It can be quite easy to get confused in the works of Russian literature: the abundance of authors and written books can cause confusion both in the consciousness of adults who are not knowledgeable in the matter, and, of course, of young children. To avoid this, it is recommended to apply the practice of drawing up ambitious plans that will schematically remind you of key points in the story. In this article we will present a plan for the story "Priyumysh".
The beginning of the creative path of the author
The plan for the story “Reception” cannot be given without a paragraph describing how the life of its creator proceeded. Why did Mamin-Sibiryak create such a work? How does it relate to his biography?
The fact is that, born in November 1852 in the village with the interesting name Visimo-Shaitan, in the Perm province (now the Visim of the Sverdlovsk region), Dmitry Narkisovich, the son of a parish priest, began to be interested in literature from an early age. Initially following a spiritual path, Mama the Younger, after studying at the Yekaterinburg Theological School (1866) and the Perm Theological Seminary, realized that he did not have much in common with the church. Education in the last educational institution and revealed in him literary talent; it was here that he became addicted to the ideas of Herzen, Dobrolyubov, Chernyshevsky and began to try his hand at writing at that time still rather weak, but nonetheless interesting stories.
The twists and turns of fate
However, what is the significance of a biographical commentary for the plan for the story "Priyumysh"? It is still really very distant. After the author’s life drastically changed his vector, and he made a choice in favor of his own development in other directions, as if fate itself began to put many sticks into the wheels for him.
After graduating from the seminary in 1871, Dmitry went to Petersburg, where he entered first to the veterinary and then to the medical department of the Medical and Surgical Academy, after which he went to the natural faculty of St. Petersburg University, from which, after 2 courses, he transferred to the legal specialty. However, here the future famous writer began to have serious problems: financial difficulties, poor health and even the development of tuberculosis made themselves felt.
As a result, in 1877, Dmitry returned to his native Urals, where his father had died by this time. The care of the brothers and sisters who needed to study fell on the shoulders of the author. It was during this period, after moving to Yekaterinburg, that the writer actively explored history, economics, and the unique Ural nature. In addition to interest in the inhabitants of forests and fields, he also got acquainted with the inhabitants of villages and villages. It is these 2 worlds that will be reflected in the future works of the author and will be linked by an inextricable thread.
For the first time this will be revealed in the collection of essays “From the Urals to Moscow”. At this time, nee Mamin becomes Mama-Sibiryak; he took the habit of signing his stories with the pseudonym “D. Sibiryak ”and simply connected the paternal surname with the literary name. In Yekaterinburg, the writer also met his first wife, Maria Alekseeva.
Creativity amid tragedies
In 1890, Dmitry Narkisovich divorced his first wife and connected himself by marriage for the second time with another chosen one, the then-famous artist of the Yekaterinburg Drama Theater M. Abramova. The couple moved to St. Petersburg.
Finally, we come to the important, from the point of view of drawing up a plan for the story “Reception”, part, which it was not possible to start a conversation about without describing what hardships Mamin-Sibiryak had already experienced during his life. A year after the wedding, the writer’s beloved wife died during a difficult birth, leaving her sick daughter Alena in her arms. This incident was a real shock for the author, as evidenced by his personal correspondence with family and friends.
What became the outlet of Dmitry Narkisovich? The upbringing and care of a daughter, coupled with creativity, which has acquired a fruitful scope. A series of children's works of Alyonushkina Tales appeared, which included Priyumysh, considered in this article. Mamin-Sibiryak lived quietly in St. Petersburg until 1900, continued to write for his daughter and himself, created, among other things, the magnificent novel “Bread” and the two-volume “Ural Stories”. However, tuberculosis gradually took its toll. In November, Dmitry Narkisovich died, and only two years later his daughter Alyona died, to whom, in addition to many other good stories, Mamin-Sibiryak devoted his story “Priyumysh”.
Summary
How to make a plan for parsing the work further After a brief or comprehensive, as in our case, biographical and historical commentary is given, the key moments of history should be freshened up, that is, refer to its brief content. The theme of Mom’s Sibiryak’s Reception is the relationship between man and nature, their inextricable synthesis. This can be seen from the first to the last lines: the narrative opens with an episode of how a hunter comes to visit his good friend, an old lonely fisherman who lives on a lake in a distance from other dwellings. The reader observes how the hunter-teller is greeted by a dog. after a while, the owner himself sailed on the boat by the name of Taras, pushing a white swan in front of him. The fisherman shares with a friend: the parents of a young bird were killed for fun, which means that he is an orphan, Priyumysh, and there is no one to look after him, except for Taras himself.
The reader is described how the grandfather becomes attached to a beautiful, stately bird. He doesn’t have a soul in her, and therefore categorically refuses to cut the “God's creature” wings in order to forever tie her to the hut. Of course, Taras is deceived: he thinks that the swan will stay with him forever, while the bird, after much hesitation, nevertheless flies to the warm lands with his brothers. This is what the reader sees as early as next year through the eyes of a hunter who has repeatedly visited the hut of a fisherman. Thus, a schematic outline of the story will consist of the following 4 points:
- The appearance of a swan in the life of Taras.
- Friendship So much and Acceptance.
- Swan and flock of brothers.
- Parting with the savior.
Defining a problem and an idea
If the topic is clarified, and key episodes are established, it is time to move on to other categories that are relevant to the analysis of the work. We see a problem that reflects human loneliness. Taras could go to people and drown in himself the memories of the Reception, but he does not do this, since the connection with the natural world is more important for him than the connection with the human world, and obscure, but pleasant and clear images of the former are more valuable to him than the falsity and artificiality of the second. The idea of ​​the story is to focus on thoughts about the proximity of man to the space of nature; even if its freedom-loving representatives choose a kind and caring society, but still a person, open spaces, valleys, forests and fields, one should not be angry with nature and curse it, because in its freedom it is beautiful.
Analysis of pathos and composition as mandatory components of a work plan
The tragic pathos, that is, the passionate tone, of the work, is especially revealed in the culmination of the story, that is, the moment of Reception's departure with a flock of other swans, however, the atmosphere of dreary sadness can be traced throughout the plot of the story. We see it in a hidden conflict that takes place in the soul of a fisherman. Taras internally struggles with himself, because he is very attached to the bird, but, nevertheless, as an experienced person, he always understood that he would have to be released sooner or later.
The composition of Mamin-Sibiryak’s “Reception”, the main idea of ​​which is the need for free and possibly even emotionally painful in advance, but still help, support, friendship between a person and a representative of the unique natural world, is simple. It consists of 6 parts:
- a prologue, where the fisherman’s dwelling and its simple farm are described through the eyes of a hunter-master;
- an exposition in which the reader watches as an old man searches for a swan that has sailed away from the hut;
- the main part, which describes the joint life of the family, namely Taras, Reception and Sobolko;
- the climax already mentioned above;
- denouement in which the fisherman shares with the master the story of the departure of the swan and farewell to him;
- an epilogue describing the suffering of an old man and how much he misses.
Basic decoration techniques
The main techniques include portrait characterization of characters, as well as the image of heroes through actions and deeds. The epic image of Taras is especially strongly revealed thanks to personal narrative when the emphasis is not so much on the image of his external features (tall, with a thick gray beard and gray eyes) or character traits (polite, caring, modest, kind), but on how he manifests himself in relation to everything surrounding him.
The fisherman was humane to animals, lovingly, as if about a man, spoke of a “smart bird”, and generally respected the laws of forests, lakes, rivers, fields, because for him it was a real social environment with which he regularly interacted. And all this - with the reservation that Taras, who did not remember exactly when he was born, nevertheless claimed that he had seen the invasion of the French in 1812. This means that, according to the chronotope of the story (the synthesis of temporal and spatial characteristics), he was about 90 years old!
Storyteller's attitude to Taras
One of the final points of the plan may be a reflection of how the lord looked at the fisherman. Through the attitude of the hunter, the author’s attitude is also traced: it was in such simple, but true to traditions and his own principles, people that he saw the driving force of real life. It was not for nothing that the hunter spoke of the old man as a “good, smart,” knowledgeable and interesting person telling different stories. There is an extremely positive attitude towards the main character, which is also reported to the reader.
Own opinion
The article answers the question of how to make a plan. If the purpose of its compilation is to further write an essay or a detailed answer, then you can finish your work with a small review. “Priyumysh did not return to Taras, and despite the fact that the old man eventually becomes sorry, you still understand: initially he made the only right choice. Did he not know that the swan is a free bird, which should have its own family? But the fisherman still came to her aid when she needed it, and later didn’t cut her wings, giving the right to decide that she cannot but cause respect and pride ”- this is an example of how to complete the analysis of the story.