Kids love to play, relax. This is especially important for those kids who are studying in elementary school. So, it’s still difficult for them to sit out a whole lesson without a break. And not only mentally, but even physically. That is why in the structure of teaching schoolchildren there are physical minutes for elementary grades. This will be discussed further.
What are they needed for
Very often, people simply do not understand why they need physical minutes in elementary school. After all, they take away the time that a child can spend on the assimilation of useful material. However, not all so simple. Child health is the main concern of any educational institution. So, health is not only mental, but also mental and physical. The fact is that it is still very difficult for a kid who has just recently hit the walls of the school to concentrate throughout the lesson. And so that the material is not only perceived, but also absorbed, the guys need to be distracted periodically. How to do this? It is best to take care of the whole body in a complex. So, primary school children are still very mobile. And being in one position for more than 20 minutes is very difficult for them. That's for this there are physical minutes. They help not only to distract from the lesson, but also to stretch your body a little.
Basic functions
As has already become clear from the above information, physical education for elementary classes is very useful and necessary. So, they are designed to perform the following critical tasks:
- Improve the emotions of students, because the warm-up always positively affects the mood of the child.
- Significantly reduce anxiety.
- "Unload" the brain. In moments of such rest, the child is distracted, gives his gray matter a break, switches to a different type of activity. And this has a very positive effect not only on health, but also on the process of assimilation of the material.
- To improve memory, because the memorability of the material increases.
- Promote interest in learning and thinking. Indeed, in this case, cognitive activity does not seem so hard work.
Selection of training complexes
It should also be noted that you need to select physical minutes for elementary grades taking into account the child’s employment. For example, in a mathematics lesson, their duration may be less, giving preference to the saturation of the physical lesson, while the reading lesson can be reduced by 5 minutes. Also, the set of exercises should be such that it does not cause material damage to the property of the school and does not bring inconvenience to children.
Core activities
Choosing exercises for the physical education for elementary grades, it is necessary to take into account the fact that all muscle groups that are in tension in the child should be involved. First of all, those that are responsible for maintaining posture, as well as hands. That is why the most successful will be the tilt of the body to the sides, bending, sipping, half-squats and squats, as well as various hand swings.
Time frame
A very often asked question: how long should physical students last in primary school? So, it all depends on the teacher’s abilities (how much you can reduce a certain material by making time for physical exercises). However, on average they do not exceed 3 minutes. The maximum is 5. This time is quite enough for the children to be able to stretch themselves, to be distracted, but not to lose the thread of the material provided by the teacher. But you need to understand that a couple of minutes after class, the kids will be active, gradually calming down. Frequency is also important. In elementary school, experts recommend taking small breaks every 15 minutes, in secondary - every 20.
Exercise complex
Fizminutki for primary school children should include the maximum number of movements to warm up multiple muscle groups:
- exercises to warm up the muscles that support posture;
- exercises for the hands;
- exercises for the eyes;
- rest for the spine;
- breathing exercises;
- exercises for rest and relaxation of the muscles of the face;
- exercises for the legs.
Classification
Physical students in the classroom have their own classification. So, they are divided into the following groups:
- Wellness. It involves exercises for the hands, eyes, dance movements.
- Motor-speech, where you need to relax the muscles of the face and the articulation apparatus. This also includes breathing exercises.
- Sports and athletic, which includes outdoor games, as well as developmental exercises.
- Cognitive. This is psycho-gymnastics, didactic games with elements of movement.
- Creative Finger gymnastics, role-playing games, etc.
Fun exercises
It is very important to periodically carry out funny physical exercises for elementary school students. After all, it is not only good for health, but also perfectly cheers up. In this case, you can offer kids the following exercises:
- With your right hand you need to touch the left ear, with your left hand - to the right. Then quickly swap hands. You need to do this 5 times. It seems to be simple, but the kids will stray and laugh.
- It is also a very fun and difficult exercise: with the right hand, the child should pat itself on the crown of the head, and with the left - pat the tummy clockwise.
Both fun and useful.
Speech for physical education
It’s very good to spend physical minutes in poetry. In this case, the children themselves must memorize short speeches and play them. Indeed, in this case, not only muscles are trained, but also memory. Under simple texts, you can perform a variety of exercises. However, the easiest way to do so is for charging fingers and hands.
Verse 1.
We wrote, we wrote
Our fingers are tired.
One two Three -
Pen, no pain!
Verse 2.
One - raise your hands up
For two - we sit down together.
Three - bounced like bunnies,
We have fun, not bored.
Lesson for fine motor skills
Perfectly activate the work of the brain classes for fine motor skills. In this case, the guys can be offered to perform the following exercises:
- At the same time, with both hands draw two halves of the heart or the sun.
- You can play the piano with your fingers.
- It is very useful to rub your fingers with your own hands.
- Squeezing-unclenching fingers into the cam. You can do the exercise to accelerate.
- You can also squeeze your hands into the lock.
Warm up to improve brain function
Teachers should understand that it is important for children to stretch many parts of the body. This is especially true for first-graders. Indeed, from the habit of sitting a whole lesson they are very bored. It is here that I would like to note that it is also important to periodically stimulate cerebral circulation, so that children have increased mental activity. In this case, the following set of exercises is useful:
- In the sitting position, you need to tilt your head back and forth. This is best done slowly. Shoulders down.
- Also in the sitting position, however, the hands are placed on the belt. Turns the head left and right.
- Left hand should be thrown over the right shoulder, turning his head to the left. The same thing can be done with the other hand.
Exercises should be performed slowly, without sudden movements. It is enough to do 4-6 approaches.
Eye Fatigue Exercises
The physical minutes in verses are well suited for gymnastics for the eyes. Indeed, in this case, the respiratory system of the child is quite calm and reading a verse as a keepsake will not interfere with the exercise.
Curious Barabara
Looked left, right
I looked up and down
There I sat on the ledge,
And fell down from him.
For such speeches, you can perform the following very simple, but useful exercises:
- Squinting-opening the eye (perform 5 times).
- Circular rotation with eyes. In this case, the head remains motionless (perform 6-8 times).
- Eyes to the right, without blinking. Return to starting position, blink a little. Next, turn your eyes to the left, again without blinking. Returning to the starting position, blink again (perform about 5 times).
- You need to choose any point or object, stare at it. When turning the head left and right, the object must not be lost sight of.
- And the last, simple and even pleasant exercise: you need to look into the distance for 1 minute. Best of all - through the window.
If there are children in the class with special problems, for example, myopia, you can choose a special set of exercises for them. You can also conduct preventive classes regarding myopia.
“Turn on” attention
What else can be physical education? Primary classes are a group of children who, until recently, did not obey such a strict order and were not “tied” to one place. However, at school, discipline is important, and students should be able to not only sit out the lesson, but also learn the material provided by the teacher. In this case, it is important to lead classes to enhance attention, which, by the way, can periodically "fade" due to the characteristics of the child's body.
The guys are in the starting position: arms along the body.
- Hands are alternately placed on the belt.
- Next - on the shoulders.
- After - rise up, followed by a pair of pops.
- Now you need to lower your hands: first they are placed alternately on the shoulders.
- Next - to the belt.
- This is followed by a pair of pops on the hips.
At first the exercise is carried out slowly, the next time - a little sooner. And so on until five times, until the guys start to go astray and at the same time have fun. It is in this case that one can hold musical physical minutes for elementary grades. Ideally for the above exercise, music for the Macarena dance is suitable.
Posture support and back fatigue
It is equally important for children to stretch their back and shoulder girdle. After all, at first it’s very difficult for kids to sit a full lesson without a break. Moreover, adhering to the rules of correct posture, not hunching and not bending low. Exercises that will be useful for kids:
- "Scissors" hands. The arms are stretched forward, the position of the arms changes in swings: from top to left and right.
- While in a sitting position, the right hand rises, the left is advanced. By swings, the hands change position to the opposite: the right one is in front, the left one rises up.
- Hands should be raised up, squeezing a hand a couple of times well. To lower down, to relax brushes, to shake hands.
- In a standing position, spread the legs shoulder-width apart, arms thrown over his head. Make circular movements with the body in one direction or the other.
- It is also useful to perform tilts of the body back and forth, to the sides.
Dancing
Kids can warm up in any way. For this, it is not necessary to select special exercises. You can simply turn on rhythmic fun music, to which the guys will simply move, dance the way they want. However, it is worth noting that conducting such classes is best at a break. After all, a lot of noise will rise, which may interfere with the classes of neighboring classes.
Rhythmic physical minutes are also very interesting. In this case, the children are engaged at the expense, and the exercises are simple, but which must be performed clearly. Here you can walk around the bill, raise your hands, make claps. During the lesson, the teacher constantly considers: once - crouched, two - stood up, three - hands to the sides, etc.
Technique to help
Pupils will also like the electronic physical education for elementary grades. What does this mean? Everything is simple: it is not the teacher who can show the exercises, but the robot on the screen of a monitor or TV. You just have to choose the right program, a set of exercises to warm up one or another part of the body.