For many years, the authoritarian system reigned in the Soviet system of education, as a result of which there was a sharp drop in the general cultural level among graduates of primary and secondary schools. This negatively affected the level of culture of the whole society. In the era of scientific and technological progress, unfortunately, there are people with egregious illiteracy who are not able in real life to apply the skills that were obtained during school life.
New trends in Russian education
The humanitarianization of modern education was introduced in order to move away from the obsolete standards of the first generation, to carry out a gradual transition to new federal educational standards. The school course contains such complex disciplines as physics, chemistry, mathematics. After the modernization of Russian education, the number of hours per week in the subjects of the mathematical and natural cycle decreased significantly. For example, if during the Soviet Union at the senior level of education (grades 10-11), children attended 4 hours of physics a week, now they are left with only 2 hours. The system of humanization of education has gradually supplanted the exact sciences to the proper extent; additional hours in the Russian language, social studies, literature, and a foreign language have taken their place. How justified is such a system? What did the reform of classical education lead to? It is difficult to answer these questions unequivocally, but now there is an overabundance of humanitarian specialists in the labor market, and there is a shortage of construction, engineering, and medical personnel.
Actual issues of humanitarian education
Analyzing the essence and necessity of the process of humanization of education, we note that it is especially relevant in modern realities. It is this option that implies a special interest in the formation of the practical and aesthetic qualities of the child, the development of speech, spatial and logical thinking, intuition, and a positive attitude to art.
The goal of humanization in education
Among the strongest educational systems in the world, along with Japanese, French, Germanic, English, the Soviet school is also mentioned. The main drawback of our school was the barracks - repressive system. All children were taught according to one program; there was no question of identifying and developing gifted and talented children. This was logical for socialism that reigned in our country. Repressiveness consisted in the fear of getting a “deuce”, because such a mark was publicly condemned, parents were invited, a punishment system was developed for an underachieving child.
Among the adjectives that can be used to characterize the Soviet period in education, psychologists call it “hard labor”. There is some truth in this, right? in addition to 6 lessons at school, children spent at least 4 hours on numerous and voluminous homework. As a result of such training, students were “crammed” with knowledge, which they could not apply in everyday life.
Modern education system
The humanitarianization of education is, first and foremost, an opportunity for full development for each individual student. A differentiated approach allows us to subdivide subject programs into several levels. The basic option is offered to students who are not interested in gaining in-depth knowledge in this discipline, and want to limit themselves to only a program minimum. The profile level is aimed at schoolchildren who plan to continue their studies in higher education institutions after graduation. The basic principle of humanization of education is the student's ability to choose a personal educational path.
Further education in humanization
Not only educational programs have been developed for new educational standards. The update also affected further education, because the humanization of education is not only a process of acquiring new knowledge and skills, but also the upbringing of the younger generation. It is outside the lessons that children should learn to live in modern society, develop a sense of pride in their country. The main trends in the humanization of education imply a close relationship between the school and the various sections, which makes it possible to educate a harmoniously developed personality of a future citizen of the country. Many teachers of continuing education, school teachers advocate an increase in the number of hours precisely out of ordinary lessons. A variety of school clubs and sections, created in various directions, are a prerequisite for the new GEF. Such creative associations help the younger generation to look for a path for their own development, to obtain the necessary skills and practical skills.
The Importance of School Associations for the Humanization of Education
No one says that it is necessary to replace ordinary lessons with interest classes. This is an increase in the role of extracurricular activities, and this is precisely what humanization of education is aimed at. Examples of such bright school clubs are in every educational institution. Fans of research and project activities can engage in an association specializing in this area. To increase the significance of the experiments of schoolchildren, the teacher connects the experience of researchers, scientists. Young researchers learn to analyze the results, draw conclusions. What is humanization in the system of continuing education? First of all, this is the formation of a culture of speech of the younger generation, the ability to express and defend their point of view on the problem under consideration. It is during the discussions that the child learns to apply the knowledge gained in the lessons in an unusual situation.
The way to introduce a new system
So what is humanization, and how can it be implemented in educational schools? First of all, it involves increasing the role of humanitarian disciplines, introducing schoolchildren to the general cultural values that have been created throughout the history of human society. Such modernization is impossible without resorting to religion, art, philosophy.
The need for humanization
In education, the importance of such a process is characterized by a number of factors. Mankind has a consumeristic attitude towards nature; it ceases to value and pass on cultural traditions and customs to new generations. The main characteristics of the humanization of education are associated with a return to their historical origins, the formation of a young generation of respect for nature.
The situation that arose in the country implies not only a certain political instability, but also the formation of a market economy, which is accompanied by a serious crisis of worldview. Russia, which experienced “collapse” at the end of the last century, is looking for ways to restore the connection of times, including cultural values. Arguing over what humanization is, the country's leading educators single out precisely the search for the meaning of existence for future generations. The new system should return to students the desire to learn, help them in setting life goals, highlighting priorities.
Humanization in high school
Not only in secondary schools, but also in higher education institutions, professors argue over what humanization is, whether modern students need it. All representatives of higher education are convinced that the system needs to be changed, but it is important to approach this carefully, without destroying the canons that Soviet higher education has always been proud of.
The law of mutual induction
There are certain laws that explain the processes of cognition through the activity of the central nervous system. The essence of the law of mutual induction is that when certain parts of the brain are excited, the processes of inhibition proceed simultaneously in others. For example, when a schoolchild or student solves a certain mathematical problem, literary knowledge “freezes” for a while.
The law of dynamic stereotype
Its meaning is that with systematic irritations of some parts of the brain, similar irritations are observed in other areas, that is, they are uniformly redistributed.
M. Portnov spoke of such an important regularity as an increase in the number of foci of excitement so that schoolchildren and students could make maximum use of their creative and logical abilities. In order to achieve such a result, it is important to have communication skills. This is precisely what the humanization of the modern education system is aimed at. Updated training will be productive. In the process of studying subjects of a natural mathematical direction, acting on brain regions will be determined by humanitarian disciplines. In simpler terms, with the help of literature, history, social science, a child will learn not only how to solve problems in physics and mathematics, but also how to assume the application of the result in everyday life.
Conclusion
The development of a holistic system of perception of logical tasks with knowledge acquired on the subjects of the humanitarian cycle is considered as the main goals of the humanitarization of school mathematical education.
Thanks to humanization, the student’s skills are formed to transfer mathematical material from one type of expression to another, interpreting material from mathematics lessons to humanitarian subjects.
The most important is the development of the ability to apply the obtained humanitarian and mathematical material in real conditions, as well as in unforeseen situations, to find a connection between different disciplines.
A teacher with a new approach to teaching forms a holistic picture of the world in children, without dividing it into separate areas and directions.
The right and left hemispheres develop equally in children, which is important for building personal educational paths, determining life priorities, forming patriotism, and environmental culture.
A graduate of a school will not only have a certain stock of theoretical knowledge; he will learn to navigate in various systems, have his own opinion, objectively assess opportunities, develop abilities, interests.