The Vatican is the smallest state that spiritually unites Catholics from all over the world. There is a small enclave in Rome.
Legislative, executive and judicial powers are concentrated in the hands of the Pope. The famous Vatican has many rules and traditions. The population of the state is mostly local residents, and 35% are visitors from other countries.
Flag
The Vatican has chosen the main colors for its symbolism yellow, gray, red, green, white. The flag of the Vatican is colored with yellow and snow-white stripes, the emblem of the country - crossed keys - are located strictly at the bottom of the pope’s tiara.
The conclusion of the Lateran Treaty on the establishment of the state of the Holy See by Pope Pius XI forced to come up with state symbols. The Vatican flag was not chosen for long; on June 7, 1929 it was officially approved. Symbolism means the main keys to the gates of Paradise (Rome). The tiara above these signs indicates unshakable papal authority. And the three crowns are symbols of the Holy Trinity.
Emblem
So, in the third decade of the twentieth century, the coat of arms of the Vatican was approved. The form of the heraldic symbol is with sharp corners depicted by the attributes of the Catholic Church, the papal throne. In some cases, a small coat of arms is noted on the banner of the state and institutions.
When the throne passes to the throne, the monogram is divided: the tiara accompanies the funeral procession with the remains of the deceased pope, and the keys as a symbol of the permanent church administration go to the symbols of the assistant cardinal. The key opens the gates of Rome and leads to heaven.
The followers of the pope abandoned the tiara, it became a memorable symbol of the state. At the beginning of the XII century, a crown was added, showing the sovereign position of the papal monastery. The next crown was added after two hundred years. And after several decades, the collection was enriched with another crown.
All three royal dresses indicate the pope's advantage over other scepters as a clergyman, teacher of his flock and ruler. The coat of arms of the Vatican is revered and respected throughout the Catholic world. This symbol has special meaning, therefore it is forbidden to use any signs of state symbols for advertising and other purposes. Desecration and abuse of the banner will cause serious punishment.
Population of the country
The Vatican is considered a small state. The population is about 1000 people. More than half of them were citizens of the state, the rest came from other localities and countries. Basically, these are diplomats, staff.
The Lateran Agreement governs the rules governing the acquisition of civil law, lost citizenship and documents permitting residence in this country. Vatican citizenship can be obtained for those people who are associated with the civil service, occupy senior positions. When the contract is closed, not only the position is lost, but also the inherent citizenship, it is possible to maintain the right of an Italian citizen. The Vatican has its own rules and charters. The population here replenishes infrequently.
Spouse or spouse, as well as their children are equated with citizens of the country and receive a document allowing them to stay in the Vatican. When a spouse divorces, this civil law is lost. When children reach the 25-year milestone, when they become able-bodied, or the daughter gets married, the issue of losing citizenship is decided. You can’t just get to the Vatican. The population is strictly counted, even more closely monitor the family relations of the wards of the state.
Passport mode
The diplomatic and service passport of the Holy See of the Vatican may be issued to a person working abroad. But this does not give the right to freely enter the great Vatican, remain in it or have citizenship.
Formally, the country does not have a strict passport regime. You can get into the city only through Italian lands. Immigration rules apply in this area. Any citizen of the Vatican can receive a document proving his identity. If available, the entrance at the border passes without any delay. Only the current governor, cardinal, as well as their close ones, which are listed by name in the corresponding document, are exempted from certificates.
At present, more than 600 citizens and 350 people who have not received this right live in the enclave. Many of them are people with dual citizenship, mainly Italian.
State currency
The Vatican is a state in a state. It has its own banknotes. Lira equals 100 centesimo.
- banknotes in denominations of 10, 20, 30, 50, 100;
- coin rating - 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50.
The country has a special euro status. Vatican coins are valued by collectors, especially those dating from past and earlier centuries. At special auctions, these items are sold for thousands of dollars.
Historical reference
Originally, metallic cash appeared in the 1st century. To this day, she keeps the appearance of the pope. The minted epigraph reads: "Rome is the capital of the world." Cardinal Curius later brought money for circulation. The history of the Vatican is fascinating, so many dream of getting here to get to the sacred archives.
Coins were used for calculating the payment of earnings, and they were placed in unusual boxes. After 200 years, Pope Eugene IV introduced into circulation ducats of Venetian coinage. Four hundred years later, a lyre appeared. The money scheme began to change gradually.
The money was well equipped with fraud protection. The color of the coins, which had distinctive features, was also sought after. In 2001, Pope John Paul II signed a decree on the introduction of a new monetary currency, the euro, in the enclave.
State in State
The great city became independent from Italy in the 30s of the XIX century. It is located on the right bank of the Tiber, in the west of Rome. This is the smallest state on the planet. Its area is only 0.44 square meters. m
Today the population is 1000 people. The city is located on a hill and is surrounded by walls built during the Middle Ages. Beautiful palaces adorn the gardens. Museums, art galleries fill the state. Many tourists are attracted by the diverse and exciting Italy. The Vatican is the main place that seek to visit. To see the most interesting places, you should book a tour.
Main attraction
St. Peter's Catholic Cathedral in the Vatican attracts tourists from all over the world. This is a unique architectural monument.
The construction of the cathedral took a lot of time and is associated with the names of more than five famous artists and architects. Started to be built in the 4th century AD, the cathedral acquired its final appearance only in the 17th century, after the construction of a large square in front of its entrance for the assembly of citizens, which was designed by the famous architect Bernini. He received his name in honor of the martyr Peter, at the burial site of the remains of which he began to be erected. Now the cathedral is known for its original design and decoration and is located on the territory of the Vatican. The facade of the cathedral is very beautiful, it is decorated with large sculptures of the holy apostles, Jesus Christ himself, as well as John the Baptist. Inside the cathedral is the famous Pieta by Michelangelo.
The interior is striking in its harmony and grandeur. Amazes the viewer with many statues, tombstones and altars. Here is a statue of St. Peter, to which believers come from all over the globe. Each tombstone is a creation of the great masters of the past and is made with great art and grace.
The dome crowning the cathedral is visible from afar and is the largest in the world. Inside, it is painted with frescoes by Renaissance masters. Everything in the cathedral speaks of the skill of builders and artists. This magnificent building is worth seeing for everyone who is in Italy.