Sometimes reading a poem is not enough to understand the author’s thought and to feel his attitude to a given topic. To do this, you need to draw up a diagram of the analysis of the poem and step by step to study it. This is a complex process, it must be creatively comprehended to see what is hidden behind the lines and to understand why it was written.
Analysis scheme: what is it for?
What is analysis? This consideration, the study of something, the dismemberment of the subject into its component parts. This method can also be applied to the lyric work, for starters by drawing up a diagram or plan to make it easier to study, especially for grades 5 or 6, when students are just learning to think.
There is no rigid scheme for analyzing a poem in literature or studying a picture in the Russian language, since this is a work of art and its perception is extremely subjective. Each poem is unique, in some the size is important, in others it is necessary to know about the author’s life span, and in the third the poet may have been very worried about the political situation.
Short plan and scheme
The analysis scheme of the poem can first be compiled briefly by including all the necessary points:
- The history of creation, the time of writing, the circumstances of the poet's life and his social position. Very often this item can tell a lot and set a direction.
- The theme of the work is lyrics, politics, inner experience, philosophical reflection.
- The main idea or idea that the poet wanted to convey to the reader.
- Analysis of stanzas with quotes.
- Images and their description.
- The use of artistic means.
- The mood of the lyrical hero, the author’s attitude to what is happening.
- Impression and own feelings from the read poem
Detailed diagram
The brief outline of the analysis of the poem given above gives a direction where to start and what points need to be revealed.
The first and very important - you need to know when the work was written and in what period, what facts of the poet’s biography are known and how this can be connected with the poem. So A.S. Pushkin wrote a lot about love in different periods, when he first fell in love or when he met his wife Natalia.
A leading topic, it is usually immediately immediately clear from the first lines, and all lyrics are classified into the following topics: love lyrics, landscape lyrics, friendship, patriotic lyrics, philosophical and the theme of poets and poetry.
Understanding the topic can serve as a starting point in the analysis, which will help in further discussion. For example, lines I.A. Bunin “we always remember about happiness ...” show what the poet thought about and began to reflect on the eternal theme of happiness, love, which means that philosophical lyrics sound here.
The idea, plot and problem inherent in the work are always associated with some event that took place in personal life or in public.
The analysis scheme of the lyric poem also includes a composition that allows you to divide it into parts and trace how the mood changes, how the topic is revealed, in order to see the poet’s meaning and thought. Fine tools that are used for a reason can help here:
- metaphor or comparison;
- epithet or figurative definition of an object;
- allegory or allegory;
- irony or the opposite meaning;
- hyperbole or exaggeration.
There are a lot of visual means that help to achieve a special effect of expressiveness.
It is necessary to mention the lyrical hero, although it is difficult to do this in some poems. But this is what helps the poet to understand, revealing the character of the hero through his actions and deeds.
In addition to the lyrical hero, the work also has an image as a phenomenon. Its purpose may be different, with its help incomprehensible thoughts are explained, or, conversely, it can complicate the perception of an object, transform it, or turn it into something complex. Images are divided into several groups: images of motives (blizzard), images of toposs (like some kind of common place, for example, a road), images of archetypes (a stable pattern or formula of the human imagination).
Grade 6 Analysis Scheme
The older people become, the more experience they accumulate in life, the easier it is for them to understand various works, including poems. But the analysis of works begins in the school years, for example, in the 6th grade, which helps to instill a love of poems and a poetic taste. This is one of the main tasks so that the student can "feel" the poem, and not only know how to find visual means, determine the topic and guess the mood of the author.
Perhaps in the 6th grade, the student will not be able to express his opinion or convey it to the teacher, but he will learn to determine the artistic means, and therefore, see the mood of the lyrical hero and poet.
Analysis of the work in grade 9
Pupils of grade 9 are graduates, and over the years they have studied various poems and learned to understand their essence, and not just learn by heart. They can create a scheme for analyzing a poem in grade 9 on their own and reveal the work in more detail, because such an activity for high school students is already an essay where they express their own thoughts and attitude to the work.
The student is already capable of not only seeing the theme of the poem, expressive means, but also expressing his attitude and impression of what he read. In the 9th grade, philosophical topics, patriotic ones, the author’s attitude to poetry are more often touched upon.
What patterns can be used for analysis
The analysis scheme of the poem is a few points on which it is easier to conduct research. But cliche words can also come to the rescue, which will make the analysis more beautiful, readable and more literate.
For example, when showing your attitude, you can use phrases such as "reading this work, I experienced ..." or "a poem made me think about it ...".
If we take the point that concerns the composition, then we can say that "the beginning of the poem evokes such feelings ..." or "this part of the work should be read like that ...", or "in this part the author conveys such feelings using expressive means. .." etc.
Where the analysis of expressive means begins, one can also use beautiful phrases, such as "the basis of this part is a reception ..." or "at the end, the central images are ..." or "using this technique the poet expresses ..." .