Many companies specializing in various transportations, which may be passenger or freight, must take into account some requirements for their activities. This includes the need for pre-trip monitoring of the technical condition of vehicles and assessing the condition of direct drivers. Using these processes, you can be sure that the cars used and the drivers involved in the work are ideally suited for this activity.
Concept of verification
Pre-trip control of the technical condition of vehicles is represented by the vehicle assessment procedure. In this case, the owner and driver of the car will be sure that there will not be any unforeseen problems on the road and the danger to the driver and passengers will be eliminated. If an accident occurs on the road, during the analysis of which it will be determined that the reason is the poor condition of the car, then the business owner may be prosecuted.
In judicial practice, there are often situations where relatives of those killed or injured as a result of a traffic accident filed lawsuits against drivers or owners of vehicles used in poor technical condition. This leads to the fact that companies specializing in freight or passenger transportation suffer significant losses, as well as lose their positive business reputation.
Implementation Rules
Carrying out pre-trip control of the technical condition of vehicles is required before a direct trip. The procedure is carried out in the morning or in the evening, depending on when the flight is planned. For this, a full-time or external mechanical engineer is invited. After conducting pre-trip technical control of vehicles, the necessary information is entered in the waybill, which is then transmitted to the driver.
The waybill must be formed in advance. If, after inspecting the machine, it is revealed that there are no problems or violations in it, then the document is stamped accordingly. Pre-trip control of the technical condition of vehicles allows you to make sure that the car is really ready for the upcoming long trip.
Is control required?
Such a check is mandatory, which is prescribed in the Federal Law No. 196. But this applies to individuals or companies, and not to individuals, therefore, the procedure is carried out with respect to cars intended for commercial trips, as a result of which the business owner receives a certain profit.
Sometimes company owners try to get the maximum profit, not taking into account the requirements of the law, which often leads to disastrous consequences.
For which cars is it conducted?
Mandatory pre-trip monitoring of the technical condition of vehicles for all vehicles that are used in the commercial activities of individual entrepreneurs or firms. These include:
- Taxi;
- trucks used to move different goods between cities or countries;
- trams, trolleybuses, buses or other means of transport designed to carry passengers in the city or between different regions.
The owners of these vehicles must be sure that during the movement on the roads there will not be any emergency situations caused by the poor condition of the vehicle.
Purpose of
The main purpose of such a test is to obtain information about the technical condition of the car. Based on this procedure, a mark is placed in a special journal and waybill.
With the help of daily pre-trip monitoring of the technical condition of vehicles, road safety is ensured. This is due to the fact that transport used for commercial purposes is used almost every day, therefore its depreciation is accelerated. Failure of an important vehicle component can cause a serious accident on the road.
Who is being held?
Carrying out pre-trip control of the technical condition of the vehicle is the responsibility of the direct owner of the commercial vehicle. To do this, a mechanical engineer is included in the staff of the company, and it is also allowed to conclude a separate agreement with any other organization offering inspection services.
The process is carried out exclusively by a mechanic with a special certificate. It is presented by certification of transport inspection. The job description of the specialist indicates that his responsibilities include the daily release of cars on the line.
In large companies, mechanical engineers are full-time employees. Usually about 3 specialists are hired who work in shifts. If the organization is small, then a contract is drawn up with another organization for pre-trip control of the technical condition of vehicles. The agreement contains basic information on the cooperation of the two companies. Contact should be in special service centers equipped with the necessary equipment for inspection.
If outside employees are involved for inspection, then it is they who are responsible for the condition of the car.
What are the requirements for a specialist?
Carry out pre-trip control of the vehicle should be exclusively professional with the necessary qualifications, experience and skills. Therefore, the following requirements are imposed on a mechanical engineer:
- if he is a full-time employee, he is appointed solely by order of the company's management;
- the controller is required to undergo special certification in the transport inspection;
- certification can be passed solely by a mechanic with the appropriate education, which can be higher or secondary specialized;
- Another important requirement is the existence of an optimal length of service, since a citizen must work for at least one year in the position of mechanic.
In order to appoint a specific specialist responsible for pre-trip control, a corresponding order is issued in the company by the head. Pre-trip monitoring of the technical condition of vehicles should be carried out exclusively by designated employees. Otherwise, the result of the procedure is easily invalidated.
What knowledge should the controller have?
Only a specialist with numerous knowledge and skills is assigned to conduct the process. He must have work experience, and also must undergo appropriate training. Pre-trip control of the technical condition of vehicles is carried out only by a specialist with knowledge of:
- regulations related to vehicle maintenance;
- technical parameters of various machines;
- rules for their operation;
- device features of multiple vehicle nodes;
- fire safety regulations;
- laws relating to automobiles and labor protection.
A mechanical engineer must know exactly what the inspection is. Only if all of the above professional skills are available, can a specific specialist be allowed before the inspection. If the company engaged in transportation does not have the necessary employee, then it is allowed to attract a third-party specialist, for which an official contract is concluded with any service organization.
Control should be carried out daily, and for this purpose the room available at the customer or the contractor can be used. For large companies, it is impractical to use the services of third-party enterprises, so they usually independently equip the premises for daily inspection.
What documents are prepared?
Based on the inspection carried out by a mechanical engineer, certain documents must be prepared. Therefore, after this process, the following documentation should be available in the company:
- waybill, in which there is a mark on the passed inspection;
- mark in a special magazine.
Companies involved in the transport of goods or passengers should keep a special journal of pre-trip control of the technical condition of vehicles. It contains the following data:
- for which vehicles the inspection was carried out;
- date and time of the process;
- results;
- identified weaknesses and problems;
- signature of a mechanical engineer involved in this process.
This document may be checked by various state authorities.
What information is included in the waybill?
This document is required for each car used by companies for passenger or freight traffic. It is issued for each vehicle, and is also valid for one day or month.
If one car is used for several shifts by two or three drivers, a separate sheet is formed for each citizen. They must be recorded in a special register. All papers related to vehicle inspection should be kept by companies for at least five years.
The following data is entered in the waybill:
- serial number;
- type of vehicle, its registration number, brand and year of issue;
- information about the inspector who conducted the inspection;
- stamp and signature of the car owner;
- information on the results of the inspection, as well as the date and time of its conduct;
- information received from the odometer;
- data on the medical examination that the driver must undergo;
- position and full name of the health worker conducting a medical examination of drivers.
Based on this document, it is checked whether the company properly prepares drivers and cars for flights.
How is the inspection carried out?
The procedure for pre-trip control of the technical condition of vehicles may vary slightly in different companies. Typically, the procedure consists of the following steps:
- the optimal time for inspection is selected;
- a designated specialist in a prepared and equipped room evaluates the technical condition of the machine;
- the necessary information about the results of the process is entered in the waybill and company magazine;
- if serious violations and other problems are detected, then the head of the company is notified about them, and the car is not allowed on the flight, as this is allowed only after appropriate repairs.
During such control, the brake system, steering, mirror mounts, wiper condition, wheels and tires, air conditioning and stove, the presence of a spare wheel, towing hitch and some other significant elements of the car are checked. The machine must be operational. It should be well equipped, airtight and safe to use.
Based on the completed process, an act is additionally drawn up that is stored in the company for at least five years. It is not allowed that the owner of the vehicle make any changes to the design of the machine. It is not allowed to install additional seats or increase the sides, as well as use gas equipment. In the presence of such elements it is not allowed to use a car to transport goods or people.
In addition, direct drivers must undergo a medical examination before the flight. Only upon receipt of a positive opinion can a citizen go on a flight.
Conclusion
Pre-trip control of vehicles is an important and mandatory process, allowing you to make sure that the vehicle is in optimal condition. The procedure is carried out only by an experienced professional with the necessary skills.
The absence of such control may become the basis for bringing the head of a commercial organization to administrative or criminal liability. You can use the services of full-time or third-party mechanical engineers to conduct the process.