Quite often we find such a reduction as St. Petersburg. What does it mean? Where is it used? In this article, you will learn this and much more about abbreviations and their types. Read about the Russian acronym SPB, where it is used and what it means. Consider what is also called the city of St. Petersburg.
What is an abbreviation?
This term came to the Russian language from the ancient language - Latin. It came from the word brevis, which literally translates as "short." In this form, it turned into Italian and took on a slightly different look, and the meaning expanded - "abbreviation in writing."
The abbreviation was invented in order to summarize a large amount of information. This arose at a time when books were written by hand. The process was long and complicated, therefore we used abbreviations that everyone understood.
In addition, the masters used the abbreviation as an encryption of their recipes and secrets. Only a select few knew their meaning.
Abbreviations in the letter were used by telegraph, when you need to contain a lot of information, and the number of characters is limited.
In the modern information world, the use of the abbreviation is also developed.
How are abbreviations created?
In the era of the Internet and globalization, abbreviations arise constantly. Most often from English words that migrated to our language. Abbreviations arise for the words that are used most often in writing.
The abbreviation is used in the name of organizations, firms, trademarks. They are invented for logos. It turns out that the literal abbreviation turns into a graphic one.
There are several ways to create abbreviations:
- Initial letters (STSI).
- In terms of (Rospotrebnadzor).
- Graphic (when cursive).
- Mixed (combining several).
In the modern world, official abbreviations are listed in a special register. All officials must be able to decipher them.
Most often, abbreviations are used in medicine, military affairs, technical documents.
Abbreviation in references
The design of the sources used in scientific work is now almost a separate science. It is especially important to know the abbreviations that are customary to do in the list of references.
At the end of a scientific article, abstract, report, thesis and others, you should always list the books that have been studied in the course of work. Some abbreviations are accepted here so as not to clutter up the text.
For example, the cities in which the book was published are not completely written. Moscow is recorded as "M", Nizhny Novgorod as "N. Novgorod".
And what does St. Petersburg mean in the list of references? This is the name of the city of St. Petersburg, and this indicates that the book was published by the publishing house of the Northern capital. About what St. Petersburg means - further in the article.
Abbreviation Examples
To better understand how abbreviated words and phrases entered our lives, it is worth giving an example. Here are some of the most widely known abbreviations every educated person should know:
Moscow State University - Moscow State University;
Russian Railways - Russian Railways;
university - higher education institution;
- GAI - state automobile inspection;
- Civil defense;
- Emergency - an emergency;
- PB - fire safety;
- EU - European Union;
- TIN - tax identification number;
- MOU - municipal educational institution;
- Ministry of Internal Affairs - Ministry of the Interior;
- MFC is a multifunctional center.
There are a lot of such letter abbreviations both in Russian and in other languages. It happens that they coincide, and there is confusion. As, for example, with the abbreviation GUM (it can be a department store or humanitarian faculties of Moscow State University).
Decoding of the abbreviation SPB in Russia
This abbreviation, like all others, has a decoding. What St. Petersburg means, it will become clear when we describe each letter of the abbreviation.
So, let's start with the letter “C”. It refers to the word "saint", which is translated from German as "saint". A word similar in sound and meaning is found in almost every European language, it comes from the Latin sancti (sancti).
The letter "P" refers to the name Peter. It is a German version of the Russian name Peter. In consonance with the previous word, it does not mean Peter the Great, who built this city, but his patron saint. The northern capital is named after the Apostle Peter, a disciple of Jesus Christ
The letter "b", which is usually written small, refers to the German "burg, berg". It is so literally translated - "city".
Judging by the decoding of each letter, the abbreviation is created by the first elements of the word. In this case, all words are of German origin.
So we found out what the decryption of St. Petersburg - St. Petersburg. The northern capital of Russia has such a literal reduction.
SPB value
In Russian, the studied abbreviation has one main meaning - the city of St. Petersburg. It was founded under the king, and subsequently the first emperor, Peter I in 1703.
More than once this beautiful city has become the capital of Russia. It is still called so, only the Northern capital. This is a city of federal significance, the second after Moscow. An important economic, political, cultural city.
The spirit of creativity and unlimited talent has been inscribed in it for centuries. Great people lived and worked here: A. S. Pushkin, F. M. Dostoevsky, A. A. Blok and many others.
It is no coincidence that an abbreviation was created for this city. Now it’s clear what St. Petersburg means - this is a direct indication of the city of St. Petersburg.
Now on the Internet, it is customary to abbreviate the name of this magnificent city. So they write in communication, in profiles, in books and so on. We will find St. Petersburg on souvenirs, various goods from this city.
In addition to the main meaning, this abbreviation also refers to a network of beer bars - "SPB".
The combination of these letters can be found in a book that was published in St. Petersburg. What does St. Petersburg mean on coins - later in the article.
Coin abbreviation
The mints of such cities as:
- Moscow;
- St. Petersburg;
- Ekaterinburg;
- Kolyvan Copper;
- Theodosius;
- Sestroretsk and others.
And at the same time, the abbreviation St. Petersburg is minted on a coin, which means "made in St. Petersburg." After the revolution, they began to produce coins with the abbreviation "LMD" (Leningrad Mint).
In addition to indicating the place of minting, the mintmeister signs are depicted on coins. So called the head of the mint. Therefore, you can often find coins that indicate "St. Petersburg - AG", where "AG" is Arthur Hartman.
Now in Russia money is released from metal in Moscow and St. Petersburg - as two branches of one enterprise - GOSZNAK. In St. Petersburg, the mint was founded under Peter the Great and is located in the Peter and Paul Fortress. This enterprise has been operating since 1724 and is rightfully the oldest.
From 1997 to the present, coins up to 1 ruble from St. Petersburg write the abbreviation -. She is under the hoof of a horse. Money with a denomination of more than 1 ruble is marked by a literal reduction in SPMD (St. Petersburg Mint). This abbreviation is placed under the eagle.
How to write the abbreviation SPB?
In the information age, there was not enough time as never before. People are constantly in a hurry somewhere and have no time. Therefore, abbreviations are so often used in writing. Abbreviations can be used, but nevertheless you need to know how to do it correctly.
The studied reduction for the city of St. Petersburg also needs to be able to write correctly. To begin with, you can literally shorten a given word in two ways:
- SPb.
- St. Petersburg.
There is much debate as to whether a point is needed or not. If you observe, then in the books these words will be with dots. It is usually put when, when pronouncing the words, they read it completely. And there are abbreviations that become independent not only in writing, but also in conversation. For example, traffic police, efficiency and others.
The abbreviation St. Petersburg may be used in speech, but looking at it, you can read aloud St. Petersburg. Therefore, the question of setting the point is rather controversial.
We found out what St. Petersburg means. We examined its main meaning and spelling. We studied the general structure of all abbreviations, while indicating their types and examples. Now you know exactly what the word St. Petersburg means and how to use it.