on special significance: no future can be built without mutual understanding within the country, without a desire to take into account the interests of each side, it will not be possible to shift the heavy burden of responsibility of the authorities to each citizen. Otherwise, it will turn out like Grandfather Krylov’s fable about Swan, Cancer and Pike: everyone will pull in his own direction, the cart will fall apart.