The problem of alcohol in Russia has always been. The fight against drunkenness and low-quality alcohol at different times gave different results. Today, the sale of alcohol is permitted, but with a number of conditions and amendments. In order to legally trade alcoholic beverages, it is important to comply with all the requirements of the law of the Russian Federation. Which ones, we will understand further.
Laws on the sale of alcohol in Russia
In Russia, Federal Law No. 171 On the Sale of Alcoholic Products is in force. Every year it undergoes various improvements and toughening. In 2018, the law was again amended. The law "On the sale of alcoholic beverages" is aimed primarily at combating the production of illegal and low-quality alcohol, and only after that - at combating alcoholism.
The main requirements for the sale of alcoholic beverages:
- The ban on the sale of alcohol from 23 hours to 8 in the morning.
- The ban on the sale of alcohol on holidays associated with children and youth, as well as on the day of sobriety - September 11th.
- EGAIS (Unified State Automated Information System.) - full control over the sale of any alcoholic beverages, synchronized with the Internet. Control: time of sale, quantity, price, barcodes, brand of alcoholic beverage, all information automatically enters the system.
- It is forbidden to sell any alcoholic beverages over the Internet (2018 amendment).
- All entrepreneurs involved in the sale of any alcoholic beverages must have special equipment and a program synchronized with the Unified State Automated Information System.
- Entrepreneurs must be licensed to sell alcohol. Each bottle must be labeled.
- It is forbidden to transport more than 5 liters of alcoholic beverages without labeling.
- It is forbidden to sell alcohol to persons under the age of 18.
It is worth mentioning that non-compliance or violation of laws stipulated by the Russian Federation on the sale of alcoholic beverages threatens with serious fines, and in special cases even with criminal liability and deprivation of the opportunity to engage in alcohol trade.
Law on the Prohibition of the Sale of Alcohol to Minors
According to statistics, about 80% of all crimes committed by young people under the age of 18 were committed while intoxicated. In order to preserve the health of the younger generation, as well as reduce crime, the sale of alcohol to minors in Russia is strictly prohibited (Article 151.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation). This applies to any alcohol, whether it is beer or wine. We come of age at 18.
In case of violation of this law, an entrepreneur may be deprived of a license to sell alcoholic beverages or a fine of 30 to 500 thousand rubles may be imposed, and in some cases criminal liability is also possible.
Required documents
To obtain a license for the sale of alcoholic beverages, you must collect a number of documents. This is not a quick, but mandatory process.
Necessary documents for the sale of alcoholic beverages:
- The first thing to do is to write an application for a license and attach the following documents to it (hereinafter referred to as the list).
- Provide a receipt for the payment of state duty.
- Prepare all constituent documentation.
- Prepare all tax certificates.
- Present documents on the conclusion of the service of the Ministry of Emergencies and Rospotrebnadzor.
- Provide a certificate of lack of debt from the IFTS.
- Prepare Goskomstat codes.
- Provide a lease or property documents. The room must fully comply with all standards for the area and availability of equipment.
Alcohol license
Despite the constant tightening of measures in the field of alcohol trade, in Russia today, 20% of counterfeit alcohol products are reported. One of the main requirements for the sale of alcohol is to obtain a license to sell it. Anyone who intends to sell alcohol-containing products must obtain a license to sell alcohol. The cost of the license depends on the content of ethyl alcohol in a particular product. Wholesale and retail sales are also considered.
How to get a license? First you need to prepare a room in which alcohol will be sold. All norms are taken into account: equipment for sale, area (not less than 50 m 2 ), remoteness from social institutions (minimum 100 m), the presence of all communications. It is necessary to present the collected documents (as discussed above). Then follow the appeal to the Federal Service for Rosalkogolregulirovanie.
License Prices
The license for the retail sale of alcoholic products for a year is 65,000 rubles today. for the city, in the Crimea, this amount is reduced to 26,000 rubles. In rural areas and small towns, you can purchase a retail license for 3,500 rubles.
For wholesale, this amount is much higher - 800 000 rubles. weak alcohol (beer, wine). The same amount will have to be paid for the ability to transport and store alcohol. If you wish, you can purchase a license immediately for five years for strong alcohol for 9.5 million rubles. A license is acquired every year.
Rules for the sale of alcohol
Today, amendments were made to the EGAIS. Now, when supplying and accepting alcohol for sale, it is necessary to bring all alcohol products into the general system. The rules for the sale of alcohol products are tightened annually in order to reduce the penetration of low-quality goods on the market .
In addition to the general Russian EGAIS system, the seller is required to enter all information about each bottle into the cash system. It also takes into account the labeling of each bottle, the barcode of each product, a code that contains information about the manufacturer, his license to manufacture, and other information about the product.
Retail sale of alcoholic beverages is possible subject to all the rules provided for by the law of the Russian Federation. However, there are a number of prohibitions, the violation of which leads to serious fines and, in some cases, to criminal liability. What is prohibited in the retail sale of alcohol:
- It is forbidden to retail alcohol in premises owned by educational, children's and educational institutions.
- Forbidden retail sales in wholesale warehouses and wholesale markets.
- Retail sale of alcoholic beverages in any public transport is prohibited.
- It is forbidden to sell alcohol at all military facilities, training grounds and on the territory of military units.
- It is also forbidden to retail alcohol at train stations and airports.
- The retail sale of alcohol is prohibited during any public events, celebrations, rallies and processions.
- Naturally, the sale of alcohol is prohibited without a license and to persons under the age of 18.
- It is forbidden to sell any alcohol over the Internet.
How to organize the sale of alcohol?
To organize the sale of any alcoholic beverages, you will need a lot of time and financial investment. However, from year to year, entrepreneurs who obtain permits for the sale of alcohol receive considerable benefits from trade. In Russia, 80% of the adult population drinks alcohol; not a single holiday and celebration, as well as a sad event, can do without a “fun” drink. Alcohol is a regular product in restaurants, bars and cafes.
To organize the sale of alcoholic beverages, you will need:
- Find a suitable room that will meet all the standards both inside and for placement in accordance with the law on the retail sale of alcohol.
- Execute all documents (referred to above).
- Write an application for a license, pay the state fee, provide the relevant documents.
- Install a cash register with a special program that will be synchronized via the Internet with the EGAIS system.
- Comply with all the rules of the sale, time, prohibition of selling to minors.
Penalties for violation of the sale of alcohol
After completing all the necessary documents, acquiring a license, an entrepreneur can begin selling alcoholic beverages. Today, alcohol can be purchased at a supermarket or store, or at any restaurant, bar and kiosk. However, despite the availability of information and serious fines, entrepreneurs often violate or try to circumvent the law. The most common violations concern the storage and transportation of alcohol, as well as the lack of a license.
All alcohol products must be declared. This is the main requirement that applies to all entrepreneurs selling alcohol products. Such errors will cost officials from 5,000 to 10,000 rubles. For legal entities - from 50,000 to 100,000 rubles.
For the sale of alcohol to minors, when proving this fact, the entrepreneur will have to fork out from 30,000 to 500,000 rubles. Legal entities will have to pay the maximum.
For the sale of alcohol without appropriate documents, officials will have to pay from 10,000 to 15,000 rubles. with confiscation of all products. Legal entities will pay for such a violation from 200,000-300,000 rubles. The same amount will have to be paid for a violation while working with the EGAIS system.
Such administrative fines are provided for each violation in the sale of alcohol.
Statistics
Over the past 10 years, the number of alcohol-dependent people has grown, and this applies primarily to young people. However, recent years have been giving a positive trend. In Russia, there is an active propaganda of sports and a proper lifestyle. The Winter Olympics in Sochi and the World Cup were held, which could not but affect the positive dynamics and the desire of the population to live without alcohol.
Today, Russia is on the 14th place in the world in the amount of alcohol consumed per capita of the adult population, and this figure is decreasing! But the Russians still drink a lot. 3.4% of the total population of the Russian Federation are ill with alcoholism, which is approximately 5,000,000 people. The figure is shocking, even on the scale of such a large country. About 30% of men and 15% of women die from alcoholism each year, which is approximately 500,000 people each year. A disappointing figure is the average age of adolescents starting to drink at about 13-14 years old already strong alcoholic drinks.
The experience of other countries
The problem of alcoholism is not only Russian, many developed countries suffer from excessive alcohol consumption. Different states struggle with this problem in different ways. For example, there are several countries where the sale of alcohol is generally prohibited (Pakistan, Sudan, Saudi Arabia, Maldives, Libya, etc.). And others deliberately greatly increase the price of alcohol in order to reduce the purchasing power of citizens (England, France, Germany). In Norway, Sweden and Switzerland, profits from the sale of alcohol go to the fight against alcoholism, which, unfortunately, does not affect the amount of alcohol consumed. In the USA, Finland and Turkey, the import of alcohol is prohibited.
Conclusion
Selling alcoholic beverages brings a lot of income, and entrepreneurs are not worried about the problem of alcoholism in Russia. However, the state annually continues to combat child and adolescent alcoholism. Alcohol consumption leads not only to a quick death of the population, alcoholic psychoses, but also to more than 50% of all crimes committed, as well as a moral decline in the population!