Ballpoint pens and paper letters are quietly a thing of the past. Not because people began to write less. On the contrary. Modern means of communication have facilitated the ability to contact one person with another. Email is better and faster than traditional. But you still have to write, albeit with a keyboard. It is advisable to do it competently.
Grammar knows how to
The whole set of spelling laws is too large to fit into the framework of one article. Even a short list of what you need to know in order to be considered a competent person can instill a feeling of self-doubt.
Spelling, syntax, punctuation - this is the ocean of rules and exceptions. But not everything is so hopeless. Wise Chinese say that a thousand miles begins with the first step. Let's start with the example of disjointed verbs.
What is conjugation?
This is a change of verbs in person and number. Neither time, nor gender, nor other grammatical categories are taken into account. But why, in general, need to harness them? Just to write the ending correctly. “Do you know how” or “Do you know how”? In the second case, people will laugh. In the first, respect. The choice, as they say, is yours.
Verbs with stressed endings cannot make mistakes. As it is heard, it is written. But often there are situations when the stress falls on another part of the word. Then it can be difficult to make a choice between “E” and “I”. Here conjugation comes to the rescue. Choosing the right ending is easy.
Rules and Exceptions
Verbs conjugate in different ways. It depends on the ending that they acquire when changing face and number. That is why it is possible to avoid mistakes in spelling words. There are few options here:
- I conjugation;
- II conjugation;
- disjointed.
We will find out which verbs are controversial later, but for now let us dwell on the first two points. They are known to the majority of the Russian-speaking population. Because you don’t need to remember them - just apply the rule.
It is suitable in 99% of cases, and it can be formulated as follows: when the end of a verb is unstressed, an indefinite form is taken and the ending is determined. If the infinitive ends in -it, we have a second conjugation. All others relate to the first. The ending table is as follows:
It follows from the table that the first person singular has an ending (s) in both the first and second conjugations. How to determine where to include the verb: to I or II conjugation?
In this case, it makes no sense to ask such a question. In the end, we need conjugation only in order to correctly write the ending. If it is one and the same, there is no point in overworking.
Are there really no exceptions to these rules? Even as it is, and these are not examples of disjointed verbs. There are few of them. Eleven must belong to the first conjugation, but belong to the second.
The other three are similar to their mirror image. But the best name for them is defectors. Must be in one group, but located in another. They must also be remembered.
Versatile verbs in Russian
But our language is rich and powerful. There will always be a couple of exceptions that can baffle anyone. The verbs in question did not escape this fate.
It is easy to make mistakes in their writing, because they have the same endings that are inherent in the correct forms. For all that, they do not want to obey the general rules. It is good that they are few. More precisely, only two:
The main rule for disjointed verbs is to remember, write them in convolutions like the way information is recorded on DVD-R. Neither change nor delete. It seems to be easy. But not so simple.
The forms formed from these two stubborn are more numerous. From one, the words “run away” and “run away”, “run away” and “run away”, “run in and run away” are formed. From the other - “to get sick,” to want, ““ to get out. ” And that is not all.
What’s the point? The fact that each of these words is conjugated first or second conjugation. Moreover, they do not recognize any rules, and the endings in each case will also have to be remembered. The table below shows the variation of non-conjugated verbs. Conjugation of verbs according to the rules is not applicable in this case.
It happens that it is not possible to remember disjointed verbs in the Russian language. Then you need to apply a special algorithm. To assign a verb to one or another conjugation, you should sort out all the faces and numbers. If all of them coincide with the table data, you can be sure of the correct conclusion. Any exception indicates that the verb is controversial.
Exception to exception
There are other exceptions. Their representatives are similar to examples of disjointed verbs in that it is not clear where to attribute them. But unlike their non-standard counterparts, no place is provided for them in the system.
They change their endings as they please. It is believed that this is a heritage of ancient times, when everything was not as it is now. There is only one way to write them correctly: remember, harden, memorize.
There is a mnemonic clue that helps remember two exceptions. The school teaches that the verb “give” gives all the vowels from the endings. And about the second friend of this couple - “is” - they say that he eats them.
And, of course, both verbs have derivative forms: “create”, “finish”, “overeat”, “give out”. They also fall out of all the rules. They are called verbs with a special ending system.
Still have questions?
It would seem that everything is clear and understandable. But, when it comes to practice, sometimes there are doubts about the correct spelling. What to do? We must remember that we live in the era of the Internet. There are many online services that will completely morphologically analyze any word.
In addition, programs for entering text from voice are becoming increasingly popular. They translate sounds into letters with great accuracy, so remembering examples of disjointed verbs is desirable, but not necessary.