Educational and methodological support: definition of a concept, standard materials, organization of the educational process

One of the essential conditions for the effective implementation of the Federal State Educational Standard is the appropriate educational, methodological and informational support. More experienced teachers may prefer not to use off-the-shelf developments, but will compose their own materials. Beginning teachers can’t do without the achievements of other specialists. What is the educational and methodological support of the educational process? What is included in it? What is it for? Read the answers to these and other questions in the article.

Definition

Educational and methodological support is a set of documents containing a systematic description of the educational process to be implemented in practice. It acts as a didactic tool for managing the training of teachers, an information model of the educational system that defines the structure and reflects the elements of the process.

Key features

Educational and methodological support for discipline, specialty, subject, section, module, etc. is presented in the form of a specific complex, which in one form or another should:

• reflect the essence of preparation, justification of the level of development of the material;
• include didactic material corresponding to the organizational form of the educational process, allowing the student to achieve the required level of development of the material;
• provide students with the opportunity at any time to check the results and effectiveness of their work, independently monitor and adjust educational activities;
• include objective methods for assessing the quality of education on the part of teachers and the administration of an educational institution.

The provision of discipline, module, specialty, subject, topic, etc. should fully cover the main content of the educational material. Complexity is expressed in the fact that the study of each subsequent key question on the content of training for each section (topic) of the program is ensured by the optimal minimum of tools and teaching aids, documentation, which improves the quality of the whole process as a whole.

Goals and objectives

For the teacher, the educational and methodological support of the educational process is necessary for a detailed reflection of the availability and condition of teaching aids, analysis of the degree of disclosure of a particular discipline in the programs of various specialties and their subsequent reduction into a single logical system.

Learning a set of didactic materials helps to gain knowledge about the theoretical and practical foundations of the subject.

In the process of training, educational, educational and developmental tasks are realized. The use of information and methodological support of the educational process allows you to effectively complete all these tasks in total.

Means of education

They are divided into the following groups:

1. Educational literature. It includes textbooks, textbooks, reference books, catalogs, lecture notes, problem books, private methods, guidelines, recommendations, developments, albums.
2. Educational visual aids. This group can include diagrams, posters, photographs, drawings, graphs, tables, drawings, diagrams.
3. Natural remedies: mechanisms, instruments, tools, samples, models, models. For example, assignment cards, didactic materials for independent, laboratory, practical work, course projects, etc., can be attributed to them.

Educational and methodological support of the discipline

Its integral elements are:

1. Regulatory documentation.
2. Curriculum, plan.
3. Educational and methodological documents.
4. Software, logistics, information support.

Regulatory documents

In this section of the educational and methodological support of the subject must be present:

1. Extract from the Federal State Educational Standard, indicating the requirements for skills, knowledge, abilities and practical experience in the relevant discipline.
2. Departmental standards, recommendations on the organization of the educational process.
3. Guidelines, recommendations for planning and organizing training.

Educational and planning documents

This section should include:

• calendar and thematic plan (KTP);
• individual teacher plan;
• a set of plans for all training sessions, technological, instruction cards;
• program.

Educational and methodological support is formed from:

• lecture notes;
• educational and additional literature, including in electronic form;
• albums, catalogs, directories;
• guidelines for laboratory work, practical tasks;
• directions for studying the subject, sections, topics and individual elements;
• copyright developments;
• guidelines for the organization of extracurricular activities of students;
• topics of essays, term papers and other research papers, recommendations for their implementation;
• thematic developments and recommendations for the preparation for seminars, the implementation of design, creative, research work;
• thematic "piggy banks" - sets of technological tasks and situations;
• provisions, guidelines for conducting quizzes, contests, competitions, role-playing games;
• a set of assessment tools for current, periodic and final quality control of students' knowledge;
• methodological set of "input" knowledge control;
• systems for controlling the level of knowledge in the subject;
• criteria for assessing skills, abilities, knowledge, practical experience in all forms of control;
• documentation on monitoring the quality of mastering the discipline with a plan of corrective measures.

Software, information, logistics

The following lists should be present in this section:

• equipment, materials, tools available in the workshop, laboratory, office;
• main and additional methodological and educational literature on the subject;
• technical means used in training;
• information and software resources.

In addition, this block of educational and methodological support of the work program includes:

1. Multimedia presentations.
2. Interactive and video materials.
3. Posters, tables, diagrams, imitations, layouts, drawings and other visual aids.

Development Features

In the formation of educational and methodological support for the course (module, discipline), the teacher is guided by the plan of the subject commission and the individual plan. Direct development is carried out by teachers leading the appropriate course, module, subject.

Teachers forming the educational and methodological support of the program (educational process) are responsible for its content. The materials included in its composition are subject to discussion at a meeting of the subject commission. Control and evaluation documents, work programs must be approved by the deputy director for training, and intermediate certification programs (in the form of an exam, including comprehensive), sets of control and evaluation tools and tools are approved by the deputy director for training and production. Work programs of industrial practice, sets of assessment tools for qualification exams for professional modules are agreed with the representatives of the employer.

Quality control of the elements included in the educational and methodological support is carried out by the chairman of the subject commission and the methodologist. The control copy is stored in the classroom and library in electronic and paper form.

Production support

Educational and methodological support of practice consists of documents regulating the time, intended to consolidate and deepen the students knowledge gained during training, the acquisition of skills in one or another type of professional activity. It includes:

1. Programs of industrial, educational and undergraduate practice by profession (specialty).
2. Calendar plans.
3. Evaluation Criteria.
4. Collections of tasks, recommendations for their implementation.

Section "Course design and term papers"

This block of educational and methodological support is mainly of reference and search character. Some of the documents must be included in the educational-methodical complex of the discipline, if the plan provides time for course design. If a project or a term paper is a complex work, that is, combines 2 or more subjects, the presence of these materials is optional.

It is, in particular, about:

1. Subject course projects and works. It is developed by teachers of the relevant disciplines and discussed at meetings of the subject commission.
2. Guidelines for implementation, execution, protection.
3. Evaluation criteria.
4. Samples of course design, reviews on it.

Collection "Final certification"

Part of this section of educational and methodological support is a set of "Graduate Design or thesis". It includes:

1. The program of final certification.
2. Evaluation criteria for the graduation project and graduation work, their protection.
3. Qualification requirements for graduates in the specialty.
4. Subject of work, guidelines for their implementation and design.

Students' independent work

It is a part of the educational process, the implementation of which ensures the assimilation, consolidation and improvement of knowledge, the acquisition of skills and abilities that make up the essence of specialist training.

The kit "Students' independent work" is a collection of teaching materials for organizing the process of extracurricular mastering of disciplines, the acquisition of professional experience. In this regard, most of the documentation is developed as part of the educational and methodological support of everyday disciplines. In addition, the set includes meta-subject (interdisciplinary) developments that contribute to the development of creative thinking of students and their independence. It can be, for example:

1. Collections of tests, tasks, exercises for independent work.
2. Topics of abstracts, reports, creative works, guidelines for their design.
3. Collections of assignments and topics for independent study.
4. Scenarios of olympiads, disputes, contests.

Educational materials

This kit includes:

1. Theoretical materials.
2. Tasks for interim assessment and ongoing monitoring.
3. Samples of answers to tasks.
4. Links to sources of information.
5. Lists of basic terms.

As sources for creating such materials, it is quite possible to use ordinary textbooks, audio and video recordings, magazines, etc. The main thing is that all of them be supplemented with the necessary recommendations and explanations.

Additionally

Ensuring the effectiveness of training on the basis of any training materials is achieved by the mandatory inclusion in them:

1. The goals of the educational process. When working with materials, the student must clearly understand that all the steps that he performs when mastering a topic or section in the complex will lead to a specific result.
2. Feedback. We are talking about tasks, completing which the student demonstrates the level of development of educational material.

When are self-study materials needed?

Development is advisable to carry out for:

1. Filling the gaps in skills and knowledge.
2. Consideration of material that is not mandatory, but rather useful. We are talking about materials intended for an in-depth study of a topic or study of a complex problem. They can be given to students without wasting time in direct communication.
3. Students receiving individual feedback on progress in learning topics. Materials for self-development can include, for example, keys to tests, answers to tasks, etc.
4. Repeated viewing of material that is difficult to understand at the first acquaintance. The student gets the opportunity to study the topic as much as he needs, to complete tasks at a convenient pace.

Conclusion

A detailed description of the individual elements of the educational process, the actions of the student, teacher and school administration aimed at achieving the goals set in the program - this is a comprehensive educational and methodological support (KUMO). This concept can be considered in two senses.

Provision as a process is the planning, development and formation of an optimal system of teaching aids and teaching materials necessary for organizing effective education as part of the curriculum. If we consider KUMO as a result, then it is a collection of all documents, a draft description of the pedagogical process, ready for implementation.

Quality assessment should be carried out in two aspects. Firstly, the level of conformity of the mapping of the sphere of professional activity in the educational and methodological set of the subject is analyzed. Secondly, the success of the learning objectives is evaluated.

The quality and effectiveness of KUMO is determined by a number of factors. It is, in particular, about:

1. The competence of teachers and the leadership of an educational institution.
2. The level of student learning.
3. Didactic, organizational and pedagogical conditions of training.

There are a number of formal signs by which it is possible to determine the effectiveness of the use of educational and methodological materials, such as purposefulness, scientific, comprehensiveness, systematicity, variability, effectiveness, practical orientation, diagnosability, etc.