The culture of human speech speaks of erudition, upbringing, intelligence. Good command of the word allows you to grow up the career ladder, be the soul of the company and find mutual understanding with people. The teacher’s speech culture is an important quality in professional activity.
What is speech culture
Under the culture understand the possession of oral and written speech. The development of the teacher’s speech culture, in addition to linguistic norms, includes abnormal speech behavior, the use of jargon or unpleasant neologisms. At the same time, a low culture is revealed.
The norms of the language are gradually changing, new words are added that were previously incomprehensible. Culture and attitude are changing under the influence of the media, society, media personalities.
The culture of the teacher’s speech should not be distorted under the influence of modern realities. Much attention is paid to this during the training of the profession. A person working with children should get acquainted with the norms of the literary language, oratory techniques. To be able to find a common language with the team and children.
Aspects of the teacher's professional language
The culture of the teacher’s professional speech is based on three aspects:
- normative;
- communicative;
- ethical.
Regulatory involves familiarity with the literary norms of the Russian language. It is important to correctly apply them when talking. A teacher is a person who needs to establish contact with students, sometimes with their parents. Knowledge of the regulatory aspect does not solve this problem. When communicating, you need to take into account the age, mood, interests of the interlocutor. Correctly chosen words, the use of linguistic means are called communicative aspects.
The ethical aspect includes compliance with the rules of conduct, respect for the listener, tact, friendliness and delicacy in communication. Compliance with etiquette allows you to determine the level of education of a person.
The definition of the three components of the teacher’s speech culture and the ability to use them in a conversation can establish contact when communicating with other people. Under the culture understand the knowledge and skills that people use when communicating with others.
Culture levels
Two levels of speech culture are determined:
- basic - a person speaks the rules of the language, does not make blunders, correctly puts emphasis, declines words;
- the highest - the ability to use expressive words and phrases in a conversation, to bring communication to the goal.
The requirements for the culture of the teacher’s speech are quite high. In addition to correctly constructed sentences, the teacher must have a large vocabulary. For the development of lexical knowledge, it is necessary to read a lot of works of various formats. It is important to highlight new words, interesting turns and use them in the future. This requires continuous training in oral and written language.
Communication with different people allows you to join in interesting topics for conversation. It is necessary to maintain a culture of speech, to be attentive and polite to the interlocutor, to talk on any topic. High language culture makes communication easy and laid-back. Correctly constructed phrases help to express your opinion without hurting the feelings of the interlocutor.
Cultural speech is based on the spiritual foundation of the ancestors who created the language and laid a special sound in it. But the wealth of words appeared thanks to the traditions of the peoples to which it belongs.
Beautiful, well-chosen words have a significant impact on students. Therefore, the culture of the teacher’s speech is so important for the spiritual enrichment of students and finding a common language with them.
Speech quality
The level of speech culture is understood as the quality of speech. Distinguish the culture of personality and the culture of society. The culture of speech in the professional activity of the teacher is individual. It consists of human erudition and the ability to translate knowledge into words. Proper use of the language speaks of a sense of style and taste.
Speech is influenced by society. The teacher collects, remembers and applies the best samples of speech turns in a conversation. Knowledge is derived from classical and modern works that correspond to the norms of the literary language.
The culture of teachers' speech, its elements are composed of components: speech etiquette, language norms, standards, style, types and forms of speech. Successful mastery of all components is called communicative competency.
Teacher's speech
The teacher’s speech culture is assessed by the ability to perceive information and understand the interlocutor. It is necessary to choose the right attitude towards the interlocutor and act according to the situation.
A specific feature of the work of the teacher and educator is daily communication with a large number of people. The age of the interlocutors may be different. The task of the teacher is to form the personality of the teenager, to help in difficult situations. Intellectual development and the formation of rules of behavior in society lies on the shoulders of the teacher. To implement this, you need to have knowledge of psychology and professional communication skills.
Speech is the main tool for influencing the student. In a word, you can change the thoughts and actions of a person. In order to convey information to the interlocutor, it is necessary to use linguistic means correctly, consistently express thoughts, predict a person’s reaction to words, have a good memory, behave politely, be intellectually developed and erudite.
The voice of the teacher must be developed. Good diction and articulation are the basis of a competent presentation of information. Using synonyms improves speech quality. Intonation helps convey mood and attitude. In the conversation of the teacher it is unacceptable to use words - parasites, to stretch words, add vague sounds. The pronunciation of jargon, patterns worsen perception.
Teacher Speech Requirements
The teacher’s speech should be simple and clear. The sentences are short and concise. It is necessary to exclude difficult for perception turns that do not make sense. What the teacher said must be understood by children. Speech - corresponds to the age of the child, his idea of ​​the world around him. In this case, the child must develop. From simple sentences sufficient for the baby, the teacher comes to the words that the pupil of the preparatory group perceives, and then the student.
The demand for a teacher’s speech culture is large. Pupils, on the basis of the teacher’s statements, form an idea of ​​the world, get communication skills.
An experienced teacher should be familiar with the techniques that affect the child. Be able to apply skills with the interlocutor, regardless of age. Requirements for the culture of the teacher's speech:
- Logicality. The teacher must correctly build the sentence and transmit information. In preschool age, the child learns to speak, convey thought. The teacher has a significant impact on the formation of the child's speech. In the school period, following logic helps students structure their knowledge base and build vocabulary.
- Accuracy. Using ambiguous sentences is not allowed. Information should not be distorted. The teacher’s speech should be devoid of grammatical and semantic errors.
- Relevance. A good quality teacher is a sense of tact. Words should correspond to the situation, shape the behavior of students.
- Expressiveness. A teacher who knows how to lure a child and keep his attention is appreciated by children and parents. Pupils will not hear a monologue without intonation. It is necessary to emphasize the main points in the conversation.
- The richness of the teacher’s speech forms the quality communication of students.
- Right. Suggestions must be built in accordance with the norms of the language.
- Purity. When communicating with children, it is unacceptable to use the words parasites and jargon. The teacher's speech should be deprived of non-literary vocabulary.
The ability of the teacher not only to speak, but also to hear the student is the key to successful work with children.
The formation of the culture of future teachers
The development of language culture is a fundamental factor in the formation of the personality of a child. Education in modern society is no longer a part of culture. When teaching future teachers a lot of time is devoted to this issue. The inner culture of man forms high-quality speech.
For teachers characterized by the possession of certain speech genres, the definition of the audience of students. Communication becomes an important skill during the work of the teacher. The concepts of “speech culture” and “correct speech” are not synonymous.
The main task of the teacher is to educate a cultured person. The younger generation must think quickly and be creative. The ability to find a common language with the interlocutor affects the success of the teacher and the team as a whole. The correct speech of the teacher indicates the state of modern education.
The fundamentals of the technique and culture of the teacher’s speech are laid in the learning process. Working by profession, the teacher develops skills and improves the language. Education workers have a responsibility to shape the next generation culture.
When developing communication skills, attention is paid to the following aspects:
- The ability to make the right decision during a conversation. Quickly adapt to existing conditions.
- The ability to properly build a conversation, according to the norms of communication. Avoid blunders.
- Providing feedback.
- Emotion Management.
- The ability to initiate communication.
- Skill of the correct presentation of information.
The culture of the teacher-psychologist
The professionalism of the teacher-psychologist is determined by the ability to interact with students and their parents. The psychologist must have a sufficient theoretical base and practical skills. The speech culture of the teacher-psychologist is an important element in communicating with students.
The psychologist has knowledge about the age of the trainees, selects understandable expressions and compares them with his professional characteristics. To improve the culture of speech, the psychologist can independently increase knowledge and skills. Reading fiction and professional literature allows you to include in the speech turnovers that increase the effectiveness of what was said.
The teacher-psychologist must adjust speech and behavior based on the corresponding situation. An important quality of the profession is the ability to flexibly rebuild the conversation, using practical methods to achieve results with students. When communicating with parents, the pedagogue psychologist analyzes and introspects. Further improving communication skills.
The formation of communicative speech culture
For the development of a culture of speech, teachers require knowledge of human culture, art. The interaction of the teacher with students depends on the culture of communication, self-development and self-education. The formation of speech should occur according to certain rules. In their absence, an authoritarian style of behavior, conflicts and tension between the student and the teacher are manifested.
To develop communication skills, the teacher should improve the following skills:
- the ability to listen;
- diction;
- expressiveness;
- sociability;
- openness.
The desire for contact with people, the ability to empathize - the qualities necessary for the teacher. However, there are characteristics that prevent contact between the teacher and the learner:
- violation of diction;
- monotony in conversation;
- inability to listen, self-absorption;
- isolation;
- lack of desire to communicate.
The teacher has to communicate long and often. If there is no desire to make contact, the teacher quickly gets tired, becomes irritable, which negatively affects students.
Speech problems of modern educators
Active development of the culture of speech during the training took place among teachers who currently have decent experience. Modern education pays less importance to improving the culture of speech of teachers. University graduates do not take into account the colloquial situation, do not have a sense of tact, add jargon.
The requirements for the culture of speech of a modern teacher are increasing, and on the threshold of educational institutions appear specialists with a low level of speech education. This contradiction occurs for several reasons:
- excessive borrowing of foreign words;
- the abundance of colloquial vocabulary;
- depreciation of the Russian language;
- decreased interest in reading;
- low level of speech culture in society.
Russian schools do not devote enough time to learning communication skills. Communication takes place spontaneously. Teachers perfect natural inclinations. With the inability to easily and freely start a conversation, young teachers are locked in themselves. This negatively affects the trainees, does not allow to reveal their abilities. The teacher is a profession that requires high speech activity.