What is phraseology? This is the science of stable expressions with a modified meaning. They are also called phraseological units. They are in any language, these phrases are a reflection of folk culture, they make speech much more expressive.
A bit about this science
What is phraseology, and where did this term come from? It is of Greek origin and consists of two parts: "speech circulation" and "teaching." Phraseology belongs to the section of linguistics. The subject of study of this science are the properties of phraseological units, which are:
- morphological;
- semantic;
- stylistic.
Another meaning of phraseology is the totality of phraseological units that are characteristic of a particular language. This scientific discipline appeared in the 40-50s of the twentieth century. Thanks to phraseology, you can better learn linguistic culture.
Features of the grammatical structure
Russian phraseology has its own characteristics. Stable expressions have a grammatical structure. Therefore, phraseological units can be divided into two groups.
- Stable expressions as a sentence. For example, "like a cow tongue licked."
- Phraseologisms in the form of phrases. For example, "through the sleeves." Phrases-phraseologisms differ in what parts of speech phraseologism consists of. And which word is the main one from the grammatical point of view.
Therefore, phraseologisms are:
In nominal, the main word is a noun or adjective. Verbs usually consist of a verb and an adverb or a noun. It is the grammatical structure that distinguishes Russian phraseology from other languages.
Role in syntax and vocabulary
To better understand what phraseology is, you need to consider the subject of study of this science. Therefore, it is important to consider the syntactic role of persistent expressions. They can be any member of the proposal. Most often they are a circumstance or a predicate. For example: "The students puzzled over the task."
Vocabulary and phraseology are interconnected, because these two sciences are sections of linguistics. And they learn the features of a particular language. Vocabulary is a science that studies the word as a unit of vocabulary and the entire language system. And phraseology is engaged in the study of stable expressions that are included in this lexical system.
A bit about proverbs
What exactly is phraseology in Russian? These are proverbs and sayings. They relate to oral folk art. Proverbs and sayings always contain some kind of teaching. Therefore, in the Russian language there are so many such stable expressions.
Often in proverbs and sayings there are words that are already outdated, and they are used only in oral folk art. They make the speech richer and more expressive, allow you to better learn folk culture and expand vocabulary. Therefore, proverbs and sayings begin to study even in preschool age. What is phraseology with elements of linguistics, they begin to study in schools and higher educational institutions.
Signs of Sustainable Expressions
How to determine if an expression is a phraseological unit? There are signs inherent only phraseological units.
- They consist of two or more words. For example, "play on the nerves", "seven spans in the forehead."
- You cannot distort or replace words in this expression. Because phraseological units were formed in the flow of a long time and became indivisible constructions. If you replace the word, then the expression takes on a completely different meaning. Therefore, the indivisibility of the construction is the main sign of phraseology.
- Situationality - one of the special properties of phraseology - is its use in a specific situation. They help to better and more accurately express a thought or attitude, make speech more expressive. For example: "Dad made an elephant out of a fly."
- Phraseologisms have a figurative meaning. Therefore, the meaning of some expressions can only be understood with the help of a dictionary.
The phraseology of the language allows you to better feel its beauty, understand folk culture, history. The main thing is to understand when these expressions need to be used to make speech more expressive. And it is important to understand the meaning of phraseology. So you demonstrate to others your well-readness, literacy and ability to correctly and beautifully express your opinion using the wealth of linguistic means.