In elementary school, knowledge is laid in all basic subjects, which will be very important in the further education of the child. Particular attention is given to the Russian language and the study of basic rules and concepts. Among them, an important place is occupied by knowledge about speech and its components, including such a concept as the root of a word.
This concept is abstract, so children often experience difficulties in learning it. Correctly explaining and showing in practice its meaning, as well as the main spelling that it appears in, is a difficult task, but quite feasible.
It should be noted that the root of the word is its only mandatory component. Other morphemes may be absent in certain words, but without a root there are no words, and some of them may consist only of this part. To say that this morpheme carries the lexical meaning of the whole meaning of the word correctly, but this is not the only main characteristic, since some words (for example, most official or proper nouns) have a root that is found only in them and nowhere else.
The simplest way to highlight the root of a word is to select word forms and root words. For schoolchildren, who are most often not given difficult cases, this is quite enough. However, it is important that the examples contain a variety of morphemes and are not similar (with prefixes, without them, with suffixes, endings, etc.). It is worth noting that on some bases there are runaway vowels or alternating consonants (for example, take-ber, roots br- and ber-; run-run, run-and-run roots). Therefore, to navigate in the selection of this morpheme, as well as in the selection of cognates, follows the lexical meaning that is contained here.
One of the main orthograms studied already in the second grade are paired consonants in the root of the word. In this case, we are talking about voiced and deaf sounds that are indicated by a letter in a letter, depending on the test. Children at this age, in most cases, write what they hear, and therefore it is necessary to teach them how to find the right letter. To check this spelling you should choose paired words, the root of the words of which will be the desired sound. However, in one case, he will be in a weak position, that is, at the end of a word or in combination of a group of consonants, and in another - in a strong one. For example, the word "snow", in this case, the sonorous sound of G is not heard clearly, closer to the deaf X or K. And in the snow form, the sonorous sound is already clearly heard, which must be indicated on the letter in both cases.
Since younger students still have a poor perception of theoretical knowledge, it is worthwhile to show more examples in practice. The best option for explaining the material would be to first perform several exercises so that the children can independently formulate the rule and understand its principle, since such knowledge will be the most robust.
Another spelling, no less important, is alternating vowels, the spelling of which depends on several factors. In this case, the difficulty can cause the selection of the root of the word, which may differ in sound, for example, thickets and plants. The root here will grow and grow, and it is worth paying attention first of all to the lexical meaning that they contain.
It must be said that in order to study the root of the word and the spelling that it contains, a rather large number of hours are allocated in the program of both primary and secondary schools. At the same time, most of them should be spent not on studying theoretical material, but on practical exercises that will help to consolidate children's knowledge.