A distinctive feature of all living organisms is the ability to change vital processes at a precisely defined time. Such biological clocks exist both in simple unicellular organisms and in the most intelligent creature - man. The accuracy of this watch is striking, and scientists studying this issue are constantly discovering new biological rhythms.
Many vital processes of the human body reduce their activity at night, and during the day restore intensity. The same thing happens with the senses. With the beginning of a new day, a person's hearing, vision and other functions become more acute. This is the body’s biological clock.
Many scientists are studying this issue. This is necessary to address many issues. For example, the problem of insomnia torments a significant part of the world's population. Also, having studied a person’s biological clock, it is possible to justify taking medications in a strictly allotted time.
The ability to control people's biorhythms will make it possible to achieve success in the treatment of many diseases, especially neurological ones.
The basis of the action of the biological clock is precisely biorhythms. The entire period that the body goes from decreasing to restoring the activity of physiological processes is called a cycle.
Biorhythms have an ecological and physiological character. Their duration can be from a few seconds to several days.
Physiological rhythms include heartbeat, pressure, etc.
Ecological rhythms are associated with changes in the external environment. They can be diurnal, tidal or lunar and seasonal. These rhythms also serve as a biological clock. The body thanks to them is well oriented in time and begins to prepare in advance for each period and the conditions that await it.
Thus, a person is full of strength in the morning, and by evening, the indicators of some functions of his body begin to decline. The biological clock is a very sensitive mechanism. Their work depends on many biochemical and hormonal reactions.
The main role here is played by melatonin. It is also called sleep hormone. By evening, its amount in the body rises, and the person is sleeping soundly. This happens if the biological clock is working properly. Otherwise, a person suffers from insomnia. In the daytime, the amount of melatonin decreases, its production is suppressed, and the body's functionality is restored. People feel a surge of energy and are ready to work actively. If the biological clock is disturbed, the body goes astray and the sleep and wake cycles are mixed up.
The level of the hormone melatonin depends on the amount of light absorbed. Here his main source is the eyes. They capture particles of light and transmit a signal to the pineal gland. Therefore, we can say that the main factor to which the biological clock obeys is the particles of light.
In order not to disrupt the operation of biorhythms, it is necessary to observe some rules. First, reduce the amount of light at night, so as not to interfere with the production of melatonin. Secondly, it is necessary to give the body a good rest at the right time. That is, go to bed on time, do not overload the body with work in the evening, turn off all foreign objects that interfere with rest (phone, tablet, laptop, etc.) Especially the night shift affects the body. In this case, the entire cycle may be disturbed. Moving from one time zone to another also negatively affects biorhythms.
All these factors can disrupt the biological clock, which will affect the functioning of the whole organism. As a result, insomnia and neurological disorders occur.