Necrosis is nothing but the death of tissues, cells, organs of a living organism. The reasons are varied. Among them can be attributed to the direct destruction of a traumatic agent or a violation of trophism. Perhaps, circulatory problems are also worth mentioning. Factors that can lead to necrosis:
- chemical;
- mechanical;
- electric;
- thermal and others.
Necrosis of tissues or organs occurs when exposed to mechanical force, which exceeds the resistance of the membranes. The result is their gap. Tissue necrosis can occur as a result of prolonged or short-term thermal exposure. We are talking about burns and frostbite. It can also happen in places where electric current has entered the body.
Tissue and organ necrosis can be caused by chemicals. Strong acid can cause dry necrosis , strong alkali can cause collication. In both cases, we are talking about chemical burns. Microbial toxins can also cause necrosis.
Tissue or organ necrosis can be caused by circulatory problems. In this case, it will be due to the following:
- a wound to the vessel;
- blood chemistry is broken;
- problems with heart;
- obliteration of blood vessels.
Such necrosis often determines the course of any disease. For example, tissue necrosis plays by no means the last role in gangrene.
If tissue trophism is impaired, necrosis can occur even with minimal impact on the damaged area. An example is pressure sores resulting from damage to the spinal cord.
Necrosis of the intestines or any other organ is always much more dangerous than necrosis of the skin. It’s hard to eliminate it. Also, it is not always possible to detect on time. It can be fatal.
There are certain conditions under which necrosis develops faster than usual. Its progression is affected by:
- microflora in the focus of the disease;
- anatomical and physical features;
- environmental phenomena.
Anatomical and physical features can be divided into general as well as local. Both acute and chronic infections can be detrimental to the general condition of the body. The reasons can also include intoxication, exhaustion, vitamin deficiency and other similar. All this contributes significantly to the development of necrosis.
Microbes and toxins also accelerate tissue necrosis. Their entry into the area with impaired circulation is unacceptable. Hypothermia enhances vasospasm, thereby exacerbating blood circulation problems. Overheating causes metabolic disorders.
Radiation can cause severe and quick tissue necrosis. This action has a very complex mechanism. At its core, violations that occur during radiation sickness, as well as local effects on tissues.
Necrosis: treatment
Treatment of necrosis is local and general. Dry and wet necrosis are treated differently.
Local treatment of dry necrosis occurs in two stages. The first is tissue processing, the second is the removal of dead tissue.
General treatment in this case includes the treatment of the disease, which is the main one. Most medical measures in this case are aimed at restoring or improving blood circulation. Infectious diseases are fought with antibacterial therapy.
With wet necrosis, the infection develops much faster. This means that treatment should be radical. If it is possible to translate it into dry necrosis - doctors use it.
Wet necrosis is difficult to eliminate. In some cases, its spread can only be stopped by amputation. Doctors are doing everything possible to prevent this, but the stakes are too high and delays can cause even greater disaster.