How does fertilization occur? A dozen years ago, one could only guess about it, and now with the help of super technologies such processes can even be seen.
To begin with, let us dwell on the very start of the process - egg maturation. They ripen in the ovaries, which nourish them with all the necessary substances. Thanks to them, the process of egg growth and maturation is stimulated . The follicle that surrounds the egg does not lag behind - it also grows actively, and when it reaches a certain size, it bursts and releases the egg into the abdominal cavity. At this time, the hormonal system signals the fringed funnel of the fallopian tubes that the egg has already left and it is time to "return it to the fold." The funnel, like a vacuum cleaner, attracts an egg into the fallopian tube with its vibrations of fibers. If for some reason the sperm and the egg do not move into the uterus, but remain in the tube, then such a pregnancy is called tubal or ectopic. This is an anomaly in which the tube ruptures during the growth of the zygote, so doctors remove such an embryo.
In the fallopian tube , the egg is most often found in the sperm and the egg is fertilized. This process is very time sensitive, because the egg lives about a day, and the sperm reaches the cherished zone in about six hours.
During this time, only the strongest, most viable sperm get to her. Along the way, they encounter a significant number of obstacles. One of them is cervical mucus, which becomes thinner in consistency during the release of the egg. That is why women during ovulation feel an increase in vaginal moisture, a slightly larger amount of light transparent discharge. At the tip of the sperm head are special substances that dissolve the egg wall. Before fertilization occurs, these substances interact with each other, and the sperm opens the way inward. On the video, this happens quite rapidly, as if the sperm is screwed into the egg with its spiral tail movements. In this case, an early form of the embryo, a zygote, is formed. Already at this stage, the sperm, merging together, enters its 23 chromosomes of hereditary information, which, together with the other chromosomes of the egg, will determine the further development of the fetus. When the sperm has invaded the egg, its membrane becomes more dense, which prevents the further penetration of sperm.
After fertilization occurs, the hormonal system instantly responds to a changed situation. The body receives a signal that conception has occurred. Can fertility be felt? No matter how hard it sounds, but in no way at the time of conception does the body make it known. Only after other stages occur, the woman’s body will begin to feel the early signs of pregnancy.
If fertilization occurred normally, then the zygote descends through the fallopian tube into the uterus, which, under the influence of hormones, is already preparing to take the fetus. It takes about six days, and a couple of days the zygote "chooses a place" in the uterus. The endometrium by this moment has already become quite thick, loose - any place is ready to accept a zygote. Most often, it is attached to the anterior or posterior wall of the uterus, and after another week, the zygote is completely immersed in the uterine layer. All this time, the embryo feeds on what it has supplied the egg with follicles - useful nutrients - fats and proteins. After fertilization and attachment to the uterus occurs, the placenta begins to form and the nine-month intrauterine period of development of the baby begins.