Often blood from the nose (epistaxis) comes for no apparent reason. If there is no injury, and the general state of health is normal, but bleeding opens, that is, the likelihood of developing any disease. Perhaps the blood from the nose comes from overwork, after a sunstroke or severe stress, which is not uncommon in modern life. But repeated bleeding is an occasion to think, undergo a comprehensive medical examination and consult with an appropriate specialist.
Perhaps the reason lies in the fragility of blood vessels, the presence of any disease of the respiratory or cardiovascular system. In this case, urgent measures must be taken to stop the bleeding (special pills, nasal plugging will help, in some cases surgical intervention is necessary), then preventive therapy is prescribed. It is recommended that you take vitamin complexes. How to strengthen the blood vessels of the nose?
Local causes of bleeding
How to strengthen blood vessels? Blood comes from the nose for various reasons, before treatment, you need to determine them so that the therapy is effective. In adults, this symptom is rarely a symptom of a serious illness, but you still need to know the causes that can cause it. Local causes are considered to be deformation of the nasal septum, mechanical, thermal or chemical damage, due to which the integrity of the mucosa is broken and blood vessels are broken (shock, temperature changes, inhalation of aggressive odors), chronic rhinitis, adenoiditis, sinusitis, the presence of neoplasms of a benign or malignant nature in nasal cavity, the presence of foreign objects in the cavity.
Common causes of nosebleeds
In addition, repeated bleeding can be the result of atherosclerosis, in particular atherosclerosis of the vessels of the nasal cavity, diseases that affect blood coagulation (hemophilia, anemia, thrombocytopenia, and so on), infectious diseases that occur with complications, hormonal disorders, or global restructuring of the body ( during puberty, pregnancy, menopause, after the first menstruation). Chronic stresses and severe overwork, regular lack of sleep, nervous and physical exhaustion of the body can lead to vascular weakness. In such cases, blood usually flows in the afternoon.
Often, bleeding opens against the background of an allergic reaction (the doctor will establish such a diagnosis if vascular fragility is accompanied by chronic rhinitis), a lack of vitamins K and C, which ensure normal blood coagulation and keep the vessels in good condition, polyps - growths on the mucous membrane that put pressure on the vessels, make breathing difficult and cause frequent nosebleeds (especially in the morning). If during the examination of the patient it is not possible to establish a specific diagnosis, then, most likely, the unpleasant symptom is caused precisely by vitamin deficiency.
Blood from the nose and pressure: high or low
Epistaxis may be associated with arterial hypertension or hypotension, but this is not always the case. Both high and low blood pressure can cause bleeding, but in some cases, the reasons lie in other health problems. Another cause of the unpleasant symptom is taking drugs that lower blood pressure and thin the blood. You may need to stop taking the medicine for a while, but the final decision should be made only by the doctor. Low blood pressure causes nosebleeds in most patients.
Stop bleeding
Often, bleeding opens due to a sharp drop in blood pressure. But stopping the blood at both high and low rates is quite difficult, so it is quite possible that the patient will need medical attention or hospitalization in a medical facility. When bleeding from the nose, the patient must first be reassured, because epistaxis can intensify with fright and a rapid heartbeat. You can not tilt your head back, because so the blood can be in the stomach or respiratory tract. The head should be slightly tilted forward. In addition, it will help determine localization. If the blood goes hard, then you need to call an ambulance.
Perhaps the patient will need to plug his nose or apply strong hemostatic drugs. With a decrease or increase in pressure, therapeutic measures are needed that normalize the patient's condition. It is advisable to visit the ENT specialist, who will cauterize the damaged area with silver nitrate or chromic acid, after anesthetizing. In case of blood coagulation or vascular diseases, blood starts to flow again after removal of the tampon. Therefore, repeated bleeding requires examination and consultation of several narrow specialists, namely the therapist, endocrinologist, neuropathologist, hematologist. So it will be possible to find and eliminate the cause of epistaxis.
If the blood does not go very strongly, then you need to carefully try to press your finger on the wing of the nose, connecting it to the nasal septum. You can introduce a piece of cotton wool with hydrogen peroxide into the nasal passage. On the back of the head, it’s better to put something cold - an ice pack or a bottle of cold water. If the patient is in the building, then you need to open the window, you can give him a cotton swab dipped in ammonia. It helps rubbing the temples with any alcohol-containing drug or ethyl alcohol.
Causes of vascular weakness
Vessels can become brittle with sudden changes in temperature, due to exposure to ultraviolet rays, from the use of hot and hot dishes, drinks containing chocolate and caffeine, provoke frequent bleeding, smoking and drinking alcohol. Other common causes:
- improper lifestyle, excessive physical activity, unbalanced diet, disturbance of sleep and wakefulness;
- various blood pathologies associated with a violation of the composition or coagulability;
- fever with infectious diseases;
- hypertension, pathologies of the heart and blood vessels, the symptom of which is high blood pressure;
- diseases of the cavity and sinuses of the nose, for example, chronic sinusitis, sinusitis, rhinitis, inflammation;
- allergic reactions;
- liver disease, hypersensitivity, which is accompanied by rhinitis;
- hormonal changes during childbearing, puberty, or the extinction of reproductive function (menopause).
The clinical picture of vascular weakness
Symptoms of weakening of blood vessels in the nose are simple, but not always the problem manifests itself in the form of bleeding. Streaks of blood in the discharge from the nose or vascular damage can indicate the presence of a disease. Damage to the vessels is accompanied by cramps, which give soreness and discomfort to the nose. These same symptoms may be the result of a foreign body entering the cavity, which could injure the vessels and block the nasal passage, preventing the blood from flowing out. Vascular fragility can be manifested by redness of the skin with a visible vascular pattern, dryness.
Drug solution to the problem
How to strengthen the vessels of the nose with frequent bleeding? If bleeding is caused by a specific disease, then first of all it is necessary to treat the cause - chronic sinusitis, rhinitis or hypertension, for example. In each individual case, the tactics of therapy, taking into account the characteristics of the patient and the course of the disease, should be developed by a narrow specialist. In addition, drugs can be prescribed for emergency stopping of bleeding and for normalizing the state of blood vessels in order to prevent the appearance of this symptom again in the future.
Hemostatic drugs
How to strengthen the vessels in the nose? First you need to take urgent measures to stop the bleeding, and then think about prevention. For urgent blood arrest, the drug “Ditsinon” (sodium ethamylate) is suitable, which enhances the aggregation and adhesion of individual blood components, helps form blood clots to close the damaged area. “Vikasol” tablets (provitamin K) are used in medical practice. The medicine enhances the effect of "Dicinon", but the effect appears only 12 hours after administration, which must be taken into account when prescribing. The action of this tool is based on enhancing the synthesis of prothrombin, which is necessary for the successful formation of blood clots.
How to strengthen the walls of blood vessels in the nose? Calcium chloride increases the tone of the walls of blood vessels and reduces the permeability of the wall by aggregation of blood elements. Aminocaproic acid has an effect on the anticoagulant system so that the resulting blood clots dissolve quickly. The drugs listed above do not always help. In some cases, nasal tamponade or even surgical intervention is necessary. In addition, treatment should include etiological therapy, which is necessary to eliminate the cause of bleeding and vascular weakness.
Vascular strengthening preparations
How to strengthen the vessels in the nose? For prevention, the patient is prescribed Ascorutin. As part of the drug, ascorbic acid and rutin. The medicine is effective against vessels that are dilated, helping to prevent brittleness associated with thinning of the wall. To achieve a lasting positive effect, therapy should be continued for three weeks. Often, patients are prescribed calcium dobesilate, which normalizes vascular permeability, reduces platelet aggregation, and dilutes blood. The course of treatment should be at least three weeks.
How to strengthen the vessels and capillaries in the nose? Depending on the concomitant symptoms, the results of tests and examinations, drugs that control cholesterol levels (Mefacor, Atromidine), calcium antagonists (such as Cinnarizine), nootropics that help normalize cerebral circulation (Cerebrolysin, Piracetam) may be prescribed "), Drugs that expand the lumen of blood vessels and improve nutrition (" Piricarbat "," Escin ").
Vitamin Complexes
How to strengthen the weak vessels of the nose? Patients must be prescribed vitamin complexes in combination with microelements. At the pharmacy you can buy Antiox, Vitrum Cardio or Reoton. Most likely, the doctor will prescribe one of these complexes, but you must first get specialist advice, and only then buy the drugs.
Hardware Methods
How to strengthen the vessels of the nose with frequent bleeding? Electrocoagulation, ozone therapy, laser or phototherapy can help. Electrocoagulation destroys an enlarged or damaged vessel by an electric pulse, but the method is applicable only in small areas. Photo and laser therapy is not justified in small areas, but it allows you to effectively treat a large area of the lesion. Ozone therapy is the introduction of a mixture of ozone and oxygen, which helps to restore deformed vascular walls.
Non-drug therapy
How to strengthen the vessels in the nose of a child? In this case, individual drugs are prescribed on the recommendation of a doctor, vitamin therapy, as well as non-drug treatment. So how to strengthen the vessels in the nose? After stopping the bleeding in the nasal passages, you can instill two drops of rosehip oil or sea buckthorn, which will not allow the mucosa to dry out, and also prevent damage to the capillaries. It is useful to rinse with brine, for the preparation of which a tablespoon of salt (it is better to take iodized) must be dissolved in a glass of clean water (boiled).
How to strengthen the vessels in the nose? A good effect gives a decoction of plantain and yarrow. The plants are crushed with a knife, and then the juice is drained, the resulting liquid is instilled into the nasal passage two drops four times a day. You can prepare a decoction of oak bark and viburnum berries. Two tablespoons of the crushed product (each component) is poured with boiling water and cook over low heat. Boil the broth for 15 minutes. After the mixture you need to strain and drink one tablespoon every five hours.