A fracture is called a violation of the integrity of the bones. There are closed fractures in which only the bone is damaged and the muscles and external skin are not affected. Open fractures are accompanied by damage to all overlying tissues and the opening of a wound on the skin. It is worth noting that it is first aid for fractures that is very important, as it helps to prevent the onset of pain shock and even greater bone displacement.
How to identify a fracture? It is known that a fracture is accompanied by severe pain. But not every pain is a fracture - it can also be a bruise, dislocation or sprain. Therefore, first of all, it is necessary to verify the nature of the damage.
What do fractures look like? Signs of violation of the integrity of the bones may be unnaturally twisted limb, bends in those places where they simply can not be, shortened limb sizes, etc. In addition, severe swelling, and sometimes a hematoma, occurs at the fracture site.
The first thing to do in this case is to call an ambulance or deliver the patient to a trauma center on your own. But before transporting the victim, first aid should be provided for fractures. The technique of its implementation depends primarily on the type of injury, as well as on the availability of necessary funds.
First aid for a closed fracture . The main way to help the patient is to immobilize a broken bone by placing a splint on it. Ideally, a special tire should be used, but experience says that not everyone in the house has such devices, especially if the injury occurred on nature, the street, in the mountains, etc.
Therefore, for lack of specially created equipment, you can use any means at hand. For example, with boards, rods, brooms, a gun - the main thing is that the subject is sufficiently stable. Fix the bus with tight bandages. If they are not there, then you can use ropes, films or pieces of cloth. There should be two places of fixation - above and below the site of injury.
If under your hands there is absolutely nothing that could replace the tire, then it is necessary to wind the broken bone to a healthy part of the body - for example, if one leg is broken, then it can be rewound with bandages from the second. If the arm is injured, then tape it to the body.
First aid for spinal fractures is slightly different from the above. In the event that an injury occurred to the spinal column, it is better not to touch the sick person and force him to remain motionless until the arrival of the medical team. The fact is that a ridge fracture is very dangerous and even with the slightest movement, damage to the spinal cord can occur. If, nevertheless, it is necessary to deliver the victim to the hospital on his own, then slowly and very carefully transfer him to a flat surface (for example, a large wide board) and fix this position with bandages.
First aid for open fracture . Before applying a splint to a damaged bone, the wound must be properly treated. If it has any third-party items, then you need to remove them. Then treat the edges of the wound with a disinfectant - iodine, brilliant green, cologne, peroxide. If the nearest medical center is far away, then in order to avoid infections and infection, it is recommended to sprinkle the wound with streptocide powder. On top of the damaged tissue, apply a sterile dressing and only then proceed with the application of the tire.
It is worth noting once again that correctly provided first aid for fractures is very important, as:
- Prevents the development of pain shock.
- Facilitates the condition of the patient.
- Prevents further mixing of bones, as well as tissue damage.
- Quite often, the cure rate depends on first aid.
First aid for fractures is very important, so it is so important to know the algorithm of action.