One of the conditions for the formation of a socially active personality is the mastery of human speech - the ability to pronounce individual sounds, words, phrases. Its practical application is commonly called language. What is the speech? Should a person improve his speaking skills? How can speech defects be eliminated ? Far from a complete list of issues that become interesting to parents as soon as their child pronounces the first words.
What is speech for?
Scientists identify several basic speech functions that everyone should be aware of.
- Speech is a kind of tool with which people exchange feelings and thoughts with each other. Language acts as a means of communication.
- Thanks to speech, the assimilation and transmission of collective experience accumulated by mankind takes place. Through language, people learn the world in which they live.
- To achieve the results of an activity, a person is obliged to organize and plan it. This process is possible only when he owns language skills.
- With the help of speech, a person is able to influence the feelings and thoughts of other people.
The listed functions fully reveal the meaning of language in the life of mankind.
What is the speech
If we consider the language in terms of the existence of its forms, then we can distinguish between oral and written. Writing works during writing or reading . What oral form is used by man? Listening and speaking are varieties of spoken language.
If we take into account the number of participants in the conversation, then the speech can be dialogic or monological. The translation from Greek allows us to understand that dialogue is a conversation of two or more persons, and a monologue is a statement of one person.
From the point of view of defectologists, speech is right or wrong. Linguists give a similar assessment of language. In their opinion, the right one is competent speech, but it can have both positive and negative coloring. Wrong (illiterate) contains a large number of language errors.
Is speaking skills important
The debate about how a person should speak in a scientific pedagogical environment arises quite often. This problem worries both the younger generation and the older. Most people still tend to believe that the language should be literate, that is, beautiful.
The ability to speak correctly is not born with a person. This skill needs to be trained. The process of language acquisition begins in preschool childhood and continues throughout life. To achieve a result, desire alone is not enough. It will take some effort and a lot of time.
A person who has mastered the art of speaking always makes a good impression; he stands out against the background of others. The used turns of speech indicate the level of its culture. It is believed that a person who knows how to control the flow of words, phrases, sounds, is able to control the mind.
So, the possession of the right beautiful language with its positive coloring is a huge dignity of a person.
What are speech defects?
Malfunctions in the operation of the articulation apparatus are indicators of incorrect speech. Tongue-speaking brings a lot of troubles that can relate to both personal life and career advancement, the relationship of others to a person.
A child experiencing difficulties in the work of speech organs will certainly have problems with learning at school. They may be related to overall performance, the formation of handwriting, spelling literacy, and mastery of reading techniques.
What can be human speech when the corresponding organs do not work properly?
- Fuzzy pronunciation or distorted pronunciation of individual sounds - the child burrs, lisps.
- Non-pronunciation of endings in words.
- Violation of the order of sounds in a word is their interchange.
- Poor vocabulary.
- Inability to build coherent statements.
- Violation of the rate of pronunciation of words (slow or fast), stuttering.
Causes of Violations
Having figured out what kind of speech happens when the articulation apparatus is not working properly, it is worth paying attention to the reasons that could affect the problems that arose. And the sources of violations are very diverse.
One of the reasons that cause the malfunction of the speech organs is various injuries that could be received by the child during childbirth or in the first years of life. This reason can be classified as the most severe. No less serious is the one related to hereditary predisposition.
In addition, speech disorders can occur with insufficient development of phonemic hearing, which leads to the inability of the child to perceive the full phrases. Staying a baby in a particular speech environment also significantly affects the level of language development.
Of great importance to the formation of the baby’s ability to speak, listen, read or write can have his parents and close friends. For example, replacing live chat with watching TV shows will certainly lead to a delay. If adults do not pay attention to visible defects, believing that the problem will be resolved by itself, this can cause a significant lag in speech development.
Where eliminate speech defects
Before correcting deficiencies, the specialist contacted by the patient is required to establish the causes of the difficulties. It depends on them the methods and techniques that will be used in the work.
If the development of speech is affected by deviations of a neurological nature or they are associated with the incorrect structure of articulatory organs, then, in addition to a speech therapist, a surgeon or a neurologist will be required. An integrated approach to working with people with abnormalities in the development of speech gives the greatest effect.
Speech therapy sessions with a child can be carried out by specialists in schools and kindergartens. Such rooms are opened at children's clinics or in child development centers. The speech therapist conducts classes using numerous methods, techniques and techniques. The exercises are aimed at developing an articulatory apparatus, motor skills, the child’s ability to observe, compare, analyze, express their emotions.
Great help in overcoming the speech difficulties of the baby is provided by parents, studying with him at home. Doctors and teachers, explaining to adults what a child’s speech can be during regular classes, give specific tasks. All recommendations must be followed. Only with this approach can a stable positive result be obtained.
Where they teach the correct beautiful speech
If a person has a desire to improve the style of the language, its expressiveness, to replenish the vocabulary, then special speech courses are perfect for this.
Many people believe that such classes are needed only for mastering foreign languages, but this is not so. They also study native speech. What can she become after training? This is a pleasure to demonstrate people who have completed the course.
For the development of beautiful literate speech , schoolchildren conduct special optional classes provided for by the curriculum.
What are speech exercises aimed at?
Tasks aimed at developing the language can be performed in conjunction with the teacher, alone or as a group. The exercises suggested below also provide insight into correct speech.
So, what should it be? Good speech is laconic, rich in vocabulary. The use of expressive means only decorates the language.
Speech Exercise Examples
- Remember the name of a recently watched movie or book you read. Set out the content in four sentences that you can record or keep in mind. Think about which of these sentences is not so important, exclude it. Do the same with the rest of the offers, leaving only one. Say it several times, edit it if you think it sounds wrong. This exercise, performed regularly, will teach you to concisely state thoughts.
- Many tongue twisters - it's fun and useful. But what is slow-saying, not everyone knows. Exercise helps get rid of confused slurred speech. The task is for the phrase to be pronounced slowly, clearly, with pauses. But unjustified stops and delaying sounds should be excluded. Try to enjoy the sound of the speech. Phrases for exercise can be selected independently or use the recommended ones.
Short tips
- Always remember what speech is about.
- Know that by the manner of speaking you can recognize the character of a person.
- Slurred speech indicates a lack of culture or knowledge.
- Instead of parasitic words, use short pauses.
- Listen to what people say.