It's no secret that quality education today plays a very large role. People with a high level of qualification are always and everywhere in demand, they are needed in professions of both the humanitarian and purely scientific fields.
School and home education
One of the initial stages of obtaining a systematic knowledge base is a school. Finishing it, a person receives a minimum of those skills and qualities that are necessary for him in life. For many years, there was not even a question of whether it was necessary to attend school at all and whether it was mandatory, because this fact was considered immutable, and was the duty of every child and adolescent. Today, people increasingly hear the phrase "home schooling." What is it - myth or reality?
As it turned out, this type of education is becoming increasingly popular in our country. More and more children, together with their parents, decide to choose home-based education.
Reasons to Switch to Home Schooling
This is mainly due to the discrepancy between the interests of the school and the students: many believe that the school does not provide really necessary knowledge and useful skills, and prefer to organize their schedule on their own. Others are talented children-athletes or artists, etc., who cannot attend school daily and spend time doing voluminous homework, as they work hard to achieve their goals. Others are forced to resort to individual education at home because of a serious illness or disability. Sometimes situations arise when a child categorically refuses to attend an educational institution because of constant conflicts with classmates and teachers, and then family education can be the way out. But how to switch to home schooling, what could be the consequences? Home schooling - what it is and how it differs from others, it is better to study these and other issues in advance.
Types and characteristics of home schooling
In the world, six varieties of home study are accepted:
- Family education. It involves the organization of the educational process by parents acting as teachers on their own, or by inviting teachers. In this case, the student attaches to the school and has the right to attend it. However, according to the decision of the family, he will be better off attending school. Education takes place on the basis of an officially established program with annual certification. Also, in order to get a real diploma confirming graduation, the child will need to pass an exam.
- Part-time home schooling. This option is suitable for children with certain medical conditions that restrict attendance at the school. Children with a number of diseases are allowed to partially attend classes so as not to lag far behind their team.
- Home schooling. What is it: for health reasons, some children are shown home-based education. In this case, the child is studying the general educational program of the school in which he is registered with teachers, but the options for self-education of the child are also acceptable. Passing control and exams is also carried out at home. This option is designed specifically for children with disabilities. But obtaining permission for this form of education is possible only if there is an appropriate resolution of the medical commission.
- External studies. Ideal for children with a high level of knowledge, who find the average school curriculum much easier. The child passes exams immediately (often two to three years in advance) without any intermediate control and other tests. It can be issued for children of any age.
- Remote way. In the era of high technology, this teaching method is perfect for students who live far from school or want to receive knowledge from more qualified teachers. This can be a complement to attending school, or completely replace it. Training and communication with teachers takes place remotely. All the necessary materials can be obtained from a kind of online system. But the child can also directly communicate with teachers (for example, through applications such as Skype), and all the controls will take place online. All details of this method are agreed with the school administration.
- Anskuling. He is the most radical learning option. It is based on the complete exclusion of schools from life. Parents independently educate their children, without focus on any kind of program. Because of this, it is not known whether the child will be able to fully develop and live in society further. For the above reason, this type of individual home education is prohibited in many countries of the world.
The legal basis for transitioning to home schooling
The possibility of switching to home schooling is confirmed by the legislative level. This issue is regulated by the Federal Law "On Education in the Russian Federation" No. 273- dated December 21, 2012 as amended and amended in 2016-2017.
State aid
The Federal Law “On Education in the Russian Federation” states that the state provides assistance to families in which children have switched to home schooling.
You can learn more about state support for children in home schooling by studying the explanatory letter of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation "On the organization of education in the family form."
Transition to home schooling
How to switch to home schooling correctly, without harm to the child? This is one of the first questions parents ask when they decide to transfer their children to home schooling. A biased attitude to the topic of home-schooling in Russia. Based on the established traditions and methods of education, culture in general and the foundations of society, this is considered not to be unacceptable and incorrect, but rather unusual. Although an orientation toward the West and forms of teaching “beyond the hill” are now taking place, the Russian people are still not quite ready for such a method of obtaining elementary knowledge. However, if the decision is made, and even more so, home schooling is necessary for health reasons, then you need to urgently proceed to action.
Action algorithm
Usually, everything is the same, except for the option when home-based education is required for children with disabilities:
- You need to know firmly what type of training at home is suitable for the child.
- If the cause is disability, it is necessary to collect the whole package of documents confirming this (a full list of certificates and medical indications can be obtained from the Department of Education).
- After receiving a satisfactory response from the commission, write a statement addressed to the director of the selected school or to the department of education, referring to the Federal Law "On Education in the Russian Federation" No. 273-FZ of 12/21/2012 and enclosing all medical documents.
- It is necessary to find a school in which the provision on home-based education is adopted.
- Further, it is imperative to draw up a work program for home schooling that is convenient and necessary for a particular child. Teachers who will be able to teach him at home will be selected, and parents will keep track of performance.
- If the children do not have any health restrictions that prevent them from attending school, then a parental decision and a statement addressed to the school principal are sufficient. A commission will also be convened, where they will most likely invite the child himself in order to find out his attitude to the above idea. After the meeting, the final answer will be made, and then the student will be attached to the school, where he will come for compulsory certification
Important points
It is advisable for parents to know some subtleties before arranging a child for home schooling:
- Children on a family basis, on the basis of an agreement concluded with the administration of the selected school, have the right to return to full-time schooling at any time.
- The agreement on family education, signed by the school administration, may be terminated by it in case of unsatisfactory results of certification.
- If a child, moving to home schooling, is forced to leave the educational institution he went to earlier, his administration may force him to write a statement about the expulsion. But this is not legally supported, which means that it gives the right not to fulfill the request. Indeed, sometimes the transition to home-schooling does not give the expected results, and there is a need to return the child to full-time education, and the previous school is the most convenient.
Advantages and disadvantages
Pros:
- Convenient, flexible study schedule.
- Lack of coercion by teachers and humiliation, violence by students.
- A more in-depth study of your favorite subjects.
- A chance to prevent peer abuse.
- Reducing the overall risk of poor health (problems with vision, spine, nervous system);
- The ability to accelerate the development of the school curriculum.
- "Non-belonging" to the gray, the general mass with the standardization of knowledge.
Minuses:
- Lack of strict discipline.
- Full parental control, great responsibility.
- The possibility of developing inferiority complexes due to learning alone.
- There is no constant socialization with peers, which makes the child less experienced in life (although this can be argued, given that the child will attend various hobby groups, events if he is organized by an entertainment program, as well as friendly and family meetings).
- The knowledge of parents is not always enough for a full education of the child.
Reviews
Among those who prefer home education to school education, successful, creative and comprehensively developed people predominate. Most of them are satisfied with home schooling. But there are those who had to return to school for various reasons:
- It was not possible to fully master the program, as the child became lazy, he had no incentive to education.
- Someone was forced to leave school for some time due to illness, and later he wanted to return to school, because he liked the team and teaching methods.
- Sometimes parents could not cope with the responsibility.
Total
And in conclusion, we can only say that you need to carefully study everything before deciding to transfer a child to home schooling. What is it, what are the causes and consequences, etc. we reviewed in this article. And the final decision always remains with the children and their parents, who bear enormous responsibility for them.