Surgical clamps are medical instruments that are designed to clamp tissue, organs or objects during an operation.
How are they arranged?
The clamps usually have a lock that divides the two branches into the near-ring part and the working jaws. Near the rings, most of these instruments have a cremallera. It provides automatic adherence to tissues and organs. The most common are rack-mounted rack-type lockers. But they have a drawback, since they do not allow for a dosage to increase compression as accurately as possible. At present, foreign suppliers carry out medical clamps with ratchets of an infinitely variable nature, but such instruments are very dimensional in size and quite complex in design.
Two types of clamps
Surgical clamps are divided into two types: curved and straight. According to the method of influencing the tissues, the following categories of clamps are distinguished:
- Elastic. In no case should they be temporarily applied to organs. Indeed, in the postoperative period of time, the integuments completely restore their vital activity.
- The next type is rigid medical clamps. Their use can injure organs. Given this risk, they are usually used on removed tissue during surgery.
Reliability requirements
The reliability of the clamps is subject to very strict requirements, since a malfunction of the instrument at the time of the operation can significantly complicate the work of the doctor and ultimately negatively affect the outcome of its outcome. This small surgical kit is indispensable during surgery.
Hemostatic clamps
Hemostatic clamps serve to temporarily restrain bleeding by compressing the vessel from which the blood flows. Next, a ligature is imposed on it until a final stop of the oozing fluid occurs.
Four types of tools are referred to as hemostatic clamps, such as:
- Mosquito clip.
- Device for deep cavities.
- Clamp equipped with sliced Billroth.
- Kocher toothed straight clamp.
These hemostatic items are made of stainless steel, which has the necessary strength and elasticity.
Clips for short clamping of blood vessels
There are three types of clamps that are intended for short-term clamping of blood vessels:
- Mayo kidney leg instrument.
- Hepfner elastic clip.
- Arterial devices of Negus, Well and Pott.
For a more gentle clamping of blood vessels, terminals are used, which in their appearance resemble tweezers with cross brushes. They also come in a small surgical kit.
When stratification of tissues at the time of separation of blood vessels, as well as for the purpose of temporarily squeezing them, dissectors are used, which in most cases, unlike clamps that stop blood, do not have a cremallera and cutting on working jaws.
Medical fixation clamps are often called forceps. The main thing is not to confuse them with sharp similar tools. The main requirement for them is the absence of trauma to the tissues of the organs at the time of capture. Depending on the purpose, various types of clamps are produced. For example, hemorrhoidal forceps, instruments for capturing the lung or intestinal, which are used during operations of the intestinal wall, etc. This also includes forceps designed to take instruments with which the doctor performs an operative measure.
Gastrointestinal clamps play the role of overlapping the lumen of the stomach and intestines, thus preventing the contents from entering the wound. Such tools are divided into two types: elastic, which are suitable for the left part, and crushing, their other name is pulp. The latter type is capable of causing tissue damage, for this reason they are used for resection in relation to the removed part of the organ. There are also gastrointestinal clamps, which are intermediate in the strength of their compression, otherwise they are also called rigid.
Needle holders are used when holding surgical needles, as well as holding them through the tissue during suturing. In their design, needle holders are identical to blood-clamping clamps, but they have a short working part, as a result of which it is necessary to make efforts to clamp the needle, two to three more zeal than when using hemostatic clamps. All this can be purchased at the Medtekhnika store.
Medical tweezers are instruments that are designed to capture and briefly hold materials, tissues and small instruments during surgical operations and other manipulations.
Tweezers were familiar to mankind in ancient Egypt. It is noteworthy that among the collection of surgical instruments presented at the Leipzig Institute of Medical History, there are similar instruments of the 5th-6th centuries BC.
A tweezers is a device consisting of a pair of iron spring plates that are welded or fixed to each other. They can also be soldered with a rivet at one end. From their edges are working branches, which are also called branches. They diverge at a certain angle.
Types of Tweezers
The outer sides of the jaws of the tweezers have small corrugation, or they can be matted, and the working surface of the jaws is endowed with a transverse notch. Among the most common types of such a tool are:
- surgical;
- anatomical;
- tweezers with a lock for deep cavities;
- Russian dentate;
- tool for applying and removing metal brackets.
Shop "Medtekhnika" offers a wide selection of surgical instruments.
Clothes clips
Clips for medical linen include:
- instruments intended for fixing surgical sterile clothes in relation to the patient’s skin with a rack;
- Mikulich’s clamp, which is applicable for fixing the operating tissue to the peritoneum, with the help of them the working field is protected from various infections;
- plate slippers;
- forceps - medical clamps designed to transfer sterile instruments, as well as dressings during operations, they are also suitable for the introduction of drains and tampons.
We examined surgical instruments such as clamps. There are a large number of them. They must be reliable, since the success of the operation largely depends on this.