The federal state requirements (FGT) for the educational program implemented in a preschool institution recommend the organization and conduct of various activities with children, during which educational goals can be realized: games, project activities, stage-setting, discussion, observation, and others. Integrated classes as one of the forms of joint activity of the teacher and pupils allow us to simultaneously solve the problems of several educational areas.
The principle of integration allows you to organize physical education classes so that children can:
- assimilate the score to 10 and vice versa, using divisions into groups of 10 people, performing one exercise 10 times or transferring shells from one basket to another during the competition;
- to develop skills of safe behavior when exercising on a sports wall, when conducting outdoor games, when memorizing and fulfilling game rules of a sports day or when using skates, skis;
- to improve labor skills when cleaning and arranging athletic equipment in the hall or on the sports ground;
- repeat the plots of familiar tales and works, as based on their motives, a lesson can be compiled;
- To cultivate aesthetic ideals based on the design of the gym, the appearance of children and educators, as well as the use of modern equipment and accessories for conducting classes.
Integrated classes tend to have several goals. The main, dominant goal relates to the main activity, to which the lesson is dedicated, and the rest are secondary. So, integrated classes on the development of speech can be aimed at the development of children's skills in drawing up a story from a picture, and in addition, acquaintance with native nature; improve application skills using autumn leaves; to work out movements in running and walking during physical education.
An integrated lesson in a kindergarten can combine the activities of several specialists: a physical education instructor, a music director, a teacher in a foreign language. It depends on the objectives of the lesson and the capabilities of the preschool. If a kindergarten, in addition to raising children, carries out health-improving work to correct any diseases, then breathing exercises, self-massage or vision correction exercises can be used and performed in the structure of the lesson.
The younger the children, the more in the process of their education integrated classes are used that are similar to the game interaction and involve the voluntary participation of children in activities. The teacher starts some activity with several children, and the rest join them on the basis of the interest that arose. This is how classes in visual activity, modeling, music, and design are organized.
Most often, children do not even notice that the teacher organizes integrated classes, because the skills that are planned to be developed in children are improved in all types of activities. A thematic day can be organized, when children get acquainted with vegetables, tasting them, drawing, browsing in albums, collecting in the garden, counting on cards. Integration allows each child to obtain knowledge in a form that is most acceptable to him. The teacher analyzes how much it was possible to realize the goals and plans the next thematic day, taking into account what was possible or failed to master.
Purposefully using an integrated approach, the teacher contributes to the fact that children learn knowledge more effectively.